Unit20-新lessson3ScientificBreakthroughs(2).pptx

Unit20-新lessson3ScientificBreakthroughs(2).pptx

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,Unit20Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughs,FourinventionsinancientChina:

Papermaking,Printing,Gunpowder,TheCompass,Somediscoveriesorinventionsinthe20thcentury:

microwaveoven微波炉,airplane,mobilephone,computer,medicine,Ifyouhadtochoosethesinglemostimportantdiscoveryofthe20thcentury,youwouldhavearealdilemmaonyourhands.,adifficultsituationwhereyouhavetochoosebetweentwoormorealternatives.,n进退两难的局面,Canyousingleoutthemostimportantone?

pickout,Letshaveaquizaboutscienceandscientist.GoodLuck!

QuizTime,1.TheOriginofSpecieswaspublishedin1859.Thebookshowedthatpeoplehaddevelopedfromapesinstead.Whoistheauthor?

A.LeonardodoVinciB.CharlesDarwinC.StephenHawking,2.WhosaidthatGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration?

A.AlbertEinsteinB.MadameCurieC.ThomasEdison,3.Thismathematicianfoundthattheforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.Whoishe?

A.ArchimedesB.ZhangHengC.JamesWatt,4.WhoreceivedtwoNobelprizesandshediscoveredradiumIn1898?

A.GregorMendelB.MadameCurieC.IsaacNewton,5.StephenHawking,British（1942-）Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudied_inspace.A.BlackholesB.UFOC.Planets,7.AlbertEinsteinisfamousforthetheoryofrelativityandaformula_showedthatthemassandenergywereinfactequivalentA.G=mgB.E=MC2C.W=FS,6.AlexanderFlemingdiscovered_whichcankillbacteria（细菌）andsavethelivesofmillions.Hydrogenperoxide（过氧化氢）B.Anesthetics（麻醉剂）C.Penicillin（青霉素）,8.Whenwasthefirstelectricpoweredelevatormade?

A.1805B.1857C.1880,Firstreading,Task1Getthegeneralidea,Thepurposeofthisarticleis_.,theintroductionofAlbertEinsteintheintroductionoftheprocessofscientificbreakthroughintroductionofthemajorscientificdiscoveriesinthe20thcenturythecontributionsscientistsmadetotheworld,penicillin,Thefirstcomputer,EdwinHubble,ElbertEinstein,PercySpencer,AlexanderFleming,EckertandMauchly,Microwaveoven,galaxy,Task2pioneersandtheirinventions,Detailedreading,Para1:

Getspecificinformation,medical,thecauses,procedures,organs,donated,communications,correspond,transport,split,process,exchangeinformation,liver,brain,lungs,stomach,heart,kidney,organs,AlbertEinstein,Oneofthe20thcenturyspremierscientistswasAlbertEinstein.,themostimportant,oneofthecenturysmostoutspokenpoliticalactivists.,TheoryofRelativityE=mc2（energyequalsmasstimesthespeedoflightsquared）.,giveopinionshonestly,质量,Pioneersofscience,Americanastronomer,Heprovedthatmist（薄雾）weregalaxies（星系）themselves.,Tohonorhim,thefirsttelescopewasnamedafterhim.,EdwinHubble埃德温.哈勃,Hubblespacetelescope,1.Einsteinwasatworkwhenhethoughtoftheequation“E=mc2”.2.Einsteinparticipatedintheprogrammethatdevelopedthenuclearbomb.3.Einsteinobservedchangesintime,size,andmass.4.Hubblestudiedtheuniverseforovertwentyyears.5.Hubblediscoveredthatourgalaxyisbiggerthanwethoughtitwas.,rockbaby,F,NI,NI,T,F,theuniverse,Para3&4:

Arethesestatementstrueorfalseoristherenoinformation?

Translatethesentences.1.Einsteinthenshowedinhis“theoryofrelativity”thatnoteventime,mass,orlengthareconstanttheychangeaccordingtoourexperienceofthem.2.Hediscoveredsmallareasofmistwhichwereinfactgalaxieslikeourown,millionsoflightyearsawayfromus,whichprovedthattheuniversewasvastlylargerthanhadpreviouslybeenthought.,之后爱因斯坦又在他的相对论中“表明”，就连时间、质量、长度也不是持久不变的随着我们对它们的进一步了解，他们也会有所改变。

他发现了一些小的雾区，而它们实际上是跟我们的星系一样的星系，离我们有几百万光年之远。

这一发现证明了宇宙比我们以前想象的要大得多。

JohnWilliamMauchlywasanAmericanphysicistwho,alongwithhisstudentJ.PresperEckertdesignedENIAC,thefirstcommercialcomputermadeintheUnitedStates.,JohnWilliamMauchly（1907.8.301980.1.8）J.PresperEckert,Pioneersofscience,Thefirstcomputerintheworld,tube电子管,circuit电路板,switch开关,Para7:

Answerthequestions.,1.Didthefirstcomputerprojectmanagetomeetitsoriginalgoal?

2.Whatarethefeaturesofthefirstcomputer?

No.Althoughtheyonlyfinishedafterthewarin1946,itdidnotmatter.,Itwas_ourcomputerstoday.It_100feetlong_over10feethighand_over30tonnes.Itusedsomuch_thatwhenitwasturnedon,thelightsinthelocaltown_!

nothinglike,measured,by,weighed,energy,wentout,AlexanderFleming（1881-1955）,Scottishbiochemist,sharedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1945withHowardFloreyandErnstBorisChain,remainedmodestabouttheamazingoutcomeofhisdiscovery,Pioneersofscience,anAmericanengineerandinventor,PercySpencer帕西斯宾塞,obtained120patents,Apatentisanofficialrighttobetheonlypersonorcompanyallowedtomakeorsellanewproduct专利,Para5,6&8:

Fillintheblanks.,_radar;noticeachocolate_inhispocket;bymistake,byaccident,killbacteriasavemillionsoflives;curepeople,preparemealsinminutes,experimentwith,melting,leftadish;_andsawabluemould;,double-checked,Withoutthebreakthroughsofthesepioneersinscienceandtechnology,whetherluckyorplanned,theworldasweknowittodaywouldhavebeenacompletelydifferentplace.,Para9:

translatethesentence.,没有这些科技先驱们的发现，不管是由于幸运还是有所计划，我们今天所熟悉的这个世界将会是完全不同的世界。

Postreading,Tellthestoriesofthescientistswiththewordsgiven.,ElbertEinsteinpremier,outspoken,rockbaby,inspired,E=mc2,theoryofrelativity,mass,unbelievable,PercySpencerinventor,microwaveoven,patents,experimentwithradarachocolatemelting,bymistake,preparemealsinminutes,EckertandMauchlyaccuracyofmissiles,thefirstcomputer,measure,weigh,energy,EdwinHubbleex-lawyertelescope,exploregalaxy,provedtheuniverselarger,AlexanderFlemingleftadish,double-checked,abluemould,killbacteria,modestsave,cure,identifyimportantwords,1.Oneofthe20thcenturysp_scientistswasEinsteinwhowasi_tod_E=mc2whichshowedhowanu_amountofenergywasproduced.2.Scientistsf__howtosplittheatomandchangedthewaywec_fromwritingletterstoemailing.3.Theo_ofpenicillinisa_,whichhelpedtoc_people.4.Itisareald_onyourhandstochoosethemostimportantdiscoveryofthe20thcentury.Scientificb_improvethequalityofhumanlifeonearth.,remier,nspired,iscover,nbelievable,iguredout,orrespond,utcome,mazing,ure,ilemma,reakthroughs,“Creativityinsciencecouldbedescribedastheactofputtingtwoandtwotogethertomakefive.”-ArthurKoestler,PairWorkDiscussion,Whatdoesthesentencemean?

Giveexamplestoshowhowcreativityworksinscience.,Homework,WritingTask:

YourFavoriteScientist,Whatisthemostimportantorinterestingfactaboutthescientist?

Whydoyoulikehimorher?

Whatarehisorherachievements?

EnjoyavideoSymphonyofscience,Longsentences,CreativityinWord-building,outcome,out,come,+,CompoundWords,Compoundwordsaremadeupoftwo（ormore）separatewords.,Canyoufindmorecompoundwordsinthetext?

meanwhile,outspoken,world-famous,breakthrough,far-reaching,double-checked,something,nothing,sometimes,mass-produced,without,mobilephone,Matchthecategories（a-e）withtheexamplesfromthetext（1-5）.Thenaddexamplesofyourown.,1.breakthrough;outcome2.CDplayer;jetengine3.mass-produce;double-check4.one-year-old;world-famous;far-reaching5.flyingmachine;nuclearbomb,a）compoundnoun（noun+noun）b）compoundnoun（verb+preposition）c）compoundnoun（adjective+noun）d）compoundverbe）Compoundadjective,Writeyourownexamples,1.togivesomethinge.g.money,toapersonoranorganizationinordertohelpthem2.apartofthebody,suchasheartorlungs3.todividesomethingintoseparatepartsparetwothingsthatarehappeningatthesametime5.expressingyouropinionshonestly6.oneofthelargegroupsofstarsthatmakeuptheuniverse7.tomakesomeonewhoisillwellagain8.atypeofoventhatcooksfoodveryquickly,Findwordsinthetextwiththefollowingmeanings:

meanwhile,galaxy,outspoken,microwave,cure,organ,split,donate,二、词形辨别选择适当的词填空并翻译成汉语。

1.Weightmeans_innon-technicallanguage.（A.massB.mess）2.Itsnousecryingover_milk.（A.spiltB.split）4._ZhouEnlaiwillliveinourheartsforever.（A.PremiereB.Premier）,A,A,B,5.Wewerefriendsand_formorethan20years.（A.collegesB.colleagues）6.Thebacteriawereexaminedundera_.（A.microscopeB.telescope）7._isanofficialrighttobetheonlypersontomake,useorsellaproduct.（A.PatentB.Parent）8.Youcannotenteramilitarybasewithouta_.（A.permissionB.permit）,B,A,A,B,1._处于进退两难的困境2._更不用说3._与此同时4._挑选出5._治愈某人的疾病6._求助于7._努力解决难事8._致力于做某事9._从到范围10._错误地11._一点都不像,inadilemma,nottomention,（inthe）meanwhile/meantime,singleout,curesb.ofadisease,turntosb.forhelp,wrestlewithsomething,bededicatedtodoingsth.,rangefromto,bymistake/inerror,nothinglike,11._理解12._用代替13._把捐献给14._与通信，相一致15._相当于，类似于16._属于某人的17._熄灭，过时，出去18._因为某事感激某人19._注意到某人在做某事20._在方面取得突破,figureout=workout/puzzleout,replacewith,donateto,correspondwith,correspondto,toonesname,goout,begratefultosbforsth,noticesb.doingsth.,makeabreakthroughin,Ifyouaretomakeabreakthroughinyourreading,youshouldbeexposedtoawiderangeofreadingmaterial.,如果你想在阅读上有突破，你应该要接触大量的阅读材料。

1.dilemma,n进退两难，窘境，困境,beinadilemma处于（陷入）进退两难的境地,Iminadilemmaaboutthisjoboffer.,put/placesbinadilemma使某人处于进退两难的处境,Thebadweatherputusinadilemma.,对于是否接受这份工作我左右为难。

糟糕的天气使得我们进退两难.,许多女性面临着选择工作还是照顾家庭的两难境地.,Manywomenarefacedwiththedilemmaofchoosingbetweenworkandfamilycommitments.,2.nottomention=letalone更不必说.=tosaynothingof=nottospeakofIts_andplayfootball,nottomentionthefactthatitsraining.你现在出去踢足球太晚了,何况又正在下雨。

Were_thisyear,_wecantaffordit.,我们今年太忙不能去度一个长的假期，更不必说我们出不起这笔钱。

toobusytotakealongholiday,nottomentionthefactthat,fartoolateforyoutogoout,4.donateVt.togivemoney,food,etc.tosb/sth.,donatesthto向捐赠某物=giveawaysth.,BillGates_charity.,makeadonationto向捐赠,donat