北京大学16秋季 36081003大学英语3第五组.docx

北京大学16秋季 36081003大学英语3第五组.docx

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北京大学16秋季36081003大学英语3第五组

一、阅读理解（共10题，每题2分，共20分）

请阅读以下文章，回答文章后的五个小题。

每个小题只有一个最佳选项。

1）.

Asanymiddle-classparentknows,unpaidworkexperiencecangiveyoungstersavaluableintroductiontoasecurejob.Thegovernmenthasrecognizedittoo,abandoningrulesin2011thathadformerlystopped16-to24-year-oldsfromdoingunpaidworkwhileclaimingunemploymentbenefit.Butmovingfromthattoforcingthemtoworkwithoutpayinordertocollectthesebenefitshasprovedabigstep.

MorethanonemillionyoungpeopleinBritainareunemployed,thehighestnumbersincethemid-1980s.Keenbothtocutthewelfarebillandtoavoidthedepressedfuturewagesthatmayresultfromearlyunemployment,thegovernmenthasintroducedanambitiousprogramofreformtogetyoungstersoffwelfareandintowork.Akeypartofitisensuringthatnoonegetsbenefitfromthegovernmentforlong;ministersarekeentoavoidwhathappenedaftertheearly-1980srecession（衰退）,whenunemploymentcontinuedinsomepartsofthecountryforalongtimeaftertheeconomybegantoimprove.

Tohelpyoungpeopleintowork,ministershadpersuadedlotsofemployers,includingbakerychains,bookshops,andsupermarkets,totakeonunemployedyouths,whoreceiveworkexperiencebutnopay,withtheprospectofaproperjobforthosewhoshine.Some35,000youngstersparticipatedlastyear;halffoundpaidworksoonafterfinishingthescheme.

Theideaofgettingyoungadultsusedtoshowingupforworkispopularwithvoters:

accordingtoasurveypublishedinFebruary,about60%ofpeoplesupporttheprogram.Equallyattractivewastheoptionofcompellingthemtowork:

undertheexistingarrangementsyoungsterscouldchoosewhetherornottoacceptaplace,butiftheydroppedoutaftertheendofthefirstweek,theystoodtoloseuptotwoweeks’benefits.

Yettheschemehasalsopolarized（两极分化的）opinion:

athirdofpeopleareconsistentlyopposed.Followinganoisy“RighttoWork”campaignthataccusedemployersofco-operatingsecretlywiththegovernmentin“forcedlabor”,severalfirmsdroppedoutoftheprogram.Topreventthisfromgettingworse,ChrisGrayling,anemploymentminister,admittedthatyoungpeoplecouldleavetheirworkexperienceatanytimewithoutbeingpunishedfordoingso.Thisnotonlyhaltedtheflightofemployers（fornow,atleast）butalsoenabledhimtoannouncethatnewfirmshaveagreedtotakepartintheprogram.

1.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeopleinBritain____.

A.areusedtoshowingupforwork

B.valueunpaidworkverymuch

C.arealwaysopposedtounpaidwork

D.couldlearnsomethingaboutjobsecuritythroughunpaidwork

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.Mostvoterssupportthegovernment’sefforttohelpyoungpeopletofindwork.

B.Somepeopleprotestagainstthegovernment’sattempttoforceyoungpeopletowork.

C.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhotookpartintheprogram.

D.Therearemorethanonemillionyoungpeoplewhoarejobless.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theBritishgovernmentistryingto___.

A.punishyoungpeopleiftheyarenotcooperatingwithit

B.reformtheunemployedyoungsters

C.avoidtheeconomicslowdown

D.reducewelfarespending

4.Theword“shine”inParagraph3means“___”.

A.dowell

B.reflectlight

C.lookhappy

D.producelight

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.EnjoyWorkWithoutPay

B.CanWork,Won’tWork

C.ShouldWork,Shouldn’tPlay

D.HateWorkorLoveWork

2）.

Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.

Andyet,citylifeisn'teasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefound,impairs（损害）ourbasicmentalprocesses.Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.Whileit'slongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.

Oneofthemainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.

Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone（里程碑）.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajorityofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,we'recrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofStrangers.Inrecentyears,it'sbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.

Thisresearchisalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble（涉足）inurbandesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.

6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.

B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.

C.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.

D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.

7.Theword“metropolis”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto___.

A.citizen

B.nature

C.city

D.stress

8.Peoplehavejustcometorealizethat___.

A.humanattentionisascarceresource

B.citylifecanmakepeopleverytired

C.thecityisanengineofintellectuallife

D.anurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrain

9.Whatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly?

A.Nature.

B.Bettertreatment.

C.Experienceddoctors.

D.Goodmedicine.

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Differentaspects（方面）ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.

B.Smallchangesinurbandesign,cannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.

C.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearth'spopulationismoreurbanthanrural.

D.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.

二、词汇与结构（共15题，每题2分，共30分）

11.Wedon’tneedairconditioning,______.

A.norcanweaffordit

B.neithercanaffordit

C.norwecanaffordit

D.neitherwecanaffordit

12.“Youaretooself-centered.It’shightimeyou______thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.

A.realized

B.haverealized

C.realize

D.shouldrealize

13.____singerand____dancerisalsogoodatdrawing.

A.The;a

B.The;the

C.A;a

D.The;/

14.It’ssuchadifficultproblem________noonecanworkitout.

A.as

B.that

C.so

D./

15.Don’tsmokeintheclassroom,__________?

A.doyou

B.willyou

C.canyou

D.couldyou

16.Williamlikestoeatout,butheisnot______aboutwhatheeats.

A.peculiar

B.unusual

C.particular

D.special

17.Theirhousestandsatahilltop,_____theHudsonRiverdownbelow.

A.seeing

B.viewing

C.lookingat

D.overlooking

18.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,soIshalltellyouaboutit__________.

A.indetail

B.inbrief

C.forshort

D.inall

19.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.

A.Whencompared

B.Compare

C.Whilecomparing

D.Comparing

20.OnthisspecialoccasionI’dliketoexpressmy_____wishesforyourfuturehappiness.

A.obvious

B.sincere

C.hopeful

D.honest

21.____________theroomthanthetelephonerangoncemore.

A.Hardlywhenheentered

B.Hardlyheentered

C.Nosoonerhehadentered

D.Nosoonerhadheentered

22.Mybikeisold,_________itisingoodcondition.

A.therefore

B.so

C.nevertheless

D.moreover

23.Thetextbookisforthe____students,notforthebeginners.

A.foreign

B.blind

C.advanced

D.deaf

24.Bytheendofnextmonthhe____everythinginschool.

A.willfinish

B.wouldhavefinished

C.finishes

D.willhavefinished

25.Sam:

Idon'tdrinkcoffeeatall.Frank:

_______.

A.Sodon'tI

B.Idoeither

C.NorIdo

D.NeitherdoI

三、改错（共5题，每题2分，共10分）

请在以下句子划线部分中，挑出错误的选项。

26.WhenDaddywillcomeback,Iamgoingtotellhimeverythingaboutyourpoorperformanceatschool.

A.willcomeback

B.amgoingto

C.everything

D.at

27.Somepeopleliketoeatapples,butotherspreferbananasforapples.

A.like

B.eat

C.prefer

D.for

28.Mosttreefrogschangecolorsfromtimetotimetofitinwithitsenvironment.

A.Most

B.change

C.fromtimetotime

D.itsenvironment

29.Asaslowstudent,Janehasn'tfinishedhertestintime.isshe?

A.As

B.hasn'tfinished

C.intime

D.isshe

30.Thereareonlytwothingsworthtoreadinthisnewspaper—theTVlistingsandthesportspage.

A.onlytwothings

B.toread

C.in

D.thesportspage

四、完形填空（共10题，每题2分，共20分）

阅读文章，根据文意选择最佳选项。

1）.

Visitorstothezoousuallypitytheanimalsowingtotheirparticularemotionalassociations（联想）.Whichanimalsshouldbeindeedpitied?

Thefirsttypearethosecleverand31developedanimalswhoselivelyintelligenceanddesireforactivitycan32nooutletbehindthebarsofthecage.Thoseanimalslivinginafreestatebeforebeingputinthezoohaveastrongdesireformovingabout33,buthavetommaroundrepeatedlyintheirquarters.Owingtothisdisappointment,foxesandwolveskeptinplaceswhicharefartoosmall,areamongthemost34ofallzooanimals.

Anothersadscene,seldomnoticedbyordinaryzoovisitors,isthe35flyingtrialsofswans（天鹅）atmigration（迁徙）time.Thesecreatures,likemostotherwaterbirds,aregenerallymadeunabletoflybytheoperationofcuttingoffatipofthewingbone.36suchswansinthezoogenerallyseemhappyunderpropercareandtheyraisetheiryoungwithoutanytrouble,atmigrationtimethingsbecome37.Thebirdsneverreallyrealizethattheycannolongerfly,andrepeatedlyswimtothe38ofthepondsothattheycanhavethewholeextentofitssurfacewhentryingtotakeoffagainstthewind.Meanwhile,theirloudflyingcallscanbeheardastheytryto39,andagainandagainthegrandpreparationsendinfailure.

Idonotlikeseeingthose40waterbirdsinthezoo.Themissingtipofonewingandthestillsadderpicturethatthebirdmakeswhenitspreadsitswingshurtmebadly.Whatatrulysorrypictureitis!

31..

A.high

B.highly

C.deep

D.deeply

32..

A.find

B.lose

C.declare

D.transform

33..

A.partly

B.highly

C.deeply

D.freely

34..