学年高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx

学年高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx

《学年高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《学年高中英语 单元质量评估四新人教版必修4.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

学年高中英语单元质量评估四新人教版必修4

单元质量评估（四）

时间：

100分钟　分数：

120分

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Wehaveallheardthesewords：

“justputonahappyface”or“turnthatfrownupsidedown”．Canthesimpleactofsmilingactuallymakeusfeelbetter?

Ourfaceisformedbyavarietyofratherthinbones.Themusclesthatattachtothesebonesbecomesmallerwhenwearehappyorwhenwewanttolaugh.Theresultingfacialexpressionisuniversallyrecognizedasasmileandindicatesourpositiveemotionalstatus.Sometimes，peoplepresentfake（假的）smiles.

Buthowdoesthebrainachievebothtypesofsmilesusingthesamefacialmuscles?

Italldependsuponwhichpartofthebrainstartsthesmile.Ifthebrain'sdopamineneurons（多巴胺能神经元）startthesmile，thenthesmilelookssincere.Ifthebrain'smotorcortexstartsthesmile，inotherwords，ifweareconsciouslywillingourselvestosmile，thenaslightlydifferentsetoffacialmusclesareactivated.Itcanbedifficulttodescribepreciselyhowrealandfakesmilesdiffer，butweareallverycapableatknowingthedifference.Butcanforcingyourselftosmileproducethesamekindsofgoodfeelingsasarealsmiledoes?

Anythingthatpromptsthereleaseofdopamineinthebrainbringspleasure.Forexample，cocaineandcoffeebothreleasedopamineinthebrain.Thereleaseofdopamineinthefronthalfofourbrainisaccompaniedbyarealsmile.Butcanthisprocessbereversed?

Whataboutputtingonthathappyface?

Canthesimpleactofsmilingbringpleasure?

Yes.

Whenwesmile，fakeorreal，thecontractionofthefacialmusclesslightlydistorts（扭曲）theshapeofthethinfacialbones.Thisslightdistortionintheirshapeleadstoanincreaseinbloodflowintothebrainandthenincreasesthereleaseofdopamine.Asaresult，walkingaroundalldaywithasmileonyourfacewillmakeyourmoodhappier.Notonlywillyoubehappierbutyoursmilemightleadtothereleaseofdopamineinsomeoneelse'sbrain—nowthattrulyshowsthepowerofasmile.

【语篇解读】　我们经常说，面带微笑不仅可以让自己快乐，也会让别人感受到快乐。

本文就围绕微笑是如何使人快乐的进行了论述。

1．Whenwesmilesincerely，________．

A．bonesinourfacebecomethin

B．musclesinthefacebecomesmaller

C．thebrain'sdopamineneuronsstopworking

D．thebrain'smotorcortexstartstowork

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句“Themusclesthatattachtothesebonesbecomesmallerwhenwearehappyorwhenwewanttolaugh.”可知，答案为B项。

答案：

B

2．WhatistheRIGHTorderofthefollowingactions?

①morebloodflowsintothebrain

②smile

③shapeofthethinfacialbonesisdistorted

④releaseofdopamine

A．②③①④　　　B．②①③④

C．②①④③D．②④③①

解析：

细节理解题。

根据最后一段“Whenwesmile...slightlydistorts（扭曲）theshapeofthethinfacialbones.”和“...leadstoanincreaseinbloodflowintothebrainandthenincreasesthereleaseofdopamine.”可知，答案为A项。

答案：

A

3．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

A．Realandfakesmilesarestartedbythesamepartofthebrain.

B．It'shardtoknowthedifferencebetweenrealandfakesmiles.

C．Wecan'taffectthereleaseofdopamineinothers'brain.

D．Weshouldtrytosmileeventhoughwearenotveryhappy.

解析：

推理判断题。

根据第四段“Whataboutputtingonthathappyface？

Canthesimpleactofsmilingbringpleasure？

Yes.”和最后一段内容可推断，答案为D项。

微笑能给我们带来快乐，所以不管高兴与否，都要面带微笑。

答案：

D

B

InEnglandrecentlythreeforeigngentlemencametoabusstopandwaited.Aboutfiveminuteslater，thebustheywantedcamealong.Theywerejustgoingtogetonwhensuddenlytherewasaloudnoisebehindthem.Peoplerushedontothebusandtriedtopushthemoutoftheway.Someoneshoutedatthem.Thebusconductorcamerushingdownthestairstoseewhatallthetroublewasabout.Thethreeforeignersseemedallat_seaandlookedembarrassed.NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustomofliningupforabusthatthefirstpersonwhoarrivesatthebusstopisthefirstpersontogetonthebus.

Learningthelanguageofacountryisn'tenough.Ifyouwanttohaveapleasantvisit，findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.Youwillprobablybesurprisedjusthowdifferenttheycanbefromyourown.AvisitortoIndiawoulddowelltorememberthatpeoplethereconsideritimpolitetousethelefthandforpassingfoodattable.Thelefthandissupposedtobeusedforwashingyourself.AlsoinIndia，youmightseeamanshakinghisheadatanothertoshowthathedoesn'tagree.ButinmanypartsofIndiaashakeoftheheadmeansagreement.NoddingyourheadwhenyouaregivenadrinkinBulgariawillmostprobablyleaveyouthirsty.

【语篇解读】　文章以一个小故事作为开头，向我们介绍了英国人的乘车习惯，并进一步向我们介绍了不同国家的风俗习惯。

5．TheBritishpeopletriedtopushthethreegentlemenoutoftheway，becausethegentlemen________．

A．wereforeigners

B．didn'thavetickets

C．madealoudnoise

D．didn'tlineupforthebus

解析：

细节理解题。

由第一段的“NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustomofliningupforabusthat...onthebus.”可知，英国人因为这三位外国人没有排队而将他们推到一边。

答案：

D

6．Accordingtothearticle，ifyouwanttohaveapleasantjourneyinaforeigncountry，youshould________．

A．learnthelanguageofthecountry

B．understandthemannersandcustomsofthecountry

C．haveenoughtimeandmoney

D．makefriendswiththepeoplethere

解析：

细节理解题。

由第二段第二句话“Ifyouwanttohaveapleasantvisit，findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.”可知，当我们到国外旅行时，应该对目标国的风俗有所了解。

答案：

B

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atsea”probablymean?

A．Tired.B．Disappointed.

C．Pleased.D．Confused.

解析：

词义猜测题。

根据画线短语后的一句话可知，这三位外国人对英国的风俗并不知情，由此可知，当他们面对英国人当时的反应时会感到迷惑。

答案：

D

8．InIndiaitisconsideredimpolite________．

A．tousetherighthandforpassingfoodattable

B．topassfoodwiththelefthand

C．toeatfoodwithyourhands

D．tohelpyourselfattable

解析：

细节理解题。

由第二段的“AvisitortoIndiawoulddowelltorememberthatpeoplethereconsideritimpolitetousethelefthandforpassingfoodattable.”可知，在印度用左手递食物被认为是不礼貌的。

答案：

B

C

WhenIwasyoung，Iwishedforagoodcarandabighouse.Thatwasmyideaofsuccess.Itookalltheadvancedclassesandtriedtodowellintheexamswithmymindfocusedongoingtoakeyschool.IjustknewthatIwouldsomehowbecomefamousandbeabletoaffordthecarandthedreamhouse.Allthewaythroughjunioryears，mymindwasplanningthisbeautifulfuture.

Thenintheeleventhgrade，manylosseschangedmymind.First，oneofmyfriendsdiedat16.Soonafter，mygreat－grandmotherpassedaway，followedbymybelovedfourth－gradeteacher.Theseeventsleftmenotknowingwhattodoorwheretogo.Deathhadnevertouchedmesoclosely.

Afteralongperiodofemptiness，itfinallystruckme：

lifeisnotpromisedandneitherisfuturesuccess.ThoughIwasattemptingtoachievematerialsuccess，Iwasnotenjoyingmydailylife.Irealizedthatfindinginnerpeace,purposeandhappinesswillstickwithmeforeverandthatisrealsuccess.

Enjoyinglife'spreciousquirks（突发事件）makesanordinarypersonmoresuccessfulthanawealthypersonwhoisn'tcontentandtakeseverythingforgranted.Thesummerbeforesenioryears，myattitudechangedgreatly.Insteadofmemorizingfacts，Ibegantolearnskills.Insteadoffocusingonthefuture，Ifocusedontodayandthentheblessingsandsuccessescamewithit.

Istillgetexcellentgrades，butnowIdevoteweekstostudyinginsteadofstrugglingforexams，andIthinkaboutthefuturewithadeepersenseofmeaning.Forme，beingsuccessfulmeanstrulylivinglifeeachday.

【语篇解读】　作者在文中叙述了自己对于“成功”一词的理解发生改变的过程。

8．Thereasonwhytheauthorchangedhisideaofsuccessisthat________．

A．hecan'taffordhishouse

B．hisbelovedteacherdied

C．hedidn'tknowwhattodoorwheretogo

D．helostafewbelovedpersonsinashorttime

解析：

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的“Thenintheeleventhgrade，manylosseschangedmymind.First，oneofmyfriendsdiedat16.Soonafter，mygreat－grandmotherpassedaway，followedbymybelovedfourth－gradeteacher.”可知，是作者的朋友、曾祖母及四年级老师这几位自己很喜爱的人的相继去世使作者改变了想法。

故选D。

答案：

D

9．Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingistherealsuccessforaperson?

A．Beingfamous.

B．Trulylivinglifeeachday.

C．Goodcarsandbighouses.

D．Materialachievements.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的“Forme，beingsuccessfulmeanstrulylivinglifeeachday.”可知，在作者看来，成功意味着过好生活中的每一天。

故选B。

答案：

B

10．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellthereaders?

A．Thetruemeaningoflife.

B．Thetruemeaningofstudying.

C．Howtoachievesuccess.

D．Hisopinionaboutsuccess.

解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“WhenIwasyoung，Iwishedforagoodcarandabighouse.Thatwasmyideaofsuccess.”和第二段中的“Thenintheeleventhgrade，manylosseschangedmymind.”及在最后一段中的“Forme，beingsuccessfulmeanstrulylivinglifeeachday.”可知，作者在文中告诉读者自己对于“成功”一词的理解。

本题选D。

答案：

D

11．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A．Theauthorthinksthatsuccessisnotpromised.

B．Histeacherdiedbeforethedeathofhisgreat－grandpa.

C．Theauthordidn'tdowellinalltheexams.

D．Hedidn'twanttotakealltheexams.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Afteralongperiodofemptiness，itfinallystruckme：

lifeisnotpromisedandneitherisfuturesuccess.”可知，作者认为生活和未来的成功都不是约定好的。

故选A。

答案：

A

D

MetroPocketGuide

Metrorail（地铁）

Eachpassengerneedsafarecardtoenterandgoout.Uptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelfreewithapayingcustomer.

Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.

GetonedayofunlimitedMetrorailrideswithaOneDayPass.BuyitfromafarecardmachineinMetrostations.Useitafter9：

30amuntilclosingonweekdays，andalldayonweekendsandholidays.

Hours_of_Service

Open：

5amMon.－Fri.　7amSat.—Sun.

Close：

midnightSun.—Thurs.3amFri.—Sat.nights

Lasttraintimesvary.Toavoid（避免）missingthelasttrain，pleasecheckthelasttraintimespostedinthestations.

Metrobus

Whenpayingwithexactchange，thefareis$1.3