考研作文基础素材讲义.docx

考研作文基础素材讲义.docx

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考研作文基础素材讲义

Internetisplayinganimportantroleinpeople’slife,especiallytheyoungones’.

Itisinternetthatisplayinganimportantroleinpeople’slife,especiallytheyoungones’.

Themutualcooperationbetweenpeopleisactually/absolutelyessential/indispensableinpeople’sdevelopment,bothindividuallyandcollectively.

Cyber

Notonlybutalso

虚拟语气

1Isuggestdoing

2mysuggestionisthat

3itishighly/fairly/largelyimperative/proper/appropriatethat

校园生活

背景Increasingnumberofgraduates;

Reducingvacantjobsinmarket

原因Incompetentcandidates;Unclearemploymenttargets;temporaryrecessiveeconomy

解决方式Clearly-orientedinjobfair/selection;government’sinterference/intervention

家庭生活

背景1thegreatchangesinmodernscienceandsocietyhaverenderedthefamilymodesthoroughlydifferentthanbefore,namely,muchsmallerandindependentthanthepastdecades.

问题2thelesscloserfamilyrelation,inthemodernsociety,wecanfind/figureoutthat/identifythatwearethepeoplewhoarelivinginalesscloserfamily.;thelifestyleinfamiliesturnstobemoreefficientandconvenient;themutual/effective/reciprocalcommunicationbetweenfamilymembersbecomeslessfrequent.

解决3thetraditionallifestyleshallbeadvocated;/amoretraditional/conventionallifeshallbepreferred.boththeparentsandchildrenshouldabideby/shouldertheirowndutiesandresponsibilities.

现代科技

背景Theproductsofmodernscientificdevelopmenthavebeenseenandenjoyedinmanyaspects/termslikebiological,medical,artisticalandevensociologicalscopes.

Therearegreatchangesinthepastdecades.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepastdecades/.

Thepastdecadeshavewitnessed/seen/enjoyedthetremendouschangeshappeninghere.

Thepastdecadeshavewitnessedtherevolutionarychangesinthefamilymodes;

Thepastfewyearshaveseenthesubtle/slightchangesinthestateofmindofcontemporaryuniversitystudents.

好处2benefits:

Makethesocialmaterialsandaffluencemuchmoreabundantthanbefore;stimulatemorecreative/ingenious/innovativeideas;betterthelivingconditionsforhumanbeings;

Materialsatisfaction/gratification/rewards

Materialaffluence;

Non-materialrewards/pursuit

stuff

坏处Drawbacks:

Consumetoomuchvaluablenaturalandhumanresources;someproductsbringthedestructiveeffectsonhumansociety;

解决方式Establishthejustifiableandrationalattitudetowardtheapplicationofscientificproductsandpromote/popularizetheproperapproachesofapplyingthem.

传媒

背景1thepopularityofadvertisement/commercialsisactuallyamustandnecessityofthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.=itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatthepastdecadeshaveseenthemustandnecessityofthepopularityofcommercials/advertisements/internet/mobilephones.

好处2enablecustomerstobemoreinformative;enablecustomerstobewiserandmorecriticalincommodityselection;enhance/stimulate/promotethecompetitioninindustries;

坏处Drawbacks:

1somewhatmisleadorcheat/deceivethecustomersbyoverstatingtheadvertisingeffects;somehowspoiltheintegrityoftheprogramsshownonscreen

解决方式3customersshalljudgeandselectinamorerationalwayinsteadof/ratherthanmakingmoreemotionalchoices;thesystemforgovernmenttoregulateandsupervisethismarketneedstobebuiltup.

环境

背景1thefastscientificdevelopmentandtheindifferentattitudeofhumanbeingshavebothexertedmuchinfluenceonthesustainabledevelopmentofenvironment.

Thepastdecades/century/erahave/hasseenthemuchinfluenceexertedbyboththefastscientificdevelopmentandindifferentattitudeofhumanbeingsonthesustainableenvironment.

表现2thenaturalresourceshavebeenoverlyconsumedsothatthewater,naturalgas,rainforestsandeventhepolarregionscanhardlysurviveandthriveinthefuture;thegovernments’environmentally-friendlypolicieshavebeenhardlyeffectivelyenforcedandobeyedsuchastheunsuccessfullaunchofthebanofplasticbagsinsomeremoteareas.

解决方式Themultinationalcooperationtofightagainsttheenvironmentalcontaminationisofgreat/immediateneedandvalue;individualsshallestablishthemoreenvironmentally-friendlyattitudeandawareness.

People---individuals,thegeneralpublic,thesociety,humanraces

Allthepeople—all

Somepeople—some

Otherpeople—others

Everyoneofthepeople—each

Anypeople---any/anyone

社会问题

行为问题

1materialsatisfactionisthebasicfoundationofmentalgratification.（Thepastdecades,eventhepasthumanhistory,havealwayswitnessedthephenomenon/trendthatallareintheperpetual/unceasingpursuitofmaterialsatisfaction.）Theywillmutuallyinfluenceeachotherinaninteractiveway.People,withthepurposeofmeetingtheirownphysicalneedofeating,drinkingandsleeping,willmakegreateffortstogainmorematerialawards.Inotherwords,thewholesociety/thesocietyasawholewillbethereforegreatlypropelled/advancedasthegreatmaterialaffluenceisaccumulated.However,afterpeople’sphysicalneedsaresatisfied,theywillbefairlyconcernedwiththeirownspiritualgratificationbyvariousmeanssuchasseekingoutsometheirowninterestorfulfillingtheirpreciousdreams.Inaword,bothmaterialandspiritualsatisfactionwillberequiredbyhumanbeings.

2合作和竞争

•Competitioncanhavebothbeneficialanddetrimentaleffects.Manyevolutionarybiologists/scientistsviewinterspeciesandintraspecies/differentspeciescompetitionasthedrivingforceofadaptationandultimately,evolution.

•Thepastdecadeshaveenjoyedthephenomenonthatthemajorityofpeopleviewcompetitionasthedrivingforceoftheirprogressinisuchaever-changingsociety.

•SomesocialDarwinistsclaimcontroversiallythatcompetitionalsoservesasamechanismfordeterminingthebest-suitedgroup,politically,economicallyandecologically.Platonism

• Onthenegativeside/ononeside/ontheotherside/onthepositiveside,competitioncancauseinjurytotheorganismsinvolved,anddrainvaluableresourcesandenergy./braindrainageHumancompetitioncanbeexpensive/tobesuperiorinacompetitioncanbeexpensive,asisthecasewithpoliticalelections,internationalsportscompetitionsandadvertisingwars.Itcanleadtothecompromisingofethical/moralstandardsinordertogainanadvantage.

3失败和成功

失败乃成功之母.---usefulconstructiveexperience

成功乃失败之母.---prideandindifference

成功乃成功之母.---confidence,wisdom,experience

失败乃失败之母.---frustration,lackofconfidence

解决方案---attitude,experience,approach

4

模仿乃成功的最快方式.

不断的模仿而不创新必定会导致失败.---continuousimitation/successionwilldefinitelyleadtosomefailurebecausethereisnocreativeideainvolvedbutmerelytheold-fashioned/stereotypednotionsorapproaches.

纯粹的创新会有巨大的成本以及要求获得多方面的支持.However,themere/sheercreativitywillconsumetoomuchcostandgreatsupportfromdifferentsectorsinvolved.

正确的使用方法和态度和监管----良性循环,继承中/模仿中有创新,创新的成功率也更高.

Thesolutionshalllieintheproperapproachesandscientificsupervision,whichwillleadtothewholesomecirclewherebothimitationandcreativitycanbepositivelyinfluenced,resultingintheless-costlyandmore-efficientcreativityandmostinspiringimitation/succession.

大作文中间段落的结构展示

1并列逻辑类

背景:

with……,universitystudents…..Thereasonswhichcontributetothisshockinganddepressingsocialphenomenonlieinthefollowingaspects.Firstly,….Secondly,….Thirdly,…,

2正反/反正

Admittedly/concededly/inspiteofthefactthat/despitethefactthat…正/反,+details;反/正+details

正/反+details.However,nevertheless,notwithstanding,nonetheless,ontheotherhand,+反/正+details

WiththewideapplicationofInternet,whichisdefinitelyoneofthegreatestinventionsin20thcentury,anincreasingnumberofpeople,especiallytheyouth,formthehabitofsurfingonline.Admittedly,thecolorfulandattractivecyberlifehasrenderedthemutualacquaintance/communicationbetweenstrangersmucheasierthanbeforebymeansofsomeadvancedsoftwarelikeMSNorQQ.Notonlycanweknowalotofpeoplebutalsowecandomanyinterestingthings.（however）Suchapopularlifestylewillaswellexertsomenegativeinfluenceuponpeople’sthinkingandbehavior.

Itisthecomputer,namelytheInternetthathasmadetherealface-to-facecommunication/talklessfrequent.Theeasyacquaintanceactuallyfailstobefriendothers.Infact,Internetintensifiesthelonelinessofhumanbeings.