届高考考前热身专练社会现象历史类阅读2.docx

届高考考前热身专练社会现象历史类阅读2.docx

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届高考考前热身专练社会现象历史类阅读2

2015届高考考前热身专练：

社会现象、历史类阅读

1、Whetherweshouldallowmarine（海洋的）parkstostayopenhasbeenwidelydebatedinourcommunityrecently.Avarietyofdifferentargumentshavebeenputforwardaboutit.

Smith,asociologist,arguedthatdolphinparksprovidetheonlyopportunityformuchofthepublictoseemarinemammals.Asthisargumentgoes,mostAustraliansliveincitiesandnevergettoseetheseanimals.MarineparksallowtheaverageAustraliantoappreciateourmarinewildlife.However,infact,therearemanyplaceswheretheycanbeseeninthewild.Moreover,theseplacesdonotchargeanoverpricedentryfee—theyarefree.

Dr.AlisonLane,thedirectoroftheCairnsMarineScienceInstitute,insiststhatweneedmarineparksforscientificresearch.Shearguesthatmuchofourknowledgeofmarinemammalscomesfromstudieswhichwereundertakenatmarineparks.Theknowledgewhichisobtainedatmarineparkscanbeusefulforplanningforthepreservationofmarinemammalspecies.However,Jones,azoologist,explainsthatparkresearchisonlyusefulforunderstandingcaptiveanimalsandisnotusefulforlearningaboutanimalsinthewild.Theirdietsaredifferent,theyhavesignificantlylowerlifelengthsandtheyaremorelikelytohaveadisease.Inaddition,marinemammalsindolphinparksaretrainedandthismeansthattheirpatternsofsocialbehaviourarechanged.

TheMarineParkOwnersAssociationholdsthatmarineparksattractalotofforeigntourists.Thispositiongoesontostatethatthesetouristsspendalotofmoney,increasingourforeignexchangeearningsandassistingournationalbalanceofpayments.However,foreigntouristswouldstillcometoAustraliaiftheparkswerecloseddown.Indeed,surveysofoverseastouristsshowthattheycomehereforavarietyofotherreasonsandnottovisitplaceslikeSeaworld.Touristscomeheretoseeournativewildlifeinitsnaturalenvironmentandnottoseeitincagesandconcretepools.Theycanseeanimalsinthoseconditionsintheirowncountries.

Inaword,perhapsanagreementcannotbereachednow.However,aquestiondoesdeserveourconsideration:

Ifwecontinuewithourpastcrimesagainstthesecreatures,howwillourfuturegenerationsviewus?

1．Whosupport（s）theideaofclosingmarineparks?

A.MostAustralians.B.AlisonLane.C.Smith.D.Jones.

2．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph3?

A.Theresultsfromstudiesarevaluableinanimalpreservation.

B.Scientificresearchatthemarineparkshasitslimitations.

C.Captiveanimalshavebiologychangesinmarineparks.

D.Humanbehaviorcausesharmfuleffectsontheanimals.

3．WhichisNOTthereasontokeepmarineparks?

A.Forentertainmentpurpose.B.Forscientificresearchpurpose.

C.Foreconomicpurpose.D.Forpoliticalpurpose.

4．Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby.

A.pointingouttheproblemswithkeepingthemarineparks

B.usingevidencehehascollectedatthemarineparks

C.discussingtheadvantagesofanimals'naturalhomes

D.questioningthewaytheanimalsarestudied

【答案】

1．D

2．B

3．D

4．A

【解析】

公园的原因有：

娱乐功能，科学研究，经济目的，但是没有提到有政治目的，选D

4．细节题：

从文章最后一段的句子：

aquestiondoesdeserveourconsideration:

Ifwecontinuewithourpastcrimesagainstthesecreatures,howwillourfuturegenerationsviewus?

可知作者想说服读者接受这种论点主要是通过指出保留海洋公园的问题。

选A

2、Whendidyoulastvisitashoppingmall?

Inmanyplaces,theanswerwouldbe“lastweekend.”Somepeoplegoevenmoreoften.Why?

Foronething,mallsoffergoodsandservicesthatpeopleneedallinoneplace:

food,clothing,thingsfortheirhouses,entertainment,evenmedicalservices.So,aremallsoneofthehighlightsofmoderncivilization?

EnvironmentalactivistswouldsayNo!

Theywouldgoevenfurtherandsaythatconsumerbehavioriscausingahugeenvironmentaldisaster.Theycauseconsumersofignoranceofthesideeffectoftheirshopping—urbansprawl（扩大）.

Socialscientistsagreethatpatternsofdevelopmenthavechangedthelandscapeagreatdealinthelasthalfcentury.Before1950,mostpeoplelivedintownsorcitiesandeitherwalkedtoworkortookpublictransportation.Onlyverywealthypeoplehadautomobiles.Farmerslivedinruralareasorisolatedvillagesandcameintotownonlywhentheyneededthingstheycouldn’tproducethemselves.Ifyougazedatthelandscapeyouwouldseetownssurroundedbycountryside.Thenamassivechangeoccurred.

Automobilesbecameaffordableandpeoplewerequicktoadoptthem.Nowambitiousworkerscouldliveinthesuburbs,theareasjustoutsidecities,whichstartedtogrowrapidly.Aslongastherewaslotsofcheaplandinthesuburbs,noonepaidmuchattentiontotheusageofthatland.Malls,fastfoodrestaurants,cinemas,andcardealershipsspreadoutinlarge,flatbuildings.Theseone–storeybuildingsandtheirparkinglottookupagreatdealspace.Well–meaningfarmersthoughttheywerebetteroffsellingtheirlandthangrowingcrops.Inignorance,noonerealizedthatoncethelandwasbuiltupinurbansprawl,thegoodfarminglandwouldberuinedforever.Therewasnowaytopreserveit.

Onlyinrecentyearshavepeoplecometomourntheoldwayoflifeastheyhavedevelopedinsightintotheproblems.Nowpeoplerealizethaturbansprawlhascomewithseriousenvironmentalproblems.Thenegativeaspectsofsprawlincludeairandwaterpollution,lossofagriculturalland,trafficjams,andthedeathofbusinessesintheoldtowncenters.Manyscholarsthinkthetimehascometoanalyzetheproblemsbettersowecandevelopappropriatepoliciestocontrolfurthersprawl.Somethinkthebestwaytodoistoeducatecitizensabouttheirpricelessenvironment.

5．Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?

A.WeekendFunB.UrbanSprawlC.NewAutomobilesD.IsolatedVillages

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”refertointhefirstparagraph?

A.ScientistsB.Activists.C.Farmers.D.Malls

7．Whodoenvironmentalactivistsblameforenvironmentalproblems?

A.Endangeredanimals.B.Shoppingmallowners.

C.Unthinkingshoppers.D.Ambitiousfarmers.

8．Whatdoscholarsthinkshouldbedoneabouturbansprawl?

A.Understandthesituationsbetter.B.Followcustomarypolicies.

C.Startschoolinshoppingmalls.D.Chargepollutersalotofmoney.

9．Whatisthescholars’attitudetowardurbansprawl?

A.Respectful.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Doubtful.

【答案】

5．B

6．D

7．C

8．A

9．B

abouttheirpricelessenvironment.”可知，权威人士认为只有更好地分析问题让市民引起重视，才能够制定相关的政策解决问题，故A项正确。

A

9．推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后两句“Manyscholarsthink...theirpricelessenvironment”可知他们是不赞同城市扩张的。

选B

3、Areyoucarryingtoomuchonyourbackatschool?

I’msurelotsofchildrenofyouragewillsay“Yes”.NotonlythestudentsinChinahavethisproblem,butchildrenintheUnited

Statesalsohaveheavyschoolbags.

Doctorsarestartingtoworrythatyoungerandyoungerstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofschoolbagsbeingtooheavyforthem.

“It’shardformetogoupstairswithmybagbecauseit’ssoheavy,”saidRickHammond,an11-year-oldstudentintheUS.

Rickisamongstudentswhohavecommonschoolbagswithtwostraps（带子）tocarrythem,butmanyotherstudentschooserollingbags.

Butevenwithrollingbags,gettingupstairsandbusesisstillaproblemforchildren.Manyofthemhavehurttheirbacksandnecksbecauseoftheheavyschoolbags.

Buthowmuchistoomuch?

Doctorssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10%to15%oftheirownbodyweight.

ScottBautch,abackdoctor,saidchildrenunderGrade4shouldstaywith10%.Butitisalsoimportantthatolderchildrendon’tstaywithover15%,becausetheirbodiesarestillgrowing.“Childrenarelosingtheirbalanceandfallingdownwiththeirschoolbags,”hesaid.

Parentsandteachersarestartingtotellchildrentoonlytakehomelibrarybookstheywillbereadingthatnight.Someteachersareusingpiecesofpaperorthinworkbooksforstudentstotakehome.

Oneofthebestanswersis,assomechildrensaid,tohavenohomeworkatall!

10．Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.

A.onlychildreninChinacarrytooheavyschoolbags

B.bothchildreninChinaandtheUScarrytooheavyschoolbags

C.childreninothercountriesdon’tcarrytooheavybags

D.onlychildrenintheUScarrytooheavyschoolbags

11．Childrenfeelithardforthemtogoupstairsbecause________.

A.theyaretooyoung

B.theydon’tknowhowtogoupstairs

C.theirschoolbagsaretooheavy

D.theirparentsdon’talwaysgoupstairswiththemtogether

12．Ifachildcarriesaheavyschoolbag,.

A.hisbackandneckwillbehurtB.hisheadandarmswillbehurt

C.hishandswillbehurtD.hisfeetwillbehurt

13．Accordingtothedoctor,ScottBautch,ifachildinGrade5weighsabout30kilos,theschoolbaghecarriesshouldnotbeover________.

A.5kilosB.3kilosC.5.5kilosD.4.5kilos

14．Somestudentsthinkthebestanswertohisproblemsisthat.

A.theyshouldhavealittlehomeworktodoaftertheygethome

B.theirteachershadbetternotaskthemtodoanyhomework

C.theyshouldonlytakehomelibrarybookstheywillreadthatnight

D.theyshouldusethinworkbooksinsteadofthickones

【答案】

10．B

11．C

12．A

13．D

14．B

的背部可能会出现问题。

故A正确。

13．D计算题。

根据Doctorssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10%to15%oftheirownbodyweight（重量）.、可知学生的书包的重量最好不要超过体重的百分之15.如果体重是30公斤，书包最多4.5公斤。

故D正确。

14．B细节题。

根据文章最后一句Oneofthebestanswersis,assomechildrensaid,tohavenohomeworkatall!

可知没有家庭作业是最好的解决方法。

故B正确。

4、Itisnaturalthatyoungpeopleareoftenuncomfortablewhentheyarewiththeirparents.Theysaythattheirparentsdon’tunderstandthem.Theyoftenthinkthattheirparentsareoutoftouchwithmodernways,thatthey