英语学习金融英语词汇必备.docx

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英语学习金融英语词汇必备.docx

英语学习金融英语词汇必备

弃我去者,昨日之日不可留

乱我心者,今日之日多烦忧

 

Y

养老基金pensionfund

一刀切universalapplication;non-discretionaryimplementation

一级市场primarymarket

应收未收利息overdueinterest

银行网点bankingoutlets

赢利能力profitability

营业税businesstax

硬贷款(商业贷款)commercialloans

用地审批tograntlanduseright

有管理的浮动汇率managedfloatingexchangerate

证券投资portfolioinvestment

游资(热钱)hotmoney

有市场的产品marketableproducts

有效供给effectivesupply

诱发新一轮经济扩张triggeranewroundofeconomicexpansion

逾期贷款overdueloans;past-dueloans

与国际惯例接轨tobecomecompatiblewithinternationallyaccepted

与国际市场接轨tointegratewiththeworldmarket

预算外支出(收入)off-budget(extra-budgetary)expenditure(revenue)

预调pre-emptiveadjustment

月环比onamonth-on-monthbasis;onamonthlybasis

 

Z

再贷款centralbanklending

在国际金融机构储备头寸reservepositionininternationalfinancialinstitutions

在人行存款depositsat(with)thecentralbank

在途资金fundinfloat

增加农业投入toincreaseinvestmentinagriculture

增势减缓decelerationofgrowth;moderationofgrowthmomentum

增收节支措施revenue-enhancingandexpenditurecontrolmeasures

增长平稳steadygrowth

增值税value-addedtax(VAT)

涨幅偏高higher-than-desirablegrowthrate;excessivegrowth

账外账concealedaccounts

折旧depreciation

整顿retrenchment;consolidation

政策工具policyinstrument

政策性业务policy-relatedoperations

政策性银行policybanks

政策组合policymix

政府干预governmentintervention

证券交易清算settlementofsecuritiestransactions

证券业务占款fundingofsecuritiespurchase

支付困难paymentdifficulty

支付能力paymentcapacity

直接调控方式向toincreasetherelianceonindirectpolicyinstruments

间接调控方式转变职能转换transformationoffunctions

职业道德professionalethics

指令性措施mandatorymeasures

指令性计划mandatoryplan;administeredplan

制定和实施货币政策toconductmonetarypolicy;toformulateandimplementmonetarypolicy

滞后影响laggedeffect

中介机构intermediaries

中央与地方财政delineationoffiscalresponsibilities

分灶吃饭重点建设keyconstructionprojects;keyinvestmentproject

周期谷底bottom(trough)ofbusinesscycle

周转速度velocity

主办银行mainbank

主权风险sovereignrisk

注册资本registeredcapital

逐步到位tophasein;phasedimplementation

逐步取消tophaseout

抓大放小toseizethebigandfreethesmall(tomaintaincloseoversightonthelargestate-ownedenterprisesandsubjectsmalleronestomarketcompetition)

专款专用useoffundsasear-marked

转贷on-lending

转轨经济transitioneconomy

转机turnaround

转折关头turningpoint

准财政赤字quasi-fiscaldeficit

准货币quasi-money

资本不足under-capitalized

资本充足率capitaladequacyratio

资本利润率returnoncapital

资本账户可兑换capitalaccountconvertibility

资不抵债insolvent;insolvency

资产负债表balancesheet

资产负债率liability/assetratio;ratioofliabilitiestoassets

资产集中assetconcentration

资产贡献率assetcontributionfactor

资产利润率returnonassets(ROA)

资产质量assetquality

资产组合assetportfolio

资金成本costoffunding;costofcapital;financingcost

资金到位fullyfunded(project)

资金宽裕tohavesufficientfunds

资金利用率fundutilizationrate

资金缺口financinggap

资金体外循环financialdisintermediation

资金占压fundstiedup

自筹投资项目self-financedprojects

自有资金equityfund

综合国力overallnationalstrength(oftenmeasuredbyGDP)

综合效益指标overallefficiencyindicator

综合治理comprehensiveadjustment(retrenchment);over-haul

总成交额totalcontractvalue

总交易量totalamountoftransactions

总成本totalcost

最后贷款人lenderoflastresort

W

外部审计externalaudit

外国直接投资foreigndirectinvestment(FDI)

外汇储备foreignexchangereserves

外汇调剂foreignexchangeswap

外汇占款theRMBcounterpartofforeignexchangereserves;theRMBequivalentofoffcialforeignexchangeholdings

外向型经济export-orientedeconomy

外债externaldebt

外资企业foreign-fundedenterprises

完善现代企业制度toimprovethemodernenterprisesystem

完税凭证taxpaymentdocumentation

违法经营illegalbusiness

委托存款entrusteddeposits

稳步增长steadygrowth

稳健的银行系统asoundbankingsystem

稳中求进tomakeprogresswhileensuringstability

无纸交易book-entry(orpaperless/scriptless)transaction

物价监测pricemonitoring

 

X

吸纳流动性toabsorbliquidity

稀缺经济scarcityeconomy

洗钱moneylaundering

系统内调度fundallocationwithinabank

系统性金融危机systemicfinancialcrisis

下岗工人laid-offemployees

下游企业down-streamenterprises

现场稽核on-siteexamination

现金滞留(居民手中)cashheldoutsidethebankingsystem

乡镇企业townshipandvillageenterprises(TVEs)

消费物价指数consumerpriceindex(CPI)

消费税excise(consumption)tax

消灭财政赤字tobalancethebudget;toeliminatefiscaldeficit

销货款回笼reflowofcorporatesalesincometothebankingsystem

销售平淡lacklustersales

协议外资金额committedamountofforeigninvestment

新经济增长点newsourcesofeconomicgrowth

新开工项目newprojects;newlystartedprojects

新增贷款incrementalcredit;loanincrement;creditgrowth;creditexpansion

新增就业位置newjobs;newjobopportunities

信贷规模考核reviewthecompliancewithcreditceilings

信号失真distortedsignals

信托投资公司trustandinvestmentcompanies

信息不对称informationasymmetry

信息反馈feedback(information)

信息共享系统informationsharingsystem

信息披露informationdisclosure

信用扩张credirexpansion

信用评级creditrating

姓“资”还是姓“社”pertainingtosocialismorcapitalism;socialistorcaptialist

行政措施administrativemeasures

需求膨胀demandexpansion;excessivedemand

虚伪存款window-dressingdeposits

削减冗员toshedexcesslaborforce

寻租rentseeking

迅速反弹quickrebound

S

三角债chaindebts;inter-enterprisearrears

善政廉政goodgovernance

商业贷款commercialloans

上市公司(publicly)listedcorporations

设备利用capacityutilization

社会保障socialsafetynet;socialsecurity(insurance)

深层次矛盾deep-rootedstructuralimbalance

审批金融机构tolicensefinancialinstitutions

审慎监管prudentialsupervision

生产能力闲置unutilizedcapacity

生息资产interest-bearingassets

实际利用外资disbursementofforeigncapital;actualinflowofforeigninvestment

实际有效汇率realeffectiveexchangerate

实时realtime

实收资本paid-incapital

实现利润realizedprofit

市场分割marketsegmentation

市场经济marketeconomy

市场占有率(市场份额)marketshare

市场准入marketaccess(指商品和劳务的进入);marketentry(指机构的审批)

市价总值marketcapitalization

适度从紧appropriatelytight

适时调节timelyadjustment

收回对金融机构贷款torecallcentralbankloans(tofinancialinstitutions)

税后还贷amortization(repaymentofloans)aftertax

税收流失taxerosion

税源不足weaktaxbase

私营经济(私人经济)theprivatesector

私有制privateownership

所有者权益owner'sequity

 

T

逃税(请见“避税”)taxevasion

套汇

(1)指合法:

currencyswap;arbitrage

(2)指非法:

illegalpurchaseofforeignexchange

剔除季节性因素seasonallyadjusted

调节流动性toinfluenceliquiditylevel

贴现窗口discountwindow

同比onyear-on-yearbasis;overthesameperiodofthepreviousyear

同业拆借(放)inter-bankborrowing(lending)

同业拆借市场利率(中国)CHIBOR(Chinainter-bankofferedrate)

同业融通票据inter-bankfinancingbills

同业往来inter-banktransactions

透支overdraft

退税taxrefund(rebate)

头寸position

吞吐基础货币adjustmentofmonetarybase

脱媒现象disintermediation

Q

企业办社会enterprisesburdenedwithsocialresponsibilities

企业集团战略corporategroupstrategy

企业兼并重组companymergerandrestructuring

企业领导班子enterprisemanagement

企业所得税enterprise(corporate)incometax

企业效益corporateprofitability

企业资金违规流入股市irregularflowofenterprisefundsintothestockmarket

欠税taxarrears

欠息overdueinterest

强化税收征管tostrengthentaxadministration

强制措施enforcementaction

翘尾因素carryovereffect

切一刀partialapplication

清理收回贷款cleanupandrecoverloans

(破产)清算liquidation

倾斜政策preferentialpolicy

区别对待differentialtreatment

趋势加强intensifyingtrend

全球化globalization

权益回报率returnsonequity(ROE)

缺乏后劲unsustainablemomentum

 

R

绕规模贷款tocircumventcreditceiling

人均国内生产总值percapitaGDP

人均收入percapitaincome

人民币升值压力upwardpressureontheRenminbi(exchangerate)

认缴资本subscribedcapital

软贷款softloans

软预算约束softbudgetconstraint

软着陆softlanding

M

买方市场buyer'smarket

卖方市场seller'smarket

卖出回购证券matchedsaleofrepo

贸易差额tradebalance

民间信用non-institutionalizedcredit

免二减三exemptionofincometaxforthefirsttwoyearsofmakingprofitand50%taxreductionforthefollowingthreeyears

明补explicitsubsidy

明亏explicitloss

名牌产品brandproducts

母国(请见“东道国”)homecountry

 

N

内部控制internalcontrol

内部审计internalaudit

内地与香港themainlandandHongKong

内债domesticdebt

扭亏为盈toturnaloss-makingenterpriseintoaprofitableone

扭曲金融分配distortedallocationoffinancialresources

农副产品采购支出outlaysforagriculturalprocurement

农村信用社ruralcreditcooperatives(RCCs)

 

P

泡沫效应bubbleeffect

泡沫经济bubbleeconomy

培育新的经济增长点totapnewsourcesofeconomicgrowth

片面追求发展速度excessivepursuitofgrowth

平衡发展balanceddevelopment

瓶颈制约bottleneck(constraints)

平稳回升steadyrecovery

铺底流动资金initial(start-up)workingcapital

普遍回升broad-basedrecovery

配套改革concomitant(supporting)reforms

配套人民币资金localcurrencyfundingof…

K

开办人民币业务toengageinRMBbusiness

可维持(可持续)经济增长sustainableeconomicgrowth

可变成本variablecost

可自由兑换货币freelyconvertiblecurrency

控制现金投放controlcurrencyissuance

扣除物价因素inrealterms;oninflation-adjustedbasis

库存产品inventory

跨国银行业务cross-borderbanking

跨年度采购cross-yearprocurement

会计准则accountingstandard

 

L

来料加工processingofimportedmaterialsforexport

离岸银行业务off-shorebanking(business)

理顺外贸体制torationalizeforeigntraderegime

利率杠杆的调节作用theroleofinterestratesinresourceallocation

利润驱动profit-driven

利息回收率interestcollectionratio

联行清算inter-banksettlement

连锁企业franchise(businesses);chainbusinesses

良性循环virtuouscycle

两极分化growingincomedisparity;polarizationinincomedistribution

零售物价指数retailpriceindex(RPI)

流动性比例liquidityratio

流动资产周转率/流通速度velocityofliquidassets

流动资金贷款workingcapitalloans

流通体制distributionsystem

流通网络distributionnetwork

留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物)hirepurchase

垄断行业monopolizedindustry(sector)

乱集资irregular(illegal)fundraising

乱收费irregular(illegal)charges

乱摊派unjustified(arbitrary)levies

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