高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练33.docx

高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练33.docx

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高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练33

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（33）及答案

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Thedyedbunscandal（染色馒头丑闻）dealsanotherblowtoshoppers'confidenceinbuyingfoodproducts,aswellasthereputationoflocalsellers.LiZhenreportsonshoppers’reactionsinShanghai.

AninvestigationbythemunicipalgovernmentrevealedthatShanghaiShengluFoodCompanyproducedmorethan3,000steamedbunsdaily.Thesewerethensoldacrossthecity,includinglargesupermarketssuchasHualian,LianhuaandDia.

FewersteamedbunswereforsaleatthisLianhuaSupermarket.Morethan32,000bunsweretakenoffstoreshelveswhenthescandalemerged.

Mr.Wang,SalesManagerofLianhuaSupermarket,said,“WeremovedthedyedsteamedbunsproducedbyShengluassoonaswelearnedoftheincident.Wegavecustomerswhohadboughtthesteamedbunsfromouroutletsrefundswiththeirreceipts.Despitethescandal,oursalesvolumehasbeenfinesofar.”

However,mostcustomerswemetremainedconcernedaboutfoodsafety.SteamedbunsarearegularbreakfastfoodforMs.Gao.Sheusedtobuythemmostlyfromsupermarketsbecauseshefeltitwasinacleanandsafeen

viro

nment.

Butnow,shehassecondthoughtsaboutbuyingthepopularsnack.

Ms.Gao,Shanghaishopper,said,“Ican’tbelievethatevensteamedbunsfromthesupermarketsarenolongersafe.TheonlyplacesItrustedtoshopatweremajorsupermarketsandspecialistshops.Butnoweventhere,productqualitycannotbeguaranteed.Ireallydon'tknowwheretobuymygoodsfrominthefuture.

Shoppersatsupermarketswhostillboughtsteamedbunssaidtheyhadfewoptions.“Ifeellikegivingupsupermarkets.ButIreallydon’tknowwheretodomyfoodshopping.Ican'tmakethesethingsmyself.”saidMs.Tang,Shanghaishopper.

1.ThecoloredbunsweresoldinsomelargesupermarketsEXCEPT______.

A.HualianB.LianhuaC.ShengluD.Dia

2.WhatMs.GaoandMs.Tangsaidsuggeststhat______.

A.theystilltrustmajorsupermarketswhenshopping

B.theywillmakefoodbythemselves

C.theywillnevergotosupermarkets

D.theyfeelconfusedaboutwheretobuysafefo

od

3.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.

A.choicesB.ideasC.hintsD.marks

4.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Majorsupermarketsremovedthedyedsteamedbuns.

B.Dyedsteamedbunsbroughtgreatlosstomajorsupermarkets.

C.Famoussupermarketsareinvolvedinthebunscandal.

D.Dyedbunscandalhurtsconsumers’confidence.

5.Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthepassage?

A.Inafashionmagazine.B.Inanewspaper.C.Inaguidelinebook.D.Inanofficialdocument.

参考答案CDADB

C7[2013·江苏卷]B

We'veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline：

hiringlinestanders,buyingticketsfromscalpers（票贩子），orpurchasingline－cuttingprivilegesdirectlyfrom，say，anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplacesthemoralsofthequeue（waitingyourturn）withthemoralsofthemarket（payingapriceforfasterservice）．

Marketsandqueues—payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocatingthings，andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue，“Firstcome,firstserved，”haveanegalitarian（平等主义的）appeal.Theytellustoignoreprivilege，power，anddeeppockets.

Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihavenodutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit'sthefirst.Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities，properlygovernedbydifferentstandards.

Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear，playedoverandover，asyouwaitonholdwhencallingyourbank：

“Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwasreceived.”Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It'sasifthecompanyistryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.

Butdon'ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople'scallsareansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto“score”incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrichplaces.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.

Ofcourse，marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Somegoodswedistributebymerit，othersbyneed，stillothersbychance.However，thetendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues，andothernon－marketwaysofallocatinggoodsissocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthatmostofthepaidqueue－jumpingschemeswe'veconsidered—atairportsandamusementparks，incallcenters，doctors'offices，andnationalparks—arerecentdevelopments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeuesintheseplacesmayseemanunusualconcern，butthesearenottheonlyplacesthatmarketshaveentered.

58．Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbytheprinciple“Firstcome，firstserved”？

A．Takingbuses.

B．Buyinghouses.

C．Flyingwithanairline.

D．Visitingamusementparks.

59．TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraphs4and5illustrates________．

A．thenecessityofpatienceinqueuing

B．theadvantageofmoderntechnology

C．theuncertaintyofallocationprinciple

D．thefairnessoftelephonicservices

60．Thepassageismeantto________．

A．justifypayingforfasterservices

B．discussthemoralsofallocatingthings

C．analyzethereasonforstandinginline

D．criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumping

【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述的是生活中购物买票等的插队问题。

作者通过举例、道理分析来解读道德和市场的平衡问题，要想得到快速的服务，就要额外付出更多的费用，由此对在道德和市场竞争之间产生的矛盾进行探讨。

58．A　推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Firstcome,firstserved…”和第三段“Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.”可知选A项。

59．C　细节判断题。

根据第四段“Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.”和第五段可知，有时分配的原则是不断变化的，也就是说分配原则的不确定性，故选C项。

60．B　作者意图题。

本文主要阐述了如何进行分配，讨论了基于分配原则的可变性的道德标准，故选B项。

AfewyearsagoIaskedmychildren’sgoverness,JuliaVassilyevna,tocomeintomystudy.

“Sitdown,JuliaVassilyevna,”Isaid.“Let’ssettleouraccounts.Althoughyoumos

tlikelyneedsomemoney,youstandonceremonyandwon’taskforityourself.Nowthen,weagreeonthirtyrublesamonth…”

“Forty.”

“No,thirty.Imadeanoteofit.Ialwayspaythegovernessthirty.Nowthen,you’vebeenheretwomonths,so…”

“Twomonthsandfivedays.”

“Exactlytwomonths.Imadeaspecificnoteofit.Thatmeansyouhavesixtyrublescomingtoyou.SubtractnineSundays…youknowyoudidn’tworkwithKolyaonSundays,youonlytookwalks.Andthreeholidays…”

JuliaVassilyevnaflushedadeepredandpickedattheflounceofherdress,but---notaword.

“Threeholidays,thereforetakeofftwelverubles.FourdaysKolyawassickandtherewerenolessons,asyouwereoccupiedonlywithVanya.Threedaysyouhadatoothacheandmywif

egaveyoupermissionnottoworkafterlunch.Twelveandseven---nineteen.Subtract…thatleaves…hmm…forty-onerubles.Correct?

”

JuliaVassilyena’slefteyereddenedandfilledwithmoisture.Herchintrembled;shecoughednervouslyandblewhernose,but---notaword.

“AroundNewYear’syoubrokeateacupandsaucer:

takeofftworubles.Thecupcostmore,itwasanheirloom,but---letitgo.Whendidn’tItakealoss?

Then,duetoyourneglect,Kolyaclimbedatreeandtorehisjacket:

takeofften.AlsoduetoyourheedlessnessthemaidstoleVanya’sshoes.Yououghttowatcheverything!

Yougetpaidforit.So,thatmeansfivemorerublesoff.ThetenthofJanuaryIgaveyoutenrubles…”

“Youdidn’t”whisperedJuliaVassilyevna.

“ButImadeanoteofit.”

“Well…allright.”

“Taketwenty-sevenfromforty-one---thatleavesfourteen.”

Botheyesfilledwithtears.Perspirationappearedonthethin,prettylittlenose.Poorgirl!

“OnlyoncewasIgivenanymoney,”shesaidinatremblingvoice,“andthatwasbyyourwife.Threerubles,nothingmore.”

“Really?

Youseenow,andIdidn’tmakeanoteof

it!

Takethreefromfourteen…leaveseleven.Here’syourmoney,mydear.Three,three,three,oneandone.Hereitis!

”

Ihandedherelevenrubles.Shetookthemandwithtremblingfingersstuffedthemintoherpocket.

“Merci,”shewhispered.

Ijumpedupandstartedpacingtheroom.Iwasovercomewithanger.

“Forwhat,this---‘merci’?

”Iasked.

“Forthemoney.”

“ButyouknowI’vecheatedyou,God’ssake---robbedyou!

Ihaveactuallystolenfromyou!

Whythis‘merci’?

”

“Inmyotherplacestheydidn’tgivemeanythingatall.”

“Theydidn’tgiveyouanything?

Nowonder!

Iplayedalittlejokeonyou,acruellesson,justtoteachyou…I’mgoingtogiveyoutheentireeightyrubles!

Heretheyareinanenvelopeallreadyforyou…Isitreallypossibletobesospineless?

Whydon’tyouprotest?

Whybesilent?

Isitpossibleinthisworldtobewithoutteethandclaws---tobesuchanincompoop?

”

ShesmiledcrookedlyandIreadinherexpression:

“Itispossible.”

Iaskedherpardonforthecruellessonand,tohergreatsurprise,gavehertheeightyrubles.Shemurmuredherlitter“merci”severaltimesandwentout.Ilookedafterherandthought:

“Howeasyitistocrushtheweakinthisworld!

”

16.WhentheemployercalledJuliaVassilyevnaintotalkwithhim,whathereallywantedtodowas_______

A.tosettletheiraccounts

B.tocriticizeherforneglectingherdutiesasagoverness.

C.toplayajokeonhersoastoamusehimself.

D.toteachhernottobesospineless.

17.TheemployermadeallthosecriticismsaboutJuliaVassiliyevna’sworkbecause__________

A.shehadneglectedherduties.

B.hewantedtopayheraslittlemoneyaspossible.

C.hewantedtomakeherrealizethat