轮机英语新版教材添加内容.docx

轮机英语新版教材添加内容.docx

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轮机英语新版教材添加内容

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A1£®Whenashipinloadedconditionfloatsatarbitrarywaterline,itsdisplacementis___totherelevantmassofwaterdisplacedbytheship.

A.equalB.largerC.smallerD.equivalent

B2£®Thedisplacementofashipis___tothetotalweight,alltold,oftherelevantloadedship.

A.largerB.equalC.smallerD.equivalent

B3.Whichoneistrue?

A.Twomainareasofskillareinvolvedintheconstructionofship.

B.Therearedistinctdivisionsinresponsibilitiesbetweennavalarchitectsandmarineengineers.

C.Eachshipwillassumevaryingproportionsaccordingtoitstype.

D.Shipscanbedividedintodifferentcategoriesfromdifferentperspectives.

D4.Whyagearboxisneededinashipdrivenbyamedium-speeddieselengine?

A.Toreducethemainenginespeed.

B.Toincreasethemainenginespeed.

C.Togovernthemainenginespeed.

D.Tofixthepropellershaft.

B5.Apropeller,inordertooperateefficiently,mustrotateatarelatively___speed.

A.highB.lowC.fastD.lowly

D6.Inadieselengine,________offerstheheatenergydirectly;________worksasworkingmediumandchangestheheatenergytomechanicalenergy.

A.theburningofthefuel;mediumshaftB.fuelspray;freshair

C.fuel;fuelsprayD.theburningofthefuel,theburnedgasmixture

B7.Inadieselengine,________worksasworkingmediumandchangestheheatenergytomechanicalenergy,___________changesthereciprocatingmovementtorotarymoment.

A.fuelspray;theburningofthefuelB.theburnedgasmixture;connectingrod

C.mediumshaft;crankshaftD.theburnedgasmixture;pistonrod

D8.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenatwo-strokeengineandafour-strokeengineis,_________.

A.atwo-strokeengineworkswithoutexhaustoperation

B.atwo-strokeengineworkswithoutcompressionstroke

C.atwo-strokeengineworkswithoutexpansionstroke

D.atwo-strokeengineworkswithoutsuctionoperation

D9.Oneofthedifferencesbetweenatwo-strokeengineandafour-strokeengineis,_________.

A.atwo-strokeenginecan¡¯tworkwithoutcylinders

B.atwo-strokeenginecan¡¯tworkwithoutpiston

C.atwo-strokeenginecan¡¯tworkwithoutcrankshaft

D.atwo-strokeenginecan¡¯tworkwithoutablower

C10.Inadieselengine,withthefuelisinjectedintothecylinder,________________.

A.thepistonisjustcomingupwardfromthebottomdeadcenter.

B.thepistonhasmovedaboutone-fifthoftheup.

C.thepistonhasmovedmostofthewayupandalmostreachedtheTDC.

D.thepistonhasjustpasttheTDC.

B11.___________isthemainreasonthatreducesthepoweradvantageofatwo-stokeengineoverasamesizefour-strokeonetoabout_________.

A.Inefficientscavenging;twice

B.Inefficientscavenging;1.8times

C.Fewerstrokesinacircle;twice

D.Fewerstrokesinacircle;1.8times

A12.Iftheengineisnaturallyaspirated,orisasmallhigh-speedtypewithacentrifugalturbocharger,theperiodofvalveoverlap,i.e.whenbothvalvesare____,willbe_____,andtheexhaustvalvewillclosesome10¡ã______topdeadcanter.

A.open;short;afterB.closed;short;after

C.open;long;beforeD;closed;long;before

A13.Inatwo-strokeengine,therearealwaysaseriesofopeningsknownas________,andinsomecircumstances,therearealsoopeningsknownas_________,inthepartofthecylinderlinerinsidethescavengingairbox.

A.scavengingairports;exhaustportsB.inletports;scavengingairports;

C.scavengingairports;inletportsD.exhaustports;inletpots

A14.Insometypeoftwo-strokeengines,besidessomesmallholesfor______,startingvalve,safetyvalve,indicatorcock,andsoon,thereisalargecentralopeningineachcylindercoverformountingthe_________.

A.fuelvalves;exhaustvalveB.exhaustvalve;inletvalve

C.fuelvalves;inletvalveD.exhaustvalve;fuelvalve

C15.Inatwo-strokeengine,thepistonconsistsofalowerpart,whichinnamedas______andusuallymadeof_______,andaupperpart,whichisreferredtoas______andmadeof______.

A.low-half,castiron;top-half,heat-resistantsteel

B.low-half,aluminum;top-half,stainlesssteel

C.pistonskirt;castiron;pistoncrown;heat-resistantsteel

D.pistonskirt;aluminum;pistoncrown;stainlesssteel

B16.Inordertokeeptheoilfilmonthecylinderlinerduringtherunning-inperiod,thepistonringareslightlyrounded__________________.

A.onboththeexternalandinternaltopedges

B.onboththeexternaltopandbottomedges

C.onboththeexternalandinternalbottomedges

D.onallthefouredges

D17.Inordertocontrolthermalstresses,sometypesofmodernenginesusepistonwith_________.

A.heavywallandintensivecoolingB.heavywallandnocooling

C.thinwallandnocoolingD.thinwallandintensivecooling

A18.Inordertoimprovetheworkingconditionsofthecrossheadbearing,thebearingpressureismade______andtheperipheralspeedismade______inlaterdesigns.

A.smaller,higherB.higher,smaller

C.smaller,smallerD.higher,higher

B19.Whentheheavyfueloilisheatedtoachievetheviscosityof10-15cSt,______mayoccur.Toavoidthis,a_________systemisusedinmostoccasions.

A.boilingandcavitations;lowtemperatureB.boilingandcavitations;pressurized

C.leakingandboiling;lowtemperatureD.leakingandboiling;pressurized

D20.Thefuelfromthebunkertanksmustbetreatedby______beforeenteringtheservicetanks,fromwherethefuelenters_________.

A.centrifugalseparators;theenginecylinder

B.oilywaterseparators;theenginecylinder

C.oilywaterseparators;thefuelsupplysystem

D.centrifuges;thefuelsupplysystem

A21.Afull-flow50¦Ìmfilterisinstalled_________,sotheinjectionsystemcomponentsonthemainenginearesafeguarded.

A.asclosetothemainengineaspossible

B.asclosetothemainpumpaspossible

C.justbeforethefuelvalve

D.justbeforetheboosterpump

B22.Theboosterpump,whichsuppliesdieseloilto_________,shouldhaveapossibilityofbeingpoweredbycompressedairorbyemergencypower.

A.themainenginesB.theauxiliaryengines

C.theemergencygeneratorengineD.theauxiliaryenginesandthemainengine（s）

D23.______isharmfulforfuelpumps,fuelvalves,cylinderliner,exhaustvalveseats,andtheturbochargerbladesaswell.

A.BedcombustionofthefuelB.Bedatomizationofthefuel

C.LiquidcontaminantsD.Solidcontaminants

B24.Asanalternativetotheconventionalseawatercoolingsystem,_________isbasedon_______principlesaboutcoolerlocations,flowcontrolandpreheating,butwithacentralcoolerandoneadditionalsetofpumps.

A.thecentralcoolingsystem,different

B.thecentralcoolingsystem,thesame

C.theopeningcoolingsystem,different

D.theopeningcoolingsystem,thesame

D25.Analarmdeviceinsertedbetweenthedeaeratingtankandtheexpansiontankcannotifytheon-watchingcrewthat_____________.

A.theexpansiontankinlackofwater

B.theexpansiontankisoverflowing

C.thereissomethingwrongwithcoolingsystem

D.thereissomethingwrongwiththeengine

D26.The___________coolingsystemneedsleastmaintenanceworkfor__________inthiskindofsystem.

A.open,theminimumcomponents

B.open,thehighcoolingefficiency

C.central,theremorecoolersandaextrasetofpumps

D.central,thereisonlyonecomponentcontactsseawater

B27.Aboutthejacketwater,thatoftheauxiliaryenginesusuallyiscirculatedby_________pumps,

Andthemainengineusually___________.

A.anengine-driven,aswell

B.anengine-driven,hasanindependentpump

C.anindependent,adwell

D.anindependent,hasanengine-drivenpump

B28.Inordertomaintainaconstantoutletwatertemperatureof80¡ª85fromtheengine,a

Three¨Cwayvalveisinstalled___________.

A.atthejacketcooleroutlettocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine

B.atthejacketcooleroutlettocontrolthefluxthroughthecooler

C.attheengineoutlettocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine

D.attheengineinletttocontrolthefluxthroughtheengine

C29.Inmoderninstallations,themainengineandthestandbyauxiliaryengines___________

A.canbestartedatlowtemperatureandarefreefrompreheating

B.usuallyarepreheatedbysteambeforebeingstarted

C.arekeptataconstanttemperatureandfreefrompreheating

D.arekeptatalowtemperaturetosaveengine

C30.Amarinedieselengineisstartedby_____________

A.supplyinghighpressureoilintoahydraulicmotor

B.supplyinghightemperatureairintothecylinder

C.supplyinghighpressureairintothecylinder

D.electricaligniting

C31.Thestaringairsystemofanengineonboardusuallyhasinterlocksinto____________

A.ensureasuccessfulshuttingdownatemergencyconditions

B.ensureasuccessfulstartingatemergencyconditions

C.preventtheenginefromstartingatsomeabnormalconditions

D.preventtheenginefromstartingatemergencyconditions

A32.Inthestartingsystem,theautomaticvalveiscontrolledby________,andthecylinderstartvalvesarecontrolledby_________.

A.pilotair;pilotairB.handle;solenoidC.handle,pilotaircomingthroughthedistributorD.solenoid;pilotaircomingthroughthedistributor

B33.Thestartingairenteringthecylinderbeginswhenthepiston_________.

A.hasnearlycometoTDCB.hasjustpasttheTDC

C.hasnearlycometoBDCD.hasjustpasttheBDC

C34.Whenstartinganengine,thecompressedairentersthecylinderwhenthecorrespondingpistonisinpositionofits_________.

A.suctionstrokeB.compressionstroke

C.powerstrokeD.exhauststroke

A35.Whenanengineisstartingandhasgota