高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the s.docx
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高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthes
Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars
一、单句语法填空
1.Readinginbedwilldoharm________youreyes.
2.Itisimpossibleforacocktolay________(egg).
3.(2015·浙江,16)Ifsteelisheavierthanwater,whyareshipsable________(float)onthesea?
4.(2014·江西,阅读A)Inhisblackandbluesuitandwith________oxygentankfastenedonhisback,Larrydivedfromboatsintothemiddleoftheocean.
5.(2014·福建,阅读B)Theclimatehere________(be)quitepleasant,thetemperaturerarely,ifever,reaching30℃insummer.
6.Oursuccessdepends________whethereveryoneworkshard.
7.(2015·陕西,阅读C)Thedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchers________(find)curesforcertaindiseases.
8.Itwasdifficultforthehelicopters________(get)closetotheroofofthebuildingbecauseoftheheavysmoke.
9.(2013·天津,6)Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite,________isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.
10.Nowthattheyhavecomputers,itbecomes________(easy)todealwiththeproblems.
答案
1.to 2.eggs 3.tofloat 4.an 5.is
6.on7.finding 8.toget 9.which 10.easier
二、完形填空
(2016高考模拟选编)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。
体裁:
夹叙夹议 话题:
礼物 词数:
300 时间:
15′
Duringthe1960s,myfatherhadlayoffs(解雇)nowandthen.Mymother__1__thefamily'smoney.Sheworked,butmoneywastightasshe__2__topaythebillsuntilmydadwasrehired.AtthattimeIwastooyoungtoknowher__3__.
Butonespring,whenIwas10,duringoneofmyfather'slayoffs,Icould__4__mymotherwasupset.I__5__thatIwouldcheerherupbybuyingheraspecialMother'sDaygift.
Icouldremembermymotheronce__6__astore,theAgins,withgreatadmiration.SoIrodemybiketothestoreandtoldMrs.AginsIwaslookingforaMother'sDaypresent.
Shedidn't__7__mebuttreatedmelikeavaluedcustomerandsuggestedanItalianpurse.
“Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?
”sheasked.
“Twelvedollars,”Isaid.
“You'rein__8__,”shesmiled.“It'sonly$11.Youhaveadollarleftforthe__9__.”
ThenI__10__offhappily.
Whenmymotheropenedthegift,sheappearedratherangry,“__11__didyougetthis?
”
“IboughtitattheAgins,”Isaid,“Mrs.Aginschargedme11dollars.”
Thenmymotherwassurprisedinto__12__.
Itwasn'tuntilmanyyearslaterthatIlearnedthatthe__13__wasworthseveralhundreddollars,thatI__14__justhowwonderfulMrs.Aginshadbeentome.
Mymother,who__15__thepurseformanyyearsuntilitwas__16__repair,isnow90.Shesaidshecanstillrecallevery__17__aboutit:
theleather,thecolorandeventhebuttons.
“Youknowwhatreally__18__metothisday,”mymothersaid.“Lettingyouhavethepurseforjustafewdollarswas__19__enough.Butthefactthatsheletyouleavethestorewithadollarforthecardwasofmuch__20__thatI'llneverforget.”
【语篇解读】 作者小时候家里经济条件不好,但为了使妈妈高兴,作者决定给妈妈买礼物。
好心的Agins夫人以低价卖给了作者一个贵重的皮夹。
这件事令作者的妈妈终生难忘。
1.A.controlledB.managed
C.spentD.paid
答案 B [根据上下句可知,此处应为妈妈管理(managed)家里的钱。
control意为“控制”;spend意为“花费”;pay意为“付钱”。
]
2.A.struggledB.wished
C.continuedD.prepared
答案 A [由上文的“moneywastight”可推知,妈妈付账单都很费劲,故用struggletodosth,意为“挣扎着做某事,努力做某事”。
]
3.A.hopesB.attitudes
C.worriesD.opinions
答案 C [从上下文语境可知,此处指,“我”当时太小,还不了解妈妈的烦恼(经济总是紧张)。
]
4.A.tellB.understand
C.believeD.remember
答案 A [由下文中的“I__5__thatIwouldcheerherup”可知,但是一年春天,爸爸失业的时候,“我”能感觉到妈妈的难过。
tell“知道,了解,觉察”。
]
5.A.saidB.choseC.insistedD.decided
答案 D [由前一句“我”可以感觉到妈妈很难过和下文“我”买礼物给妈妈可知,这里指“我”决定(decided)为妈妈买礼物。
]
6.A.sawB.mentioned
C.staredD.observed
答案 B [由上下文可知这里应是妈妈曾经提到过一家名叫theAgins的商店。
]
7.A.serveB.receive
C.welcomeD.ignore
答案 D [根据下文的“treatedmelikeavaluedcustomer”可知,Agins夫人并没有忽视(ignore)我,反而待我像一位尊贵的顾客。
]
8.A.luckB.surpriseC.fashionD.doubt
答案 A [根据下文中的“It'sonly$11”可知,“我”有12美元,礼物只要11美元,所以店主应说“你很幸运”。
]
9.A.flowerB.bikeC.cardD.gift
答案 C [文章最后一段中提到了卡片(card),是对此处的提示。
]
10.A.ranB.rodeC.droveD.walked
答案 B [上文提到作者是骑自行车到商店去的,故这里应是骑(rode)自行车回去。
]
11.A.WhereB.WhenC.WhyD.How
答案 A [从下文的回答“IboughtitattheAgins”得知,本句妈妈问“你从哪儿得来的这个钱包”。
]
12.A.silenceB.laughter
C.cheersD.excitement
答案 A [从下文可知,这个钱包值数百美元,而MrsAgins仅售11美元,所以妈妈惊讶得说不出话来。
]
13.A.cardB.storeC.purseD.leather
答案 C [根据上文提到的“anItalianpurse”可知,“我”给妈妈买的礼物是钱包,所以此处答案为钱包(purse)。
]
14.A.wonderedB.appreciated
C.consideredD.thought
答案 B [直到很多年之后“我”才了解到那个钱包价值数百美元,深深地感激(appreciated)Agins夫人对我那么好。
]
15.A.deservedB.took
C.carriedD.felt
答案 C [由上下文可推知,妈妈一直拿着这个钱包直到它再也不能修补。
]
16.A.withinB.beyondC.underD.for
答案 B [参见上题解析。
beyondrepair“不能修补”;underrepair“在修理中”;forrepair“去修理”。
]
17.A.patternB.detailC.partD.use
答案 B [根据下文“theleather,thecolorandeventhebuttons”,这些都是钱包的细节,而不是“图案、零件、使用”等。
]
18.A.puzzlesB.pleasesC.amazesD.satisfies
答案 C [根据上文提到的“Thenmymotherwassurprisedinto...”,可知妈妈当时感觉很吃惊,所以妈妈现在说的是“那天使我真正感到吃惊的是……”。
amaze“使惊愕,使惊诧”。
]
19.A.appropriateB.happy
C.regretfulD.unbelievable
答案 D [根据上文可知,作者花了11美元买了一个价值几百美元的钱包,这件事是令人难以置信的。
]
20.A.wisdomB.pityC.patienceD.kindness
答案 D [根据文中的信息“Youhaveadollarleftforthe__9__.”可知,Agins夫人很善良,故用kindness。
]
三、阅读理解
A
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops(笔记本电脑).
Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornotetakingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.
Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid.
Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnotetakingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.
Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.
Theresearchers'reportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarebeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears.”
Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglongtermmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.
Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
1.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornotetakingbecausetheycan________.
A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetter
C.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturesbetter
2.Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe________.
A.skillfulB.mindlessC.thoughtfulD.tireless
3.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto________.
A.examinetheimportanceoflongtermmemory
B.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand
C.explaintheprocessoftakingnotes
D.promotetheuseoflaptops
4.Thepassageislikelytoappearin________.
A.anewspaperadvertisement
B.acomputertextbook
C.asciencemagazine
D.afinancereport
答案:
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。
本文揭示实验研究的结果,用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差,而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。
1.A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句“Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornotetakingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度)”可知,学生越来越多地使用笔记本电脑记笔记是因为它的速度和清晰度,这说明用笔记本电脑记笔记速度快、记得多。
故选A。
2.B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第二段第二句“Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught”可知,研究已经发现笔记本电脑的使用者没能记住和应用教给他们的概念。
由此可推知,笔记本电脑的使用者在记笔记时是不动脑子的。
故选B。
3.B 解析:
推理判断题。
本文通过实验发现了用笔记本电脑记笔记的不良效果和用手记笔记的优势,两者相比突出了用手记笔记的好处。
故选B。
4.C 解析:
推理判断题。
根据文章内容可知,本文揭示实验研究的结果,用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差,而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。
由此可推知,本文应该出现在科学杂志里。
故选C。
B
【2016年沈阳市高中三年级教学质量监测
(一)】阅读理解。
阅读下面短文,选择最佳答案填空。
B
ItwasacoldnightinWashington,D.C.,andIwasheadingbacktothehotelwhenamanapproachedme.Heaskedmeforsomemoneysohecouldgetsomethingtoeat.I’dreadthesigns:
“Don’tgivemoneytobeggars.”SoIshookmyheadandkeptmarching.
Iwasn’tpreparedforareply,buthesaid,“IreallyamhomelessandIreallyamhungry!
Youcancomewithmeandwatchmeeat!
”ButIkeptonmarching.
Theincidentbotheredmefortherestoftheweek.Ihadmoneyinmypocketanditwouldn’thavekilledmetohandoveradollarortwoevenifhehadbeenlying.Onafreezingcoldnight,Istillassumedtheworstofafellowhumanbeing.
FlyingbacktoAnchorage,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofhim.Itriedtoseekexcusesformyfailuretohelpbyassuminggovernmentagencies,churchesandcharitiesweretheretofeedhim.Besides,you’renotsupposedtogivemoneytobeggars.
SomewhereoverSeattle,IstartedtowritemyweeklygardencolumnforTheAnchorageDailyNews.Outoftheblue,Icameupwithanidea.Bean’sCafe,thesoupkitcheninAnchorage,feedshundredsofhungryAlaskanseveryday.WhynottrytogetallmyreaderstoplantonerowintheirgardensdevotedtoBean’s?
Beforelongmyideatookoff.Peoplewouldfaxmeorcallwhentheytooksomethingin.Thosewhoonlygrewflowersdonatedthem.Foodforthespirit.Andreliefformyconscience.
AsmoreandmorepeoplestartedworkingwiththePlantaRowconcept,manycompaniesgavefreeseedstocustomersanddisplayedthelogo,whichalsoaroseinnationalgardeningpublications.RowmarkerswiththePlantaRowlogoweredistributedtogardenerstosetaparttheir“RowfortheHungry”.
ItisunexpectedthatmillionsofAmericansarethreatenedbyhunger.IfeverygardenerinAmerica—andwe’reseventymillionstrong—plantsonerowforthehungry,wecanlowerthenumberofneighborswho