erveal the reason of social corruption through vanity fair 通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因大学论文.docx
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ervealthereasonofsocialcorruptionthroughvanityfair通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因大学论文
RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair
通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因
摘要
《名利场》是19世纪著名批判现实主义家威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷的代表作。
小说中塑造了各式各样的人物,自私和虚伪充斥整篇小说。
通过分析人物,我们可以得出这样的结论:
19世纪的英国社会已经腐败。
本文认为社会腐败首先源于社会经济的迅速发展,巨大的财富是滋生社会腐败的物质基础。
其次在于社会主流文化的导向作用,健康向上的主流社会文化能够有效抑制负面文化的滋生。
第三是社会生活中人们的精神态度,这里的精神态度指的是人们对主流文化的主观能动作用,即人们是否推存社会主流文化。
关键词:
萨克雷社会腐化主流文化
【Abstract】
RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair
VanityFairisthefamouscriticalrealismmasterpieceofWilliamMakepeaceThackerayinthe19thcentury.Thackeraycreatedawidevarietyofcharactersinthenovel;mostofthepeoplewerefullofselfishandhypocrisy.Byanalyzingthecharacters,wecancometothisconclusion:
Thereasonsofthesocietycorrupted.Therearethreereasonsforsocialcorruption.Firstly,rapiddevelopmentofsocialeconomy,greatwealthisthematerialbasisforsocialcorruption.Thesecondone,thedirectionofmainstreamculture,ahealthymainstreamculturecaneffectivelyinhibitthenegativeculture.Thelastone,people’smentalstateinsociallife,mentalstateherereferstopeople’ssubjectivedynamic-roletothemainstreamculture,namelywhetherpeoplefollowthemainstreamculture.
【KeyWords】:
Thackeray;socialcorruption;mainstreamculture
TableofContents
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................4
Chapter1SOCIALCORRUPTIONSTUDYOFVANITYFAIRTHROUGHMATERIALDEVELOPMENTANDSOCIALMAINSTREAMCULTURE...................................................................................................................5
1.1TheEffectofMaterialDevelopmenttoSocialCorruption....................................................................................................................5
1.2TheEffectofSocialMainstreamCulturetoSocialCorruption....................................................................................................................5
Chapter2SOCIALCORRUPTINSTUDYOFVANTIYFAIRTHROUGHPEOPLE’SMENTALSTATE........................................................................................................................7
2.1TheMentalStatesofRulingClass..............................................................................................................................7
2.2TheMentalStatesofMiddleClass............................................................................................................................7
2.3TheMentalStatesoftheLowerClass............................................................................................................................8
CONCLUTION...........................................................................................................10
BIBLOGRAPHY.........................................................................................................10
RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair
INTRUDUCTION
1.TheAuthorofVanityFair
WilliamMakepeaceThackeray(1811-1863)wasbornatCalcutta.Hewasarepresentativeofcriticalrealismin19thcenturywhohasthesamereputationwithCharlesDickensinEngland.Hewasnotonlyagreatrealismwriterbutalsoahumorist.Itcancalledhewasamastermindofhumor.Inhisearlyeducation,anindependentspiritwasinfusedtosmallThackeray,sohewenthisownway,attendingvariousschoolandleavingThinitycollege,Cambridgewithouttakingadegree.HebecameanexperiencedwriterbecauseoftheenvironmentofhelivedandstudiedinIndiaandContinentalEuropeinhisearlyyears,andhisroughdestiny.Thereisnodoubtthatinhisnovel,heexposedseveralmalpracticeinthatsocialandespeciallynoblemananddarknessclimber’smask.HeusedhispentodisclosethedarknessofsocietyandtheVanityFairisavividandsatireembodimentinthattimeandsociety.Ashesaid“Theoriginalofcorruptthehumanmoralityisthewholesociety’sselfish”.VanityFairisMrThackeray’smostimportantwork,ExceptVanityFair,healsohadotherfamousworks.SuchasTheHistoryofHenryEsmond,theFull-lengthnovelsofTheHistoryofPendennis,TheVirginians,theMedium-lengthnovelsofTheluckofBarryLyndon,andtheshortstorycollectionsofTheBookofSnobs.
2.ThePlotofVanityFair
ThetitleofVanityFairwastakenfromBunyan’sPilgrim’sProgress.ItalsocalledANovelwithoutaHero.Thesceneofthestorywasthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturyinEngland.ThenovelopenswithtwogirlsfromtheirschoolonLondonSuburb,wheretheyhadstudyfor6years.OneofthemwasAmalia,thedaughterofawealthyLondonfamily,whodidn’testeemthevaluesofVanityFair.TheotherwasBecky,anorphanwhocaresofnothingelseexceptmoneyandposition.Amaliawasavirtuousandcharminggirl,whowontheloveofeverybodywhocameneartoher,sotheclassmateswerefriendlyandkindlytoher.Asauthorsaid“Herfaceblushedwithrosyhealthy,andherlipshadthefreshestofthesmiles”.Onethecontrary,BeckywassoimpolitethatshethrewoutthedictionarythatMissJemicagaveherasgift.Theyhaddifferentbackgroundoffamily,dispositionandsocialstatusthatcausedthedifferentlife.Whatagreedladywho’sfatherisadiedartist,shepassedallkindsofwaystogetmoneyandposition,andshewantedtoentrythehighersociety,butshedidn’tknowthatthenoisecanonlymakeherselflonelyanddesolated.PurelygirlAmaliafallendeepinlovewithfrivolousofficerandhadbeenabandoned.Eveniftheymarried,theofficeralsodiedinbattle.TheauthorpaintedapictureofVanityFairinrealitylifevividlyanddescribedthedeceit,betrayal,incisivelyanduglybehavior.
Chapter1SocialCorruptionStudyofVanityFairthroughMaterialDevelopmentandSocialMainstreamCulture
Asweallknow,theeconomicisacountry’sbasic,thecultureisanationality’ssoul,socountryornation’sprosperityorcorruptioncannotleavetheeconomicandculture.
1.1TheEffectofMaterialDevelopmenttoSocialCorruption
After1801,theUnitedKingdomwonthefinalwarwithFrancelastingfor14years.BritishRoyalNavycontrolledtheseas.Asweallknow,itcalledmaritimeempire,it’sgoodforinternationaltrade,andduetothegreatdevelopmentofcommercial.UnitedKingdombegantoexpandthescopeoftheBritishcolony,providedcheaprawmaterials,industrialproductsalsoprovidethemajorityofthemarket,createdafavorableenvironmentforindustrialdevelopment.Inthattime,UnitedStatealsowasinIndustrialRevolution.Withnewmachineshelped,theUnitedKingdomcontinuouslyimprovesit’sproductivitywhichisseveraltimesthespeedofdevelopment.IndustrialoutputoftheUKwasalsorisinginthemid-19century,Britishhadbecametheworld’smostadvancedcountry,noothercountrycanreadytocompetewithherinindustrialproduction.
Atthesametime,therapiddevelopmentofindustrialalsopromotethedevelopmentoftheurbanization,andsomelargecitiesappearedandgrownstrongerandstronger,especiallythelargeindustrialcitiesraisedrapidlyandalargenumberofruralpeopleswarmedintocitiestogetbetterlivelihood,theUnitedKingdomwasextremelyrapidprocessofurbanizationruralwayoflifeisgraduallyfadingoutofsight,replacedbyanewlifestyleandphilosophy.
Intheworkwecanseethatthehighlydevelopedeconomy.ItisdevelopmentofeconomythatpavesthewayforBritish,alsoitprovidedthehotbedforthecorruptionofthepeople.
Fortunately,itappearedapersonwhorecordedthechangeanddevelopmentoftheUnitedKingdom.Helivedinthattime,andheknownalotofaboutwhathappenedinthistimeandthiscountry.Hethroughanoveltoexpressthecorruptionofcountry.Inthisnovel,Amelia’sfatherandGeorge’sfatherweregoodfriendsbeforeAmelia’sfatherwentbankrupt.Becauseoftheindustrialrevolution,theybecamericherandricherandforgotwhatistherealmeaningoftherealfriendsintheirlife.Therearetwolargefamiliesinthisnovel,manyclassicalallusionsfrompopularobjectsreflectedthehistoricalbackground,lawsandregulations,socialcustomsandeventheauthor’sartisticintention.
1.2TheEffectofSocialMainstreamCulturetoSocialCorruption
Intheworkwecanseethattheprocessofindustrialization,theindustrialbourgeoisieandtheinterestsoftheworkingclassfromthepastgraduallyevolvedintoantagonisticclasses.IntheIndustrialRevolution,largeindustrialmachinerygraduallyreplacedhandicraftproduction;workershavebecametheaccessoriesofmachine.Maximizeprofitswastheobjectofcapitalists,theydoeverythingpossibletoincreaseworkinghours,increasinglaborintensitywithlowerwageevenifwomen,childrenandoldpeople.Capitalistscannotgiveworkerthenecessarysafety.Poorworkingenvironment,serioushealthhazardsthreatworker’shealthandpersonalsafety.
Marketcompetition,alsocausedalargenumberofthepoor.Tothelate19thcentury,Britainhadnearlyamillionpeopleunemployed.Thedevelopmentofcapitalismcametothefreeheyday,bourgeoisiecontemptforhumanrights,nottotheunemployedandthepoorastheythink,thatpovertyisdueto“personallaziness”,withsuchideas1834,undertheimpetusoftheindustrialbourgeoisie,thegovernmentenacteda“poorlaw”.Thislawestablishedinthecountryworkhouse,wherenosourceofincome,inneedofsocialassistanceisrequiredtoentertheworkhouse,Butthepoorwerestillforcedtodoheavymanuallaborwithextremelypoorlivingconditions.
Thischangedpeople’sidealaboutsociety,peoplebecamemoneyworship,theytrytheirbesttomakemoneyforlife.Moneybecamethe