人教版初三上英语第18讲Unit 9语法学生篇.docx
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人教版初三上英语第18讲Unit9语法学生篇
第18讲Unit9语法篇
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被动语态和定语从句
1.被动语态
（1）.被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
（2）.被动语态基本结构：
be+及物动词的过去分词
（如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词）
（3）.被动语态中的be是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为：
am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为：
was/were+过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态：
情态动词+be+过去分词
（4）.被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句
末，by表示“由，被”的意思
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句
e.g.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.
music是先行词，that是关系代词
HeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.
man是先行词，who是关系代词
RULES
人（n.）+who/that+从句物（n.）+that/which+从句
关系代词who;that;的作用：
a.做代词，代替先行词
b.在从句中担任句子成分：
主语或宾语
c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来
who/that/which在定语从句中做主语时，
谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致
1.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.
--Ithinkabridge（桥）______overtheriver.
A.shouldbebuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.wasbuilt
2.AfterMandelawasfree（自由的）in1990,hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople________wantedtokillhim.
A.whoseB.whichC./D.who
3.Themovie______wesawlastnightwasfantastic.
A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.Who
4.—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?
—I’mnotsure.Isitinthehall_____canhold300people?
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.when
5.Someoldpeopleliketoliveinaflat________isnotveryhigh.
A.thatB.whoC.whatD
.whose
基础演练
I.用适当的关系词填空（that、who、which、whom）
1.Alicelikessingers_________writetheirownmusic.
2.Generally,oldpeoplelikemusic_______isquietandgentle.
3.Thegirl____________oftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.
4.Thisistheschoolin_______Istudiedtwoyearsago.
5.Theman_______istalkingwithmyfatheroverthereisourheadteacher.
II.按照要求写句子。
1.The book is interesting . You lent it to me yesterday . （合成定语从句）
________________________________________________________________
2.Theypreferthiskindoffruittothatkind.（改为同义句）
They______thiskindoffruit____________thatkind.
3Howaboutthebook?
（改为同义句）Whatdoyou____________thebook?
4.Ididn'tknowhowIcouldrepairthebike.（改为简单句）
Ididn'tknow____________repairthebike.
5.Ricklikesmusicthat’ssoftandsmooth.（对划线部分提问）
______________________________musicdoesRicklike?
巩固提高
I.按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。
1.Whatyousaidmademethinkofmydog’sdeath.（改为同义句）
Whatyousaid_______________________mydog’sdeath.
2.TheypreferstayingathometogoingoutonSundays.（改为同义句）
Theywouldlike______________athome______________gooutonSundays.
3.Heisinterviewingamiddleschoolstudent.HeiscalledBob.（合并为一句）
Heisinterviewingamiddleschoolstudent________________.
4.Thestoryisverypopular.Tomhasjusttoldit.（合并为含定语从句的复合句）
Thestory________Tom________just________________verypopular.
5.ThetallmanisLiuJian’sfather.Heissmokingover
there.（合并为含定语从句的复合句）
Thetallman________________________overthere________LiuJian’sfather.
I.单项选择
1.—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?
—I’mnotsure.Isitinthehall_____canhold300people?
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.when
2,。
—TheTVplayyouwhocamefromthestarsispopularrecently.
—Yes，itisonlytheprogram____Iwatchedthismonth.
A.whoB.thatC.whereD.when
3.Couldyoutellmetheresultofthediscussion_____youhadmadeinthemorningjustnow?
A.thatB.whenC.howD.Who
4.PeopleinKorea____bowwhentheymeetforthefirsttime.
A.supposedB.aresupposetoC.aresupposedto
5.“Henry,you______telltheteacherifyouwanttogooutoftheclassroom.”“Sorry,sir.”
A.aresupposedtoB.aresurprisedtoC.areafraidto
6.—IsKateserious?
—I________.Shenevermeansit.
A.supposeB.agreeC.believeD.wonder
II.完形填空
Goodmannersmeanskindlyandthoughtfulconsideration（体贴）forothers.Politeboysandgirlswillalwaysobeythefollowingrules:
（1）.Astothemselves:
Behonest,truthful,andpure.Donotuse1language.Keepoutofbadcompany（族,群）.
（2）.Athome:
Helpyourparentsasmuchasyoucan.Doyourbestto2them.Donotbeselfish,butshareallyourgoodthings.
（3）.Atschool;Respectyour3.Obeythe4rules.Donot"copy"orcheatinanyway.Donotcutthedesk.
（4）.Atplay:
Donotcheatatgames.Donotbully（倚强凌弱）.Bepleasantandnotquarrelsome.Donotcallyourschoolmatesnames.
（5）.Inthestreet:
Greetyourteachersandacquaintances（熟人）whenyoumeetthem.Donotpushorrunagainstpeople.Donot5ondoors,walls,orongateswithchalk.Donotthrowstones,ordestroyproperty.Donotthroworangepeel6bananaskins.Donotmake7ofoldor8people,butbepolitetothem,aswellastostrangersandforeigners.
（6）.Everywhere:
Neverberudeto9,whetherolderoryounger,richerorpoorer,thanyourself.Remembertosay"Please"or"Thankyou","Yes,Sir"or"Yes,madam"."No,sir"or"No,madam".Before10aroomitisoftenpolitetoknockatthedoorDonotforgettoclosethedoorquietlyafteryou.Neverinterruptwhenapersonisspeaking.
Alwaysmindyourownbusiness.Bepunctual.Betidy.
1.A.good
B.bad
C.kind
D.honest
2.A.please
B.happy
C.glad
D.play
3.A.parents
B.workers
C.teachers
D.books
4.A.traffic
B.school
C.family
D.factory
5.A.wrote
B.put
C.dig
D.draw
6.A.or
B.and
C.with
D.without
7A.laugh
B.smile
C.fun
D.fan
8.A.young
B.blind
C.rich
D.bad
9.A.anybody
B.somebody
C.nobody
D.none
10.A.go
B.gointo
C.going
D.entering
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I单项选择
1.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.（2014-15提优训练）
--Ithinkabridge（桥）______overtheriver.
A.shouldbebuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.wasbuilt
2.TherearesomanykindsofMP3intheshop.Wecan’tdecide______.（2014-15提优训练）
A.whattobuy.B.tobuywhatC.whichtobuyD.tobuywhich.
3.—PuShu’snewsong“OrdinaryRoad”haswonhigh fromthepublic.（2014-15提优训练）
—Yes.Itsimplymovesmillionsofpeople.
A.praiseB.recordC.adviceD.purpose
4.—Theconcertthiseveningissuretobeexciting.（2014-15提优训练）
—Butitisa thatIcannotgotherewithyou.
A.joyB.wonderC.pityD.wound
5.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?
（2014-15提优训练）
—Ilikemusic________Icandanceto.
A．becauseB．whenC．whoD．that
6.Hehasafriendwho____thepianoverywell.（2014-15提优训练）
A.playB.playingC.playsD.played
7.--Howaboutgoinghikingthisweekend?
--Sorry,Iprefer_____ratherthan_____.
A.tostayathome,gooutB.togoout,stayathome
C.stayingathome,gooutD.goingout,stayathome.
8.WhenI’msadortired,Ioftenlistentomusicthatcan .
A.cheermeup B.cheerupmeC.pickmeupD.pickupme
9.YoucanimproveyourEnglish________readingmore.
A．inB．withC．byD．of
10.Myparentsgave________anicetoybearformybirthday.
A．IB．mineC．myD．me
11.Thereis__________rainthismidsummer.
A.toomanyB.somanyC.muchtooD.toomuch
12.—MyparentssaythatGuoJingming’smoviesareabsurd（荒谬的）.
—Maybetheyareright.ButGuoisgoodatmakingfilms arelikedbyteenagers.
A.whatB.thoseC.whoD.that
13.__________pity!
Youcan’tcometomyparty.
A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa
14.Beingblindissomething________mostpeoplecan'timagine.
A．whoB．whatC．thatD．whom
15.Doyouhave_________________tosay?
A.somethingelseB.elsesomethingC.anythingelseD.elseanything
II.阅读理解
A
Beforethe19thcentury,thousandsoflanguageshavebeenmadetoachieveonedreambutonlyonemadeit.Peopleweretryingtofindawaytoendpeople’scommunicationtroubleandcreatepeacebetweeneachother.ThenonedayEsperanto（世界语）wentintopeople’seyes.Itwasthemostwidelyspokenman-madelanguageandLudwikZamenhofwasitscreator.Hespenthiswholelifeontheamazinglanguage.
ZamenhofwasbornonDecember15,1859inthetownofBiatystokwhichisnowpartofPoland.Heconsideredhisnativelanguagetobehisfather’sRussian,butalsohismother’sYiddish.Ashegrewolder,hespokemorePolish,whichlaterbecamethenativelanguageofhischildren.HisfatherwasateacherofGerman,andhealsospokethatlanguageoften.LaterhelearnedFrench,Latin,Greek,Hebrew,andEnglish,andhadaninterestinItalian,SpanishandLithuanian.
ThepopulationofBiatystokwasmadeupofthreegroups:
Poles,GermansandBelarusians.Therewereoftenquarrels（争执）amongthesegroups.Zamenhofwasfrustratedbythemanyquarrels.Hesupposedthatthemainreasonforthiswasthemisunderstandingbecausetherewasnoonecommonlanguage.Thenhebegantocreateanewlanguage,andhopeditwouldrealizetheidealofpeaceandunderstanding.Duringhismiddleschooldays,aftercomparingwithmanylanguageshehadknown,hecreatedauniversal（通用的）language.Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinallycreatedEsperanto.
LudwikZamenhofdiedonApril14,1917,andwasburiedintheJewishCemeteryonOkopowaStreetinWarsaw.
1.Zamenhof’sfather’snativelanguagewas .
A.RussianB.EnglishC.Yiddish
2.Accordingtothepassage,Zamenhofcouldspeak languagesatleast.
A.11B.13C.15
3.WhydidZamenhofinventEsperanto?
A.Becausehecouldspeakmanykindsof
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