高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解.docx

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高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解.docx

高一英语必修三第一单元重要知识点讲解

Unit1

重要单词,词组讲解

1.mean的用法

WhatdoyoumeantodowithitIdidn’tmeantohurtyou.

1)meantodo意欲做

Thismeansstayingherelonger.

Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

2)meandoing意味着做

Heisnotmeantforateacherandwillalwaysbeunhappyintheschool.

Bemeantfor适合做

他说他不适合读书因为懒。

Hesayshe_________________astudentforhislaziness.

这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。

Failingthisexam___________________anotherone.

我并不是故意迟到的。

Ididn’t____________belateforschool.

2.celebratevt.

(1)庆祝;祝贺

celebrateChristmas/one’sbirthday/avictory(成功)

(2)赞扬;称颂

Thenamesofmanyheroesarecelebratedbythepoets.

词语辨析:

celebrate,congratulate

celebrate后常接日期,事情或场合

congratulate后常接人

表示为某事而祝贺某人congratulatesb.on/uponsth.

ex:

congratulateyouonyourmarriage.

有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。

ex:

Icongratulatedmyselfonmyescapefrombeingpunished.

3.英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物,不用于被动语态。

主语为所发生的事。

词语辨析:

takeplace,happen,occur,comeabout,breakout的比较

1)Theweddingwilltakeplacetomorrow.

2)In1919,theMay4thMovementtookplaceinChina.

takeplace发生,举行;侧重安排或计划而发生的事,带有“非偶然”的意思

3)Whathashappenedtoher碰巧,恰好

happen“发生”,普通用词,含义很广。

常指具体客观事物或情况的发生,含有“偶然”的意味。

当以具体事物、事件作主语时,happen和occur可以换用;但当happen用作“碰巧”之意时,不能用occur代替,但可以与comeabout互换。

4)Ithappenedtorainthatday.

5)ThetrafficaccidentoccurredonWednesday.

occur“发生,出现”,较正式用词,指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然浮在心头。

occurto有“想起”的意思。

6)TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin1939.

breakout(火灾、战争、疾病)突然发生、爆发

7)Howdoesitcomeaboutthatyouwerecaughtbythepolice

comeabout“发生”,往往注重事情发生的原因。

且很多时候与how连用。

与happen用法较接近

用takeplace,happen和comeabout的正确形式填空

1.TheMay4thMovement_____________in1919.

2.Ifanything___________tothemachine,letmeknowatonce.

3.Theopeningdayoftheplay___________tomorrownight.

4.Canyoutellmehowit___________

4.starve:

vt.使饿死

vi.饿得要死starvetodeath

bestarvedof/starvefor:

渴望

她很寂寞,渴望友谊:

Sheislonely,starvingforfriendship.

Themotherlesschildrenwerestarvedof/werestarvingforaffection.渴望母爱

他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死。

他们正急需一大笔钱来完成工作。

Theygotlostinthedesertand____________________.

Theyare_____________asumofmoneytofinishtheirwork.

n.starvation

饿死:

dieof____________

5.ayear/dayofplenty富裕/丰收的年月

days/yearsofplenty

——Havewegotenoughapples

——Yes,thereareplentyinthebasket.

plentyof+复数n/不可数n

plentyofeggs/food/milk…足够的…

6.honour

1)光荣,荣誉(n)

Theyfightforthehonourofthecountry.

Onemustshowhonourtoone’sparents.

2)inhonourof为了纪念

Afestivalissetinhonourofthehero.

3)anhounour光荣的人或事情

LiuXiangisanhonourtoourcountry.

4)尊敬,给以荣誉(v)

Childrenshouldhonourtheirparents.

7.satisfyVt.Vi.使满意,使满足

Nothingcansatisfyhimexceptthebest.

Somepeoplearereallyhardtosatisfy.

satisfiedwith对…满意

.She’snotsatisfiedwithhernewhouse.

令人满意的:

satisfying,satisfactory

满意:

satisfaction

8.pleaseVt使愉快,取悦…

Itisdifficulttopleaseeverybody.

Ouraimistopleasethecustomers.

pleased(人)高兴的…愉快的

Pleasing(物)令人愉快的

pleasant(物)好听的,令人舒服的

pleasure高兴的事情

听到她悦耳的声音我们很高兴.

Weare_________tohearher___________voice.Itissucha___________tous.

Iwasvery_________tohearthenews.

Thenewswasvery___________tous.

9.harmn损害,伤害

.Hemeantnoharmtoyou.

(Hedidn’tintendtohurtyou.)

dosbharm=doharmtosb=harmsb

Theeventshasharmedtherelationsbetweenthetwocountries.

10.Theyofferfood,flowersandgift….

词语辨析:

offer,provide,supply

offer主动提供。

offersthtosb;offersbsth

provide供给(所需物,尤指生活必需品)。

providesth(forsb);providesbwithsth.

supply:

供应(所需要或所要求之物)。

supplysthtosb;supplysbwithsth

WhenImeetdifficulty,myroommateswill_____mehelp.

他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。

They_______arewardforthereturnofthelostjewels.

政府得提供这些老人们吃穿。

Thegovernmentneedto_________theseoldpeoplewithfoodandclothes.

每个月都得供应足够的电。

Electricityshouldbe_________enougheverymonth.

11.inmemoryof=tothememoryofsb

Themuseumwasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.

inhonorofinchargeof

insearchofsb./sth.

12.dressup盛装打扮,化装打扮

Youdon’thavetodressup.Comeasyouare.

ChildrenlovedressingupinHalloween.

dressoneself给某人自己穿衣

dresssb给某人穿衣服

你认识穿着白色裙子的那个女孩吗

Doyouknowthegirlwhoisdressedinawhiteskirt

Doyouknowthegirlwhoiswearingawhiteskirt

Doyouknowthegirlwhohasonawhiteskirt

选词填空:

weardresshaveonputon

1.Mydaughterisnowabletoherself.

2.Mr.WualwaysabluecoatinWinter.

Wangawhiteshirttoday.

liketomyhatwhenIgooutinWinter.

13.award

n.奖品,奖项,奖金,助学金……

Sheshowedustheawardsshehadwon.

Marygotanawardandwasabletofinishherstudy.

vt.授予……裁定……

awardsbsth=awardsthtosb

Thejudgesawardedbothteamsequalpoints.

reward回报,报酬

他因为努力学习而受奖。

他用100块钱酬谢这个工人。

He______________forstudyinghard.

He____________theworkerwith100yuan.

14.admiresb/sth(for…)

钦佩,羡慕

Theyadmiredourgarden.

Iadmirehimforhissuccessinbusiness.

我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。

Weall________________hiscourageandbravery.

admiration名词admirable形容词

15.lookforwardto(介词)+n/v-ing盼望,期待

I’mlookingforwardtohiscoming.

以下短语中的to也为介词,后面加doing,而不是do

payattentionto注意devote…to致力于

preferto更加喜欢getdownto开始做

beusedto习惯于

--ward向着…方向

backward向后

forward向前

16.asthough=asif好像,仿佛

1.虚拟语气(从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态.)

Hebehavedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.

Hetalksasif/thoughhekneweverything.

Helooksasifhewereill.

2.陈述语气(表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气,)

Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorain.

1.)他向我招手好像有事情告诉我。

Hewavedtomeasiftotellmesomething.

2.)这女孩环顾四周好像在找什么东西。

Thegirllookedaroundasifinsearchofsomething.

3.)他说起来好像他是一个专家似的。

Hetalksasifhe____anexpert.

4.)他英语讲得很流利,就像在英国学的一样。

HespokeEnglishsofluentlyasifhe______itinEngland.

5.)看起来我们对要赢了。

Itlooksasifourteam_______________.

17.turnup

1)appear出现,露面

他到目前还没有出现。

He__________________sofar.

你总是迟到!

(做事慢慢吞吞的)

You’realways__________lateforeverything!

2)调大声音,把...开大点儿

请把火调大一点。

Please_________thefire.

相关短语:

turndown关小,拒绝

turnoff关掉

turnon打开

turnout结果是

turntosb.forhelp向某人求助

18.keepone’sword守信用,遵守诺言

breakone’sword违背诺言

inaword简言之

inotherwords换句话说

haveawordwithsb.与某人交谈

havewordswithsb.(aboutsth.)关于某事与某人争吵

我想和你谈一下。

I’dliketo___________withyou.

Agentlemanshouldalways__his__.

A.keeps;word

B.keep;word

C.keeps;words

D.keep;words

19.holdone’sbreath屏息

当那个女孩看到那条蛇的时候,她屏住呼吸。

Thegirl_____________atthesightofthesnake.

takebreath呼吸

loseone’sbreath=beoutofbreath喘不过气来

breathev.breathn.

Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,wewerenearly_________.

•A.underourbreathB.lostourbreath

•C.caughtourbreathD.outofbreath

20.apologize道歉

apologizetosbfor(doing)sth

=saysorrytosbfordoingsth

你必须为你的粗鲁行为向老师道歉。

Youmustapologize_______theteacher________beingsorude.

apologyn.

makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth.

21.drown(drowned,drowned)浸、泡,淹没,淹死

洪水淹没了街道和房子。

Thefloods___________thestreetsandhouses.

借…消愁

drownone’ssorrow/sadnessin…

drownone’ssorrow/sadnessincoffee

Franktriedtosavethe___________girlintheriver,butunfortunatelyhewas_______.

A.drowned;drowningB.drowning;drowned

C.drowned;drownedD.drowning;drowning

22.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...

obviousadj.明显的,清楚的

▲It+be+obvious+that-clause

Itwasobviousthatshewasindanger.

23.wipe(wiped,wiped)

  Vt擦,擦去

•wipeoff 抹掉,擦掉

•wipeup 擦干净,歼灭

Thestudentsonduty____________theblackboardduringbreak.

A.WipedthewordsoffB.washed

C.CleanedD.AandC

cleantheblackboard

wipethewordsofftheblackboard

24.remindsb.ofsth提醒某人某事

remindsb.todosth

remindsb.that…

1)他提醒我那个承诺。

Heremindedmeofmypromise.

2)他提醒我要早起。

Heremindedmetogetupearly.

3)他提醒我本应该小心点。

HeremindedthatIshouldhavebeenmorecareful.

25.AsLiFangsetoffforhome,hethought...

setoff:

动身,出发;(侧重去某一个地方);使(地雷、炸弹)爆炸;

TomandhisfathersetoffforAmericayesterday.

Thebombsetoffamongthecrowd.

相关短语:

setaboutdoingsth.

= setouttodosth着手(做某事)

26.用custom,practice和habit

1)Ihavethe_______ofgettingupearly.

2)Itisthe________fortheJapanesetotakeofftheirshoeswhentheygetintoahall.

3)Social___________differfromcountrytocountry.

4)Hemakesa_________ofcheatingatexaminations.

5)Weshouldpay_______whenweimportfromabroad.

#.custom指传统风俗、习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接不定式。

#.practice习俗,惯例;与custom近义,但含贬义。

makeapracticeof…惯常做某事。

#.habit生活习惯,后接ofdoing,不可接不定式。

选词填空:

worldwide/permission/apologize/drown/sadness/wipe/weep/forgive/obvious/turnup/keepone’sword/holdone’sbreath/setoff/remind…of…

1)Youshouldn’ttellsuchlies.

2)Theyenteredtheareawithout.

3)Thepoormanishissorrows.

4)Hisfameis.

5)Themanshouldtoyouforknockingyoudown.

6)Hecan’thimselffornotseeinghismotherbeforeshedied.

7)Heisalwayswaitingforsomethingto.

8)Thechildrenarefireworksinthegarden.

9)Youmaydependonwhathesays,forheisapersonwhoalways.

10)Theracewassoclosethateveryonewasatthefinish.

11)ThefilmhimwhathehadseeninChina.

选用下列单词的正确形式填空:

ancestorbeliefgatheragriculturaladmire

awardstarvemean

1.Shehasbeena_______ascholarshiptostudyatHarvard.

2.Thea_______ofwhomIamproudestismygreatgrandfather.

3.Whenaboyleavescollegeandbeginstoearnmoney,hecanlivealifeofi____________.

4.Darkcloudswereg________inthesky.Heavyrainw

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