高考专题 情态动词 虚拟语气.docx

高考专题 情态动词 虚拟语气.docx

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高考专题情态动词虚拟语气

情态动词

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。

情态动词后面加动词原形。

一：

情态动词的各种形式

现在形式

过去形式

肯定形式

否定形式

肯定形式

否定形式

can

may

shall

will

dare

oughtto

need

haveto

usedto

wouldrather

hadbetter

二：

常见情态动词的意义和用法

分类：

1：

只用作情态动词：

must,can,could,might,oughtto

2：

可做情态动词又可作实义动词的有：

need,dare

3：

可以做情态动词又可以作助动词的有：

shall,should,will,would

4：

勉强可以做情态动词的有：

haveto（havegotto）,usedto,wouldrather,hadbetter（best）

情态动词

意义和用法

例句

can/could

IcouldswimacrosstheriverwhenIwasyoung.

Anybodycanmakemistakes.

——CanIgonow?

——Yes,youcan.

Couldyoulendmesomemoney?

Canthisnewsbetrue?

Howcanyoubesofoolish?

shall

ShallIwriteitdown?

Shallhecomein?

Youshallhaveitbacktomorrow.

Allthedishesshallbecleanedatonce.

should

Weshouldbestrictwithourselves.

Theshouldbebackbynow.

Ishouldadviseyounottodothat.

AskTomtoringmeupifyoushouldseehim.

Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?

will/would

Iwillneverdothatagain.

Would/willyoukindlytellmethewaytothestation?

Fishwilldiewithoutwater.

Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.

NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn'tlistentome.

need

Youneedn'taskmethequestion.

NeedIfinishtheworkbeforeten?

dare

Dareyougooutatnight?

Theboydaren'tsaysobeforetheteacher.

may/might

——MightIuseyouphone?

——Yes,youmay./No,youmustn't.

——MightIuseyourphone?

——Yes,please.

——May/CanIgotherenow?

——Yes,youmay/can.

Itmaybeatrick.

Hemighthavesomefever.

Hemaynotcometoday.

Itcan'tbeourheadmaster.

Mayyousucceed!

must

Youmustcometoschoolontime.

Itmustbeourheadteacher.

haveto

Ihavetogonow.

oughtto

Studyingoughtn'ttooccupyallofyoursparetime.

OughtItomakeanapologytoJoan?

Humansoughttostoppollutingnature.

Theseatsoughttobeenoughforalltheguests.

usedto

Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.

Hedidn'tusetogotoworkbybike.

Usedyouto/Didyouusetobefriends?

hadbetter

Wehadbettergotherebeforeitgetsback.

You'dbetternottalksoloudly.

Whathadwebetterdonext?

wouldrather

Iwouldratherstayathome.

Iwouldrathernotgowiththem.

练：

1．—Noone________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.

—Oh,youarereallyhisbigfan.

A．canB．needC．mustD．Might

2．It________bethepostmanatthedoor.It'sonlysixo'clock.

A．mustn'tB．can'tC．won'tD．needn't

3．—Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?

—OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.

A．mightB．mustC．couldD．shall

4．—Whydidn'tyoucometoSimon'spartylastnight?

—Iwantedto,butmymomsimply________notletmeoutsolateatnight.

A．couldB．mightC．wouldD．should

5.Justbepatient.You________expecttheworldtochangesosoon.

A.can'tB.needn'tC.maynotD.willnot

6．You________parkhere!

It'sanemergencyexit.

A.wouldn'tB.needn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn't

7．“You________haveawrongnumber.”shesaid.“There'snooneofthatnamehere.”

A.needB.canC.mustD.would

8.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit________breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

A．wouldB．should

C．couldD．might

9.Idon'tthinkatennisbat________besoexpensive.Isthereanyroomforbargaining?

A．mayB．shouldC．mustD．need

三：

情态动词+havedone

1：

mushhavedone

意义：

Hemusthaveattendedthepartylastnight.

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.

2:

can/couldhavedone

意义：

Mymothercameherebybus,butshecouldhavetakenataxi.

Shecouldhavegoneoffwithsomefriends.

Imethimatthehospitalyesterdayafternoon,sohecouldn'thaveattendedyourlecture.

3:

may/mighthavedone

意义：

Brucemay/mighthavefoundthesecret.

Ihaven'tseenBenforweeks.Hemay/mighthavegoneonholiday.

4:

oughtto/shouldhavedone

意义：

Ishouldhavewatchedthegame,butIwasbusy.

Yououghtnottohaveleftthebabyaloneathome.

5：

needn'thavedone

意义：

Weneedn'thavesaidsorrytoMrsSun.Sheaskedforit.

6:

wouldhavedone

意义：

Theywouldhavecome,butwedidn'tinvitethem.

练：

1．—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.

—Howunbelievabletogetitback!

Imean,someone________it.

A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolen

C.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen

2．They____havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.

A．willB．canC．mustD．Should

3．I_______soonerbutIdidn'tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

A．hadcomeB．wascomingC．wouldcomeD．wouldhavecome

4．—Mydogisreallyfat.

—You________havegivenhersomuchmeat.

A．wouldn'tB．shouldn'tC．couldn'tD．mustn't

四：

情态动词的其他用法

1：

cannot/never...to...

意义：

Youcan'tbetoocarefultocr