专8 改错.docx
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专8改错
(1)
WeAmericansareincrediblelazy.Insteadof__1__
Cookingasimple,nourishingmeal,wepopafreezing__2__
dinnerintotheoven.Insteadofstudyingdaily__3__
newspaper,wearecontentedwiththecapsulesummaries
onthenetworknews.Worseofall,instead__4__
ofwalkingevenlyafewblockstothelocal__5__
conveniencestore,wejumpintoourcar.This__6__
independenceontheautomobile,evenforshort__7__
trips,haverobbedusofavaluableexperience-__8__
walking.Ifwedrovelessandwalkedless,we__9__
wouldsavemoney,andbecomehealthier,anddiscover__10__
fascinatingthingsaboutoursurroundings.
答案:
1.incredible改为incredibly。
需要副词来修饰形容词lazy
2.freezing改为frozen。
freezing指的是“极冷的”,而frozen指的是“冷冻的,冷冻过的”
3.studying后加a或者把newspaper改为newspapers。
中心词是可数名词,它或者以单数形式出现,前面加限定词a,或者以复数形式出现。
4.Worse改为Worst。
“ofall”之前需要搭配最高级,表示“其中最…….的”
5.evenly改为even。
evenly是副词,表示“平均地,均匀地”考试大
6.car改为cars。
据上下文判断,这里泛指美国人跳进自己的车,而不是统统跳进一辆车,故应该为复数cars
7.independence改为dependence
8.have改为has
9.第二个less改为more
10.去掉第一个and。
多个并列位于在最末一位前加and
(2)
Thetermbiologicalclockisappliedtothemeanswhichliving__1__
thingsadjusttheiractivitypatterns,withoutanyobviouscue,the__2__
timeofday,orthemonth,ortheyear.Theyareaffectedbutlittle,ifatall,
bydrugs,chemicals,orwidetemperaturedifferences—factorsmayalter
substantiallytheratesofallordinaryprocessesof__3__thebody.
Thenatureofthebiologicalclocksmechanismisstillamystery__4__
twoquitedifferenttheorieshavebeenadvancedtoaccountto__5__
them.Accordingtothefirstofthesetheories,eachindividualhaveenvolved,
aidedbynaturalselection,anadaptationtotherhythmic__6__environment.
Ithasnowbecomeindependentontheenvironment__7__
accordingtothisview,theclocksarenotperfecttimers.
Theyrequireregularcorrectionsbythenaturallightandtidecycles
andthechangedlengthsofthedaythroughouttheyear.__8__
Theothertheoryholdsuplivingthingsreactcontinuouslyto__9__
theirrhythmicphysicalenvironment.Thesettingoftheirbiologicalclocks,
therefore,involvesaconstantadjustmenttosubtleclockswhicharepotentialperfecttimes.__10__
答案
1.^which—by。
bythemeansof指“通过……方式”,如果吧means作为先行词,后面定语从句就要有by,这句话意思是“生物钟指的是生物调节其行为的方式”。
2.^thetime–to。
adjustAtoB指A适应B,这句指“在没有任何提示的情况下,是自己的行为方式适应外界的时间”。
3.factors^--which/that。
这是一个定语从句,修饰factors,which/that做主语不能省略。
4.clocks—clock’s
5.to(第二个)--for。
accountfor意思是explain,为固定词组。
6.^an—as。
这句话意思是“这些是由于对规律环境的适应进化而来的”。
7.on—of。
beindependentof意思是“独立于……,不依赖……”
8.changed—changing。
文章要表达的是“变化着的长度”,应该用现在分词。
9.up去掉或者将up改为that。
hold本身就有“持……观点”的意思。
10.potential—potentially
(3)
WhenIdecidedtoreturnbacktoschoolatthe__1__
ageofthirty-five,Iwasn’tatallworriedformy__2__
abilitytodothework.Afterall,Iwasagrownwoman
whohasraisedafamily,notaconfused__3__
teenagerfreshlyoutofschool.ButwhenI__4__
startedclasses,Irealizedthatthose“confusedteenagers”
whosittingaroundmewerein__5__
morebettershapeforcollegethanIwas.Theystill__6__
hadalltheirclassroomsskillsinbright,shiny__7__
condition,whileminegrownrustyfromdisuse.I__8__
hadtotallyforgottenhowtolocateinformationin
alibrary,whattowriteareport,__9__
orevenhowtospeakupinclassdiscussion.__10__
答案:
1.去掉back。
return本身就相当于back或goback,此处back意义重复
2.for改为about。
worryabout是固定词组,表示“为……担心”,而worryfor后加人时表示“为某人担心”
3.has改为had。
定语从句中时态应与主句一致
4.freshly改为fresh。
freshoutofschool作后置定语修饰teenager。
freshly只有与过去分词连用时才表示recently
5.去掉who或将sitting改为sat
6.more改为much。
修饰强调比较级better
7.classrooms改为classroom。
classroom在此处是名词作定语修饰skill,不能用复数
8.mine后加had。
过去分词grown不能单独作谓语,并且需要表示出在过去的过去“我的技能早已生锈”
9.what改为how。
write后已有宾语,应用how表示方式
10or改为and
Manyofthehomeelectricgoodswhichareadvertisedasliberating
themodernwomentendtohavetheoppositeeffect,sotheysimply__1__
changethenatureofworkinsteadofelimintingit.Machineshaveacertain
novelty value,astoysforadults.Itiscertainlyless__2__
tiredtoputclothesinawashingmachine,butthetimesaveddoes__3__
notreallyamounttoomuch:
themachinehastobewatched,the__4__
clotheshavetobecarefullysortedout,stainsremovedbyhand,waterchanged,
clothestakenout,airedandironed.Itwouldbemoreliberal
topackitallofftoalaundaryandnotnecessarily__5__
moreexpensive,sincenocapitalinvestmentisrequired.
Nevertheless,ifyoureallywanttosavetimeyoudonotmake__6__
cakeswithanelectricmixer,youbuyoneinashop.Ifonecompares
theimageofthewomaninthewomen'smagazinetothegoodsadvertised__7__
bythoseperiodicals,onerealizeshowusefulaprojectedimagecanbecommercially.
Acarefulbalancehastobestruck:
ifyoushowalabor-savingdevice,
followitupwithacomplexrecipeonthenextpage;on__8__
anyaccounthintatthenotionthatawomancouldgetherselfa__9__
job,butinsteadfosterhersenseofherownusefulness,emphasize__10__
thecreativeaspectofherfuntionasahousewife.
答案:
1.so--because.第一句话里两个分句之间的关系应该是主句为结果,从句为原因,所以so改为because。
2.as--like.当as做介词使用时往往表示“作为,当作”,而这里的意思是“像……”,所以应改为like,因为当like作介词用时,表示“像……”。
3.tired--tiring.tired形容人,表示“累了”,如果说某物使人累,应用tiring。
4.too--to.这里amount应和介词to组成词组表示“达到(多少)”,考试大如:
Thatplanwillneveramounttoanything.
5.liberal--liberating.liberal的含义是“自由的,解放的,大方的”,含义不贴切,应换成liberating,意思是“将(某人)解放了的”。
6.Nevertheless--Similary/Likewise.这里上下句的关系式并列的,平行的,不能用nevertheless引导,应换成Similarly或者Likewise。
7.to--with.compare...to...的意思是“将……比作……”,有比喻的含义,人这里是“把……和……相比较”。
plex--complicated.complex的意思是“(由于有许多关联部分组成,所以某结构)很复杂”。
9.any--no.由于后面有but,所以这里应把any换成no,表示“无论如何不能……”。
10.^emphasize--and;emphasize--emphasizing.emphasize分句和foster分句如果是并列的话,应该加上一个连词,不能仅用逗号连接,或者把emphasize变成-ing形式构成分句修饰foster分句。
Changesinthewaypeoplelivebringaboutchangesinthejobsthattheydo.
Moreandmorepeopleliveintownsandcitiesinsteadonfarmsandinvillages.
Citiesandstateshavetoprovide__1__
servicescitypeoplewant,suchlikemorepoliceprotection,more__2__
hospitals,andmoreschools.Thismeansthatmorepolicemen,
morenursesandtechnicians,andmoreteachersmustbehired.
Advancesintechnologyhasalsochangedpeople'slives.__3__
Dishwashersandwashingmachinesdojobsthatwereoncedonebythehand.
Thewidespreaduseofsuchelectricalappliances__4__
meansthatthereisaneedforservicementokeepitrunningproperly.__5__
Peopleareearninghigherwagesandsalaries.Thisleads__6__
changesinthewayoflife.Asincomegoesdown,peoplemaynot__7__
wantmorefoodtoeatormoreclothestowear.Buttheymaywantmore
andbettercarefromdoctors,dentistsandhospitals.
TheyarelikelytotravelmoreandtowantmoreeducationNevertheless,
manymorejobsareavailableintheseservices.__8__
Thegovernmentalsoaffectsthekindofworkspeopledo.__9__.
Thegovernmentsofmostcountriesspendhugesumsofmoney
forinternationaldefense.Theyhirethousandsofengineers,__10__
scientists,clerks,typistsandsecretariestoworkonthemanydifferentaspectsofdefense.
答案:
1.(instead)on---ofinsteadof固定搭配,代替
2.like---assuchas固定搭配,例如
3.has---have主语为Advances,故谓语应使用复数
4.the---/byhand固定搭配用手;eg:
Apotterismakingpotterybyhand
5.it---themthem指代appliances,为复数,故不能使用it
6.leads---causes或在leads后面加上toleadto和cause都有“导致”的含义
7.down---up居上下文应为工资上涨,所以用goup
8.Nevertheless---Therefore据逻辑关系,应为顺承
9.works---work/job/jobswork变复数应做“著作,作品”解
10.international---nationalnationaldefense意为“国防”
Before1973,abortionwasillegalinAmericaunlessthewoman's healthwasthreatened.InMarchof1970,JaneRoe,asinglewoman,institutedthisfederalactionagainsttheDistrictAttorneyofthecountry.Theoriginalideawasthatwomenwho trulydidnotwantababyshouldnothavetohaveit.__1__Sincepregnacymaybeablessedactwhenplannedorwanted,__2__forcedpregnacy,likeanyforcebodilyinvasion,isanathemato Americanvaluesandtraditions.AslegalizedabortionhasbecomeaneverydaypartofAmericanlife,adifferentsidetoithas emergedout.__3__Wherewomenoncewereabortingbecausetheydidnotwanta child,thereasonsbeinggivennowwerebecomingverydifferent.__4__Abortionhasturnedintosomethingthatwomenarebeingcoerced fromboyfriends'husbands'unwillingtobefathers,outoffear__5__ofthefinancialpressure,outofthepanicfromlosingtheirjobs,outofpanicfromhavingtoquittheschool,orbecoming__6__homeless,oroutoffearoftheirparentskickingthemoutintothestreet.Abrotionforthesereasonscanleadtoproblemswhichdevelop whenawomanisunabletogetroundheremotionalresponses__7__fromthetraumaofanabortion.Therearewomenwhoabortanddosocompletelyofherownfreewill.Thesewomenhaveno__8__regrets,noremorse,butarehappytheyhadthischoiceavailble.__9__Butagrowingnumberofwomenarespeakingupabouthowabortion effectedthemadversely.__10__
答案:
1.it--one。
it和one用来指代时,it通常用于特指,one通常用于类指。
结合上下文,此处应当指代前文的ababy,是类指,所以应当用one。
2.Since--While。
这里考的是根据上下文的逻辑关系判断连接词的使用。
前后两个分句是对比pregnancy和forcedpregnancy这两个方面,所以应该选用表示对比的连用词while。
3.out--/。
emerge一词后面不要受到中文的影响加上out;但是可以说comeout。
emerge可以和介词from搭配,表示“从……中浮现出来”。
4.were--are。
虽然这一句从句中是过去时态,但是主句中谈的是“现在”的情况,所以应当用现在时态。
5.^from--into。
动词coerce要和介词into搭配。
coercesomebodyintosomething,意思是“胁迫某人做某事”。
6.the--/。
school前带定冠词时通常是特指,不带冠词通常是类指。
这里说“辍学”,应当是类指,所以不能带定冠词。
7.round--through。
getthrough