全球化的利弊之欧阳科创编.docx

全球化的利弊之欧阳科创编.docx

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全球化的利弊之欧阳科创编

Globalizationisanewtermthathasfoundasignificantplaceinthelivesofthepeople.Byglobalization,wemeansheddingdownthewallsofdistrustandthebarriersofsuspicioninbetweencountries,tomakeabridgewhereideasandbeliefscancrosstheborders.Thoughglobalizationtodayprimarilycoverstheeconomicalside,theimpactisnotlimitedtotheeconomyonly.Itactuallyaffectseveryaspectoflife,likecultural,social,psychologicalandofcourse,political.Whileglobalizationisseenasasignofahopefulfuturebysome,thereareotherswhobelievethatitcancausetremendousdisasterfortheworldeconomy.Readontofindtheprosandconsofglobalization.

时间：

2021.02.05

创作：

欧阳科

ProsOfGlobalization

∙Withglobalization,thereisaglobalmarketforcompaniestotradetheirproductsandawiderrangeofoptionsforpeople,tochoosefromamongtheproductsofdifferentnations. 

∙Developingcountriesbenefitalotfromglobalization,asthereisasoundflowofmoneyandthus,adecreaseinthecurrencydifference.

∙Tomeettheincreasingdemandsthatfollowglobalization,thereisanincreaseintheproductionsector.Thisgivesloadsofoptionstothemanufacturersaswell.

∙Competitionkeepspricesrelativelylow,andasaresult,inflationislesslikelytooccur.

∙Thefocusisdivertedandsegregatedamongallthenations.Nocountryremainsthesinglepowerhead;insteadtherearecompartmentalizedpowersectors.Thedecisionsathigherlevelsaremeantforthepeopleatlarge. 

∙Communicationamongthecountriesisontherise,whichallowsforbetterunderstandingandbroadervision.

∙Ascommunicationincreasesamongsttwocountries,thereisinterchangeofculturesaswell.Wegettoknowmoreabouttheother'sculturalpreferences.

∙Aswefeedtoeachother'sfinancialneeds,theecologicalimbalanceisalsometedout.Governmentsofcountriesshowconcernabouteachother.

ConsOfGlobalization

∙GlobalizationiscausingEuropeanstolosetheirjobsasworkisbeingoutsourcedtotheAsiancountries.ThecostoflaborintheAsiancountriesislowascomparedtoothercountries.

∙Thehighrateofprofitforthecompanies,inAsia,hasresultedinapressureontheemployedEuropeans,whoarealwaysunderthethreatofthebusinessbeingoutsourced.

∙Companiesareasopeningtheircounterpartsinothercountries.Thisresultsintransferringthequalityoftheirproducttoothercountries,therebyincreasingthechancesofdepreciationintermsofquality.

∙Thereareexpertswhobelievethatglobalizationisthecausefortheinvasionofcommunicablediseasesandsocialdegenerationincountries.

∙Thethreatthatthecorporateswouldruletheworldisonhigh,asthereisalotofmoneyinvestedbythem.

∙Itisoftenarguedthatpoorcountriesareexploitedbytherichercountrieswheretheworkforceistakenadvantageofandlowwagesareimplemented.

Simplyput,globalizationisanongoingprocessofintegrationofregionaleconomiesintoglobalnetworkofcommunicationandexecution.Letmeexplainthisabit.AssumethatyouareamangofarmerinIndiaandyougrowverygoodqualitymangoesoverthere.Obviously,yourfruitishighlyappreciatedinIndia,butyoualsoknowthatyoushallgetabettervalueinUS.SothenetworkofcommunicationandexecutionthatallowsyoutosellyourfruitinUSisbasically,thephenomenonofglobalization.（AtleasttheIndianfarmerishappyaboutadvantagesofglobalizationinIndia,heisearningaquickbuck.）TheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofglobalizationinIndiaandotherdevelopingcountriesareveryprofound.Readmoreonadvantagesofglobalization.Globalization:

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesInsteadofgivingafewpointershereandafewpointersthere,explanationontheseconceptsshoulddomorejusticetothesubject.HavealookatthefollowingAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalMarketingTherehastobeoperationaldifferencesbetweenvariouscompaniesindifferentcountries.WhatImeantosayis,acarmanufacturerofUKwillmanufactureacarwithadifferentoperationthanacarmanufacturerinItaly（forexampleJaguarandFerrari）.Botharetryingtotakeadvantageoftheoperationaldifferencethattheyhavebetweenthem.AndbothcompaniesaretryingtosellacarinAmericaforagreatervalue.Soifyouwantyourproducttohaveanappealonaglobalscale,thenobviously,marketingonaglobalscaleisrequired.AdvantagesofGlobalMarketing

∙LowerMarketingCosts:

Ifyouaretoconsiderlump-somecostthen,yes,itishigh,butthesamecostevengoesevenhigherifthecompanyhastomarketaproductdifferentlyineverycountrythatitisselling.

∙GlobalScope:

Scopeofthiskindofmarketingissolargethatitbecomesauniqueexperience.

∙BrandimageConsistency:

Globalmarketingallowsyoutohaveaconsistentimageineveryregionthatyouchoosetomarket.

∙QuickandEfficientUseofIdeas:

Aglobalentityisabletouseamarketingideaandmoulditintoastrategytoimplementonaglobalscale.

∙UniformityinMarketingPractices:

Aglobalentitycankeepsomedegreeofuniformityinmarketingthroughouttheworld.

DisadvantagesofGlobalMarketing

∙InconsistencyinConsumerNeeds:

AmericanconsumerwillbedifferentfromtheSouthAfrican.Globalmarketingshouldbeabletoaddressthat.

∙ConsumerResponseInconsistency:

Consumerinonecountrymayreactdifferentlythanaconsumerinanothercountry.

∙CountrySpecificBrandandProduct:

AJapanesemightlikeaproducttohaveatraditionaltouch,whereasanAmericanmightliketoaddaretromodernlooktoit.Inthiscase,aglobalstrategyisdifficulttodevice.

∙TheLawsoftheLandHavetobeConsidered:

Originalcompanypoliciesmaybeaccordingtothelawsofhomecountries.Theoverseaslawsmaybeconflictinginthesepolicies.

∙InfrastructuralDifferences:

Infrastructuremaybehamperingtheprocessinonecountryandacceleratinginanother.Globalstrategycannotbeconsistentinsuchascenario.

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGlobalizationinDevelopingCountriesOverallglobalizationhasbeenabigboonforthedevelopingcountries,butthereareafewwhosaythatithasbeenacurse.Letustakealookatboththeseaspectsofglobalization.TheAdvantages

∙GDPIncrease:

Ifthestatisticsareanyindication,GDPofthedevelopingcountrieshaveincreasedtwiceasmuchasbefore.

∙PercapitaIncomeIncrease:

Thewealthhashadatricklingeffectonthepoor.Theaverageincomehasincreasedtothriceasmuch.

∙UnemploymentisReduced:

ThisfactisquiteevidentwhenyoulookatcountrieslikeIndiaandChina.

∙EducationhasIncreased:

Globalizationhasbeenacatalysttothejobsthatrequirehigherskillset.Thisdemandallowedpeopletogainhighereducation.

∙CompetitiononEvenPlatform:

Thecompaniesallaroundtheworldarecompetingonasingleglobalplatform.Thisallowsbetteroptionstoconsumers.

TheDisadvantages

∙UnevenDistributionofWealth:

Wealthisstillconcentratedinthehandsofafewindividualsandacommonmaninadevelopingcountryisyettoseeanymajorbenefitsofglobalization.

∙IncomeGapBetweenDevelopedandDevelopingCountries:

Wealthofdevelopedcountriescontinuestogrowtwiceasmuchasthedevelopingworld.

∙DifferentWageStandardsforDevelopingCountries:

Atechnologyworkermaygetmorevalueforhisworkinadevelopedcountrythanaworkerinadevelopingcountry.

∙ReversalofGlobalization:

Infuture,factorssuchaswarmaydemandthereversaloftheglobalization（asevidentininterworldwaryears）,currentprocessofglobalizationmayjustbeimpossibletoreverse.Youcanalsoliketoreadmoreonprosandconsofglobalization.

∙Globalizationisacommonlyusedtermtorepresentthedisseminationofpractices,notionsandtechnologiesacrosstheglobe.Nationsarealsolookingatafreeeconomywithafreemarketforgoodsandservices.Thishasbroughtforthde-localizationandriseinthemultinationalcorporations.Therearebothprosandconsforglobalization.

MoreLiquidityinCapitalandReducedFinancialRisk

∙Globalizationimpliesfreetrade,andfreetradeinvolvesanincreasedcashflow.Whenthefinancialflowincreases,redistributionofcapitaltakesplaceandthusthereismoreliquidityincapital.Inpost-globalization,thefinancialinstitutionsandmarketshaveawidereachthatcreatesacapabilitytodispersetheriskmoreextensivelythanbefore.Onemajoradvantageofglobalizationisthattheinvestorshavetheprivilegetotakeonlythefinancialrisktheywishto.

EconomicalAdvantage

∙Globalizationinvolvesde-localization,whichmeansthatmostoftheactivitiesofabusinessarenowdoneacrossdistances.Themultinationalshiretheirworkforcefromoverseassoastoobtaininexpensivelabor.Thisleadstohigheremploymentrateinthedevelopingcountries,thusimprovingtheireconomies.Theinvestorscanalsoinvestmoneyinthedevelopingcountries.Therefore,theflowofcommunicationsisincreasedacrosstheglobe,whichinturnbringsfortheconomicadvantage.Inotherwords,globalizationallowsanincreasedflowofcommunicationacrosstheworld,whichensuressharingofindispensableinformationbetweenindividualsandtheorganizations.Thisuseoftechnologyincommunicationsavestime,whichinturnsavesmoneyforthecorporations.Thus,themultinationalcanbecomeprofitablebytheuseofthenewmeansofcommunication.Besides,globalizationprovidesspeedytransportationofgoodsaswellaspeople.Thisinturnbringsforthobviouseconomicadvantageforthecorporations.

InterdependabilityetweenNations

∙Thedisadvantagesofglobalizationarecloselylinkedtoitsadvantages.Theinterdependabilitybetweennatio