届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题.docx

届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题.docx

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届重庆市第一中学高三下学期模拟考试英语试题

2020届重庆市第一中学高三下学期6月模拟考试英语试题

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Visiting300,000WorksofArtinParisRightNow

Stuckathome?

YoucanstillvisitthousandsofthegreatestartworksintheCityofLightforfree.TheculturalboardofParis'freecitymuseumssortedthroughthecity'stoppublicmuseumstosharemust-seeartworks.

Themuseums

Twoaregreatwriter'shomes—BalzacandVictorHugo—filledwithperioddetailsaswellasartdesigns.TheCatacombsandtheCryptshavecollectionsofsculpturesmadeoutofbones.ThebestknownislikelythePetitPalaiswithwell-knownworks,includingClaudeMonet'sSunsetontheSeine.

Theartists

Youcantrysearchingforthemostsuccessfulortheonesyou'remostinterestedin,orjuststartwandering,whichisagreatwaytofindfascinatingpaintingsbylesser-known,butnolesstalented,artistlikeGeorgeDesvallieres.

Theworksofart

Don'tknowwheretostart?

SearchforPaulCézanne'sromanticpaintingsofwomen,depictingtwoyoungwomenloungingonthebanksoftheSeinewhichcanbedownloadedforfreeontheParisMuséessite.

The360-degreemoments

WanttoenjoyworksatMuseedel’Orangerie?

TrythewebsiteofGoogleArtProject.ClickthroughtothecolorfulwondersofMonet'sWaterliliesexhibitedatParismuseum.Thevirtualversionletsyouspinin360-degreecirclestotakeitallin,withnocrowdsblockingyourview.

1．WhichofthefollowingareshowedattheCatacombsandtheCrypts?

A．Perioddetails.B．Well-knownworks.

C．Artdesigns.D．Bonesculptures.

2．WhatcanweinferaboutGeorgeDesvallieres?

A．Heisgoodatpaintingwomen.

B．Hehasagreatgiftinpainting.

C．Heispopularthroughouttheworld.

D．Hehascreatedmanyfamouspaintings.

3．WherecanweenjoyMonet'sWaterliliesatvariedangles?

A．AtParismuseum.B．OnGoogleArtProject.

C．OntheParisMuséessite.D．AtMuseedel’Orangerie.

Saythephrase“femaleenvironmentalpioneers,”andamongthenamesyouwillhearareRachelCarson,whowrotepesticides;chimpanzeeexpertJaneGoodall;and17-year-oldclimate-changeactivistGretaThunberg.TomarkWomen’sHistoryMonth,Kidspostissharingthestoryofanenvironmentalpioneerwhoisnotthatfamousbutequallyremarkable.

Atage3,SylviaEarlefoundherlifelongpassionwhileplayingonabeach.Awavesuddenlycameupandknockedherover.

“Mymother...sawthebigsmileonmyfaceandletmerunbackin,”EarletoldaTVintervieweryearslater.“AndI’vebeenrunningbackineversince.”

Earleisnow84yearsoldandhasspentalifetimeexploringtheworld’soceansandworkingtoprotectthemfrompollution,overfishingandotherthreats.

Sheisapioneerinusingscubagear.Scubagearletsdiverstakebreathunderwater.Sheholdstheworldrecordforthedeepestuntetheredwalkontheoceanfloorat1,250feet.Thismeansshewasnottiedtoanythingwhenshewaswalkingunderwater.Duringthisexploration,sheplantedaU.S.flag.

In1998,TimemagazinegaveEarleitsfirstHeroesforthePlanetaward.ShewasthefirstfemalechiefscientistattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）.ItistheU.S.oceanandatmospheregroup.ShewasalsoelectedtotheNationalWomen’sHallofFame.

Earlehasspentherlifeteachingpeopleabouttheocean.Shenoteshowmuchitaffectstheweather,andwhatweeatanddrink.Shehassomethingtosaytothosewhodon’tunderstandwhytheoceanmatters.“Theyshouldknowthatwitheverybreaththeytake,everydropofwatertheydrink,theoceanistouchingthem,”Earlesays.“Youshouldtreattheoceanasifyourlifedependsonit—becauseitdoes.”

4．WhatdoesEarle’slifelongpassionreferto?

A．Teachingpeoplehowtodive.B．Writingarticlesformagazines.

C．Exploringandprotectingoceans.D．Providingequipmentfordivers.

5．WhatdoweknowaboutEarlefromthetext?

A．Earleisaworldrecordholder.

B．Earle’smotherisinsupportofherwork.

C．EarleisaremarkableBritishoceanexplorer.

D．EarleistheonlyfemalechiefscientistatNOAA．

6．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEarle?

A．braveandconservative.B．devotedandcourageous.

C．determinedandrigid.D．ambitiousandmodest.

7．WhichofthefollowingstatementwillEarleagreewithaccordingtothetext?

A．Peopleshouldstopoverfishingandeatingseafood.

B．Theoceanplaysasignificantroleinhuman’slife.

C．Theweatherhasafar-reachingeffectontheocean.

D．Theexplorationoftheoceancanbedonewithoutlimit.

Cryonicsisthepracticeofcoolingdeadorganictissue.Thisisusedonhumansoranimalsthathaverecentlydied.Thehopeistobringthembacktolifeinthenearfuture.Bylaw,itcanonlybeperformedonhumansaftertheyarelegallydead.Manyscientistsanddoctorsthinkcryonicsistotallymorallyunacceptable.However,therearealsomanywhosupportcryonics.

Supportersofcryonicshopethatfuturetechnologywillimprove.Moleculartechnologyisespeciallyhopedtoreverse（逆转）theearlystagesofclinicaldeath.Itishopedthatthiswillenabletherepairoftissueonaverytinylevel.Itcouldalsoallowdamagedtissuesandorganstoregenerate.Theyalsoassumethatdiseaseandagingwillonedaybereversible.

Thesesupporterswanttostorethememoryandidentityfromthebrainofpeoplewhohaverecentlydied.Cryonicsattemptstodothisbyusingliquidthatpreservesthebrain.Ifthisisdonebeforecooling,itwillpreventinjury.Thiscoolingliquidsavesthefinecellstructuresofthebrainwherememoryandidentityexist.

Criticsofcryonicsthinkthisprocessisawasteoftimeandmoney.Theybasetheiropinionsonthecurrentlevelofscience.Itistruethatcells,tissues,bloodvessels,andsomesmallanimalorganscanbereversiblypreserved.Somefrogscanevensurviveforafewmonthsinapartiallyfrozenstateiftheyarekeptafewdegreesabovefreezing.Butthisisnottruecryopreservation.Thereisnoproofthattheidentityandmemoryofapersoncanberestoredafterdeathhasoccurred.

Criticsalsothinkthatifitwerepossibletobringdeadpeoplebacktolife,itwouldcausemanysocialproblems.Criticsworryitwouldcauseahugeoverpopulationproblem.ManyalsothinktryingtoreversedeathisimmoralbecauseitisagainstthewilloftheirGod.

8．Whatcanweknowaboutcryonicsfromparagraph1?

A．Cryonicsisusedbeforepeople'sdeath.

B．Allscientistsaren'tinfavoroftheuseofcryonics.

C．Lawsforbidtheuseofcryonicsonlegallydeadpeople.

D．Cryonicstriestocooldeadorganictissuebyusingliquid.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword''regenerate''inparagraph2mean?

A．copy.B．return.

C．freeze.D．regrow.

10．Whydocriticsopposetheuseofcryonics?

A．Itwillmakepeople'smemorylost.

B．Injurywilloccurduringtheprocess.

C．Thereisscientificuncertaintyaboutit.

D．Itgoesalongwiththeirreligiousbelief.

11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Theuseofcryonicshasabrightfuture.

B．Cryonicsisstillacontroversialpractice.

C．Thepracticeofcryonicsislimitedbylaw.

D．Thereisanadvanceinmedicaltechnology.

DuringthewinterintheSouthernHemisphere,abluepointoflightshinesoverhead.Thebrilliantpointonthesky,whichlookslikeabrightstar,isactuallytwostarsincloseorbit—accompaniedbytheclosestknownblackholetoEarth.

Thenewlydiscoveredblackholeisabout1,011light-yearsfromoursolarsysteminthestarsystemHR6819.PublishedtodayinAstronomy&Astrophysics,theobjectislockedinanorbitwithtwovisiblestars.Itisestimatedaboutfourtimesthemassofthesunandabout2,500light-yearscloserthanthenextblackhole.“Itseemslikeit’sbeenhidinginplainsight,”saysastronomerKareemEl-Badry,aPh.D．studentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,whospecializesinbinarystar（双子星）systemsbutwasn’tinvolvedwiththestudy.“HR6819issuchabrightstar（system）thatpeoplehavebeenstudyingitsincethe80s,butitseemslikeit’shadsomesurprises.”

“Ifyoufindonethatisveryclosetoyou,andyouassumeyou’renotspecial,thentheymustbeoutthereeverywhere,”saysleadstudyauthorThomasRivinius,anastronomerattheEuropeanSouthernObservatory（ESO）inChile.ResearchershavelongestimatedthattheMilkyWayishometohundredsofmillionsofblackholes,objectswhosegravitationalfields（引力场）aresostrong,notevenlightcanescape.Butfindingthesedarkobjectshasprovenextremelydifficult.Dozensofblackholesinthegalaxyhavebeenspotted“feeding”onnearbycloudsofgas—aprocessthatsendsoutx-raysasthematerialmovesaroundtheedgesoftheblackhole.Butthemajorityofblackholesinourgalaxycannotbeseen,sotheonlywaytofindthemisbyobservingtheirgravitationaleffectsonsurroundingobjects.

Infollow-upwork,researchersledbystudyco-authorPetrHadravaaimtostudythelightgivenoffbyHR6819andunderstandthepreciseidentityofthetwoclosestars.

12．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewlydiscoveredblackhole?

A．Itmoveswithtwootherstars.

B．Itcameintobeinginthe1980s.

C．Itweighsmuchmorethanearth.

D．Itcanbeseeneasilyduringthewinter.

13．WhatcanweinferfromThomasRivinius’swordsinparagraph3?

A．Mostblackholesarecommon.

B．Moreblackholescanbefound.

C．Blackholesaredifficulttolearn.

D．Blackholesexistinstarsystems.

14．Whatwillscientistsprobablydonext?

A．Learnmoreaboutthetwoclosestars.

B．Analyzethelightaroundtheblackhole.

C．Observetheinfluenceofblackholesonstars.

D．StudytheblackholesinthesystemofHR6819.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．ANewStarSysteminUniverse

B．TwoSpecialStarsintheSameOrbit

C．TheClosestBlackHoletotheEarth

D．TheBigge