学年上海市曙光中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题.docx

学年上海市曙光中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题.docx

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学年上海市曙光中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题

2018最新

Ⅱ.Grammarandvocabulary

SectionA

Mostofusareusedto_1_（see）trafficlightsaboveeyelevel.Whetherwearedriving,biking,orwalking,trafficsignalshelpusknowwhentostopandwhen_2_issafetoproceed.

Crossingsignsthatflash"WALK"and"DON'TWALK"are_3_（place）atintersectionstotellpedestrianswhenitissafetocrossabusyintersectiononfootandpreventpedestriansfrom_4_（strike）bymotorists.

PedestriansmaybecomeimpatientandattempttocrossagainstthelightiftheyhavetowaittoolongforaWALKsign._5_,somesignalsdonowallowenoughtimeforpedestrianstocrossanintersectionsafely.

Theprevalenceofpeopletalkingoncellsphonesisposing_6_newdistractionhowever.Pedestrianswhoaretalkingonthephoneorsendingtextmessagesaretypicallystaringattheirphonesratherthanlookingfortrafficsignals.Theyareoftentoo_7_（distract）,leadingtoanincreaseinpedestriantextingaccidents.

Theconnectionbetweencellphoneuseandpedestrianaccidentsisclear.

_8_（combat）theproblem,twocitiesinGermanyaretryinganinnovativeapproach:

installingtrafficlightsintheground.

TheGermancityofAugsburginstalledtrafficlightsinthesidewalk_9_faceupatpedestrianstocreateawholenewlevelofattention.

NewJerseylawmakershaveevenproposedlegislationthatwouldbandistractedwalking,_10_（fine）thosewhousetheircellphoneswhilewalking$50.

SectionB

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.desperationB.authoritiesC.diligentlyD.confusionE.enrolledF.violently

G.financialH.conclusionI.devotedJ.graduationK.health

Seventeenyearsago,whenIwasinmilitarycollege,Iwasknownas"theworryingwreckfromVirginiaTech".Iworriedso_11_thatIoftenbecameill.In_12_,IpouredoutmytroublestoProfessorBaird,professorofbusinessadministration.ThefifteenminutesthatIspentwithProfessorBairddidmoreformy_13_andhappinessthanalltherestofthefouryearsIspentincollege."Jim,"hesaid,"yououghttositdownandfacethefacts.Ifyou_14_halfasmuchtimeandenergytosolvingyourproblemsasyoudotoworryingaboutthem,youwouldn'thaveanyworries."

IfiguredthatIhadfailedphysicsbecauseIhadnointerestinthesubject.ButnowIchangedmyattitude.Isaidtomyself,"Ifthecollege_15_demandthatIpassmyphysicsexaminationbeforeIobtainadegree,whoamItoquestiontheirwisdom?

"

SoI_16_forphysicsagain.ThistimeIpassedbecauseinsteadofwastingmytimeinworryingabouthowharditwas,Istudied_17_.

Isolvedmy_18_worriesbytakingonsomeadditionaljobs,suchassellingpunchatthecollegedances,andbyborrowingmoneyfrommyfather,whichIpaidbacksoonafter_19_.

AsIlookbackatitnow,Icanseethatmyproblemwasoneof_20_,alackofwillingnesstofindthecausesofmyworryandfacethemrealistically.

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Anewresearchsuggeststhatanimalshaveamuchhigherlevelofbrainpowerthanoncethought.Ifanimalsdohaveintelligence,howdoscientistsmeasureit?

Beforedefininganimals'intelligence,scientistsdefinedwhatisnotintelligence.Instinctisnotintelligence.Itisaskill_21_intoananimal'sbrainbyitsgeneticheritage（基因遗传）.Trickscanbelearnedbyrepetition,butnorealthinkingis_22_.Cuing,inwhichanimalslearntodoornottodocertainthingsbyfollowingoutsidesignals,doesnotdemonstrateintelligence.Scientistsbelievethatinsight,theabilitytousetools,andcommunicationusinghumanlanguageareall_23_measuresofthementalabilityofanimals.

Whenjudginganimalintelligence,scientistslookforinsight,whichtheydefineasaflashofsuddenunderstanding.Whenayounggorilla（大猩猩）couldnotreachfruitfromatree,shenoticedcrates（木板箱）onthelawnnearthetree.She_24_thecratesintoapyramid,thenclimbedonthemtoreachher_25_.Thegorilla'sinsightallowedhertosolveanewproblemwithouttrialanderror.

Theabilitytousetoolsisalsoanimportantsignofintelligence.Crows（乌鸦）usestickstopry（撬开）peanutsoutofcracks.Thecrow_26_intelligencebyshowingithaslearnedwhatastickcando._27_,otter（水獭）userockstocrackopencrabshellsinordertogetatthemeat.

Manyanimalshavelearnedtocommunicateusinghumanlanguage.Onechimpcanrecognizeandcorrectlyusemorethan220_28_symbolsonakeyboard.Thesesymbols_29_humanwords.Anamazingparrotcan_30_fiveobjectsoftwodifferenttypes.Hecanunderstandthedifferencebetweenthenumber,color,andkindofobject.Theabilityto_31_isabasicthinkingskill.Inaddition,heseemstouselanguagetoexpresshisneedsand_32_.Whenillandtakentotheanimalhospitalforhisfirstovernightstay,thisparrotturnedtogo."Comehere!

"hecriedtoascientistwhoworkswithhim."Iloveyou.I'msorry.Wannagoback?

"

Theresearchonanimalintelligenceraisesimportantquestions.Ifanimalsaresmarterthan_33_thought,wouldthatchangethewayhumansinteractwiththem?

Wouldanimalsstillbeusedforfood,clothing,or_34_experimentation?

Findingtheanswertothesetoughquestionsmakesadifficult_35_evenforalarge-brained,problem-solvingspecieslikeourown.

21.A.developedB.admittedC.programmedD.injected

22.A.inheritedB.involvedC.instructedD.intended

23.A.realisticB.unusualC.accurateD.effective

24.A.piledB.assembledC.supportedD.divided

25.A.potentialB.rewardC.standardD.top

26.A.exploresB.expandsC.explainsD.exhibits

27.A.LikewiseB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Otherwise

28.A.magicalB.flexibleC.abstractD.permanent

29.A.substituteforB.standforC.appealtoD.carryout

30.A.foreseeB.determineC.combineD.distinguish

31.A.classifyB.justifyC.qualifyD.simplify

32.A.satisfactionB.emotionsC.gratitudeD.beliefs

33.A.objectivelyB.professionallyC.previouslyD.scientifically

34.A.electricalB.physicalC.medicalD.logical

35.A.decisionB.translationC.choiceD.puzzle

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

Inmostpeople'sopinion,thetigerisnotananimalthatwewouldordinarilythinkofasbeingchicken.However,onetiger,whichlivesinanEnglishzoo,turnedouttobemorecowardly（胆小的）thanhiskeeperscouldeverhaveimagined.

Tanvir,atwo-year-oldBengaltiger,gotstuckatthetopofanew5m-highactivitytowerinthezoo,afterclimbingitforthefirsttime.

ThewoodentowerhadbeendesignedtoprovidementalexerciseforTanvirbytestinghisabilityofdealingwithtroublesomesituations,butafterclimbingitinjustafewseconds,helosthiscouragewhenitcametocomingbackdown.Tanvirwentontospendnearlytwodaysatthetopofthetowertryingtocollectthecouragetoattempttogetdown.

AspokespersonforthezoosaidthatseveraldaysbeforeTanvirhadtakenhalfanhourtogetdownalowertoweronly1.5mhigh,andthetallertowerhadclearlybeentoomuchchallengingforhim.

"Everytimehegottotheedge,helookedout,putapawover,andthought,‘no,Icannotmakeit!

"’laughedSamanthaCordrey,Tanvir'skeeper.IntheendTanvir'shungerdefeatedhisfear,andafteralmost48hourshemadehiswaydown.Buryinghimselfinabigmealjustlikeahungrypig,Tanvirseemedtoforgetsuchashamefulexperienceforawhile.

ItappearsthathisexperiencewouldnotbetheworstinTanvir'slifeifhecontinuedtoactlikeachicken.Itisnotknownwhetherhewilltakecouragetogobackuphisexercisetoweragain.

Thewholeepisode（插曲）onlyservestoshowthedifficultiesfacedbyzoostaffincreatingenvironmentsthatwillimproveanimals'livingabilityinenclosedspace.

36.WhenspeakingofTanvir'sshamefulexperience,SamanthaCordreymightfeelitwas.

A.funnyB.surprisingC.excitingD.unbelievable

37.WhatmadeTanvirgetdowntheSm-highactivitytoweratlast?

A.Thecoldnessoftheweather.B.Thedirectionfromhiskeepers.

C.Thesufferingsofbeinghungry.D.Thefearofbeingalone.

38.Whydoestheauthorsay"thisexperiencewouldnotbetheworstinTanvir'slifeif..."（Paragraph6）?

A.BecauseTanvir'skeeperswilldesignmoredifficultexerciseforhim.

B.BecauseTanvirissocowardlythathehaslittlecouragetomeetgreaterchallenges.

C.BecauseTanvir'sbadhealthwillbringhimmuchtroubleinpractice.

D.BecauseTanvirisalwayscarelessandoftencausestroublebyaccident.

39.Thezoodesignedthe5m-highactivitytowerto.

A.makeTanvirbecomebraveB.improveTanvir'sperformanceskills

C.lettouristswatchTanvirbetterD.improveTanvir'slivingability

（B）

ItisdifficulttogiveadescriptionofAmericanlawsconcerningalcoholbecausetheyvaryfromstatetostateandcitytocity.Thefollowing,though,maybenoted.

Sometowns,evenstatearetotallyissoldatallexceptthattheyallowthesaleofveryweak（3.2percentalcohol）beer,knownas"three-two"beer.SomeplacesdonotallowthesaleofalcoholonSundays,eveninshops—youmayfindabarlockedoverthealcoholshelves.Youcanseeitbutnotbuyit!

OtherplacespermitalcoholtobesoldonSundayafternoonsandevenings,butnotonSundaymornings.（NotethatthismeanssaleshavetostopatmidnightonSaturday.）InmanypartsofAmerica,youarenotallowedtodrinkalcoholinapublicplace.Thatis,youmaynotsitinaparlorwalkalongastreetdrinkingbeer,andyoucanno