建筑结构英语常用词汇.docx
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建筑结构英语常用词汇
建筑结构英语常用词汇．
建筑、结构专业常用英文词汇
建筑面积密度总体设计buildingGeneraldesignDensityof
area
设计依据竖向布置Designbasis
Verticalplanning建筑红线高程Buildingline
Altitude建筑系数等高线Coefficientofbuilding
Contourlineoccupation
界区相对标高RelativeelevationBatterylimited
绝对标高有效面积AbsolutealtitudeEffectivearea
地震基本烈度使用面积earthquake
UsableareaBasic
intensity
结构面积抗震设防烈度Structuralarea
Fortificationintensity建筑面积风玫瑰Buildingarea
3
NaturallightingWindrose
建筑朝向人工照明light;
ArtificantBuildingorientation
artificialillumination
建筑间距照度Buildingdistance
Degreeofillumination公顷通风Hectare
Ventilation指北针正压通风Northarrow
Positiveventilating测北噪声Geophicalnorth
Noise建北隔声Plantnorth
Soundinsulation气象吸声Meteorology
Soundabsorption
日照保温隔热HeatinsulationSunshine
露点天然采光．
4
SketchDewpoint
冷桥透视图PerspectivedrawingCold-bridge
遮阳建筑构图ArchitecturalSunshade
composition
恒温恒湿坐标temperatureConstant
Coordinate&constanthumidity
纵坐标消声
Ordinateelimination;
Noise
noisereduction
横坐标Abscissa
防振跨度antivibrationSpan
建筑一般词汇4.2开关ConventionaltermsofBay
architecture
进深方案Depth
Scheme;draft层高草图
5
StairwellFloorheight
封闭楼梯间净高
EnclosurestaircaseClearheight;
headroom
防烟楼梯间横数prevention
Smoke
stairwell
Module;modulus
消防电梯间裙房elevatorsSkirtbuildingEmergency
well
楼梯自动扶梯Stair
Escalator梯段中庭Stairslab
Atrium楼梯平台疏散走道Stairlanding
corridor;Escape安全出口escapeway
Safetyexit
耐火等级疏散楼梯Fire-resistivegradeEscapestaircase
生产类别楼梯间．
6
RetainingwallClassificationof
production
填充墙耐火极限Fillerwall
of
Duration围护墙fire-resistance
Curtainwall;cladding
防火间距wall;enclosurewall
File-breakdistance女儿墙泄压面积Parapetwall
pressure
of
Area隔墙release
Partition
闷顶（浴室、厕所）隔断Mezanine;mezzanineStall
砖标号窗间墙brick;
Gradeof
Pier
strengthofbrick
墙垛承重墙Pillar
Bearingwall过梁非承重墙Lintel
Non-bearingwall圈梁挡土墙．
7
Gird;girt;girth预埋件防潮层Embeddedinserts
Damp-proofcourse直抓梯勒脚Ladder
Plinth栏杆横梁Railing
Transversebeam防腐蚀纵横resistant;
Corrosion
Anticorrosion
Longitudinalwall
山墙化学溶蚀ChemicalerosionGable;gablewall
膨胀腐蚀防火墙
ExpansioncorrosionFirewall
压顶化学腐蚀ChemicalcorrosionCoping
勾缝电化学腐蚀Electro-chemicalPointing
corrosion
砖砌平拱晶间腐蚀Brickflatarch
8
Intergranular灰土corrosion
Lime-soil
气相腐蚀素混凝土GaseouscorrosionPlainconcrete
液相腐蚀钢筋混凝土LiquidoidcorrosionReinforced
固相腐蚀concrete（R.C）
Solidcorrosion细石混凝土腐蚀裕度aggregate
Fine
concrete
forAllowance
corrosion
轻质混凝土锈蚀Lightweightconcrete
rusting加气混凝土4.3建筑材料AerocreteAerocrete;
concrete
Buildingmaterials
陶粒混凝土级配砂石CeramsiteconcreteGradedsand&gravel
素土夯实水泥膨胀珍珠岩expended
&CementRammedearth
9
pearlite
缸砖岩棉guarrybrick
mineMineralwool;锦砖wool
mosac
沥青地面砖asphaltpavingbrick
卷材防滑地砖Feltnon-slipbrick
玛蹄脂耐酸砖（板）Asphaltmasticacidbrick（acidtile）
粘土砖胶泥Claybrickmastic
釉面砖粘土瓦enamel
PorcelainCloytile
brick
玻璃瓦空心砖enamelledtile
Hollowbrick波形镀锌钢板砌块corrugategalvanized
Block
steelsheet
10
artificialstone玻璃钢瓦大理石reinforcedglass-fiber
marbleplastictile
水泥砂浆抹面彩色压型钢（铅）板
cementplastercolouredcorrugate
steel（aluminium）plat;石灰砂浆抹面coloured
profiuinglimeplaster
stccl（aluminium）plat
水泥石灰砂浆抹面石棉水泥瓦cement-limeplaster
ashestos-cementsheet刀灰打底水磨石asandlimehemp-cut
terrajjobase
水刷石原木graniteplasterLog
花岗石方木granitesquaretimber
磨光花岗石板材polishedgraniteplank
剁斧石胶合板
11
plywood中空玻璃三夹板hollowglass
3plywood钢化玻璃五夹板reinforcedglass
5plywood镀膜玻璃平板玻璃coatingglass
flatglass有机玻璃浮法玻璃organicglass
float-processglass建筑构造及配件4.4
磨砂玻璃constructionBuilding
&componentfrostedgroundglass;
glass
铺砌起玻璃paving
prismglass地坪夹丝玻璃grade
Wireglass基层bedding
夹层玻璃素土夯实sandwichglass
rammedearth
12
Windowmoulding垫层护角base
curbguard结合层防水层bondingcourse
water-proofcourse面层找平层Covering
Levelingcourse隔离层隔热层insulationcourse
heatinsulationcourse活动地板保温层movableraisingfloor;
insulation
thermalfloor;accessfloor
course
篦子板檩条
purlingrating
天窗地面提示块
skylightgroundprompt
遮阳板天棚ceilingsunshade
吊顶窗套．
13
suspendingceiling檐沟吊顶龙骨eavegutter
ceilingjoist汇水面积雨水口catchmentarea
draingulley雨罩水斗canopy
Leadhead散水雨水管apron
Leader;downspout坡道天沟ramp
Valley台阶挑檐entrancesteps
overhangingeave保温门檐口insulation
thermal
door
eave
隔声门（窗）泛水doorinsulationflashingsound
（window）;
分水线dooracoustical
watershed
14
（window）
（window）
防火门（窗）壁柜门closetdoorfiredoor（window）
冷藏门变压器间门room
transformerfreezerdoor
door
安全门围墙门exitdoor
gate防护门（窗）车库门door
protection
garagedoor（window）
保险门屏蔽门（窗）safedoorShielddoor（window）
防风砂门引风门ventilationdoorradiationresisting
door（window）
检修门密闭门（窗）accessdoor
weathertightdoor平开门（窗）泄压门（窗）side-hungdoor
door
releasepressure推拉门（窗）．
15
paneldoorslidingdoor
弹簧门镶玻璃门glazeddoorswingdoor
折迭门玻璃门glassdoorfoldingdoor
卷帘门钢木门steel&woodendoorrollingdoor
转门百页门shutterdoorrevolvingdoor
连窗门夹板门doorwithsidewindowplywooddoor
拼板门传递窗deliverywindowFLBdoor（framed,
battened
Ledgedand
观察窗door）;
observationwindow
matchboarddoor换气窗实拼门ventsast
soliddoor上悬窗镶板门top-hungwindow
16
attachedsashwindow中悬窗组合窗center-pivoted
compositewindowwindow
落地窗下悬窗Frenchwindowbottom-hungwindow
玻璃幕墙立转窗glazedcurtainwallpivoted
vertically
window
门（窗）框固定窗door（window）frame
fixedwindow拼樘料单层窗，）transom（横singlewindow（竖）mullion
双层窗门（窗）扇doublewindowdoor（window）leaf
百页窗casement开窗扇平（shuttersash）
带形窗纱扇continuouswindowscreensash
子母扇窗亮子．
17
transom,fanlight撑档门心板catch
pancl滑道披水板slidingtrack
weatherboard插销贴脸板bolt
trim拉手筒子板pull
Lining推板窗台板pushplate
sillplate门锁防护铁栅doorlock;mortice
lockgrille;barricade;iron
grating
执手锁合页with
lock
mortice
knobhinges;buttbutts;
hinges
4.5建筑结构执手Buildingstructure
knob
荷载4.5.1
18
ConcentratedLoadLoad
活荷载分布荷载DistributedLoadLiveload
静荷载，恒载设计荷载DesignLoadDeadload
静力荷载轴向荷载AxialLoadStaticload
移动荷载偏心荷载EccentricLoadMovingload
风荷载动力荷载WindLoadDynamicload
冲击荷载风力、风压impactloadWind、forceWind
附加荷载Pressure
Superimposedload雪荷载（又称标准荷规定荷载SnowLoad
载）屋面积灰荷载RoofashLoadSpecifiedLoad
（吊车）最大轮压集中荷载
19
Wheel
Maximum容许荷载Load
Load,
Admissible
吊车荷载AllowableLoadsafeLoad
CraneLoad极限荷载安装荷载UltimateLoad
ErectionLoad条形荷载施工荷载StripLoad
ConstructionLoad破坏荷载不对称荷载FailureLoad,Loadat
failure
Unsymmetrical
Loading
地震荷载重复荷载Load;Seismic
Earthquakeload
RepeatedLoad
刚性荷载荷载组合CombinationofloadRigidLoad
4.5.2地基和基础柔性荷载
SoilandfoundationFlexibleLoad
临界荷载地基
（Bed）soil
CriticalLoad
20
独立基础天然地基
footing,
Individual
Naturalground
Isolatedfoundation
人工地基PadfoundationArtificialground
联合基础混凝土基础Combinedfootingfoundation;Concrete
大块式基础Concretefooting
Massivefoundation毛石基础条形基础masonry
Rubble
foundation;
footing;
Strip
Stripfooting
（Rubble）stonefooting
footing;
Strap砖基础Continuousfooting
Brickworkfooting
方形基础桩基础SquarefootingPilefoundation
杯形基础设备基础FootingsocketEquipmentfoundation
板式基础机器基础MatSlab-foundation;Machinefoundation
footing
21
FootingFoundation阶梯形基础基槽foundation;
Stepped
ditch;
Benchedfoundation
Foundation
Foundationtrench
（Steppedfooting）
基坑扩展基础Foundationpitspreadfooting
基础板扩底基础FoundationslabUnder-reamed
foundation
基础梁浮伐基地beamFoundation
Footingbeam
foundation;Raft
Buoyantfoundation
基础底面FloatingfoundationFoundationbase
沉箱（井）基础基础底板CaissonfoundationFoundationmat
构架式基础基础垫层FramefoundationFoundation-bed
深基础基础埋置深度Deepfoundationembedment
ofDepth
基础．
22
Lime
Limefoundation
pile;
column;Quicklimepile
地下连续墙单桩Undelground
Singlepilecontinuouswall
打桩群桩Pile
Piledrivinggroup;
Pile
cluster
打桩机斜桩Pile
Pileengine;
Batterpiledriver;Rammactuine
预制桩钢桩
precastpileSteelpile
水桩灌注桩pile;
TimberIn-situpile;Wood
Cast-in-placepile
pile
pile;
Cast-in-situ钢筋混凝土桩Fillingpile
concreteReinforced
板桩pile
sheetpile砂桩拆密桩Sandpile
Compactionpile
石灰桩．
23
UpliftTensionpile;挤密砂桩pile;
Sandcompactionpile
抗滑桩灰土挤密桩Anti-sliclepilecompactionLine-soil
桩承台pile
Pilecap钻孔桩桩帽Boredpile
Pilecap;pilecouel打入桩桩头Driuenpile
Pilecrown;pilehead摩擦桩桩端BuoyantFrictionpile;
Piletippile
端承桩桩身
Pileshaftpile;
bearing
End
Pointbearingpile;
桩距Columnpile（柱桩）Pilespacing
支承桩桩钢筋笼PilecageBearingpile
试桩抗拔桩．
24
PassiveearthpressureTestpile
桩荷载试验静止土压力EarthpressureatrestPileloadtest
容许地耐力桩的动荷载试验
bearing
ofAllowableDynamicloadtest
strength
pile
冰冻深度桩的侧向荷载试验FrostLateralpileloadtestdepth;Frozen
depth;
桩的极限荷载penetration
FrostUltimatepileload
depthoffrostpenetration
桩承载能力防冻深度Bearingcapacity;Pile
Frost-proofdepthcapacityofapile
粘土类土Carryingcapacityofa
Clayeysoilpile
土压力轻亚粘土SandyloamEarthpressure
主动土压力亚粘土Sandyclay;LoamActiveearthpressure
砂质土被动土压力
25
Sandysoil杂填土砂砾石Miscellaneousfill
Sandygravelstratum地表水膨胀土Surfacewater;
Expansivesoil地下水硬土硬盘岩，硬质土，Groundwater
地下水位层
GroundwaterHardpan
eltualion;
液限level;
GroundwaterLiquidlimit
Groundwatertable
塑限容重Plasticlimit
Unitweight塑料指数干容重Indexofplasticity
Dryunitweight松软土湿容重spongyMellowsoil;
Wetunitweightsoil
饱和容重回填土Saturatedunitweight
BackfillRefilling
26
Compac
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