学年河北省深州市中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析版.docx

学年河北省深州市中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析版.docx

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学年河北省深州市中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析版

2017-2018学年河北省深州市中学高一下学期期末

英语

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第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解

A

Weallknowthenamesofcertainfamousmaleinventorsthroughouthistory,fromGalileotoAlexanderGrahamBelltoSteveJobs.Doyouknowtheoutstandingladieslistedbelow?

MargaretKnight（1838-1914）

MargaretKnightwasnicknamed“theladyEdison’’forherproductiveinventionswhichincludedasafetydevicefortextilelooms,shoemanufacturingmachines,arotaryengineandinternalcombustionengine（内燃机）,amongmanyothers.Knightreceived27patentsinherlifetime.

JosephineCochran（1839-1913）

Cochrane,awealthywomanwhoentertainedoften,wantedamachinethatcouldwashdishesfasterthanherservants,andwithoutbreakingthem.Whenshecouldn’tfindone,shebuiltthefirstdishwasherherselfin1886.Shereceivedapatentforherfamousinventionandstartedacompanytosellherinventiontorestaurantsandhotels.

KatharineBurrBlodgett（1898-1979）

KatharineBlodgettwasthefirstwomantoreceiveaPh.DinphysicsatEngland’sCambridgeUniversityandthefirstwomanhiredbyGeneralElectric.Hermostinfluentialinventionwasnon-reflectiveglass,whichtodayisstillessentialforeyeglasses,carwindshieldsandcomputerscreens.

StephanieKwolek（1923-2014）

In1965,StephanieKwolekcreatedanunusuallylightweightanddurablenewfiberwhichwaslaterdevelopedbyachemicalcompanyDuPontintothesyntheticKevlar（凯夫拉尔纤维）,usedineverythingfrommilitaryhelmetsandbulletproofveststowork-gloves,sportsequipment,andbuildingmaterials.KwolekwasawardedtheNationalMedalofTechnologyforherresearchonsyntheticfibersandwasadmittedintotheNationalInventorsHallofFamein1994.

1．WhatdidCochraneinventthedishwasherfor?

A.Tomakeafortune.B.Toentertainmoreguests.

C.Toreceiveapatent.D.Towashdishesmoreeffectively.

2．Whocontributedalottomilitaryneeds?

A.StephanieKwolekB.JosephineCochran

C.MargaretKnightD.KatharineBurrBlodgett

3．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Totellussomeimportantinventions.

B.Torecommendfouroutstandingscientists.

C.Tointroducefourexcellentwomeninventors.

D.Tocomparefemaleinventorswithmaleinventors.

B

Istoodinanoisygroupofsixthgradestudents,waitingfortheanswertoourburningquestion:

WhattypeofcrazytiewouldMr.Millerbewearingtoday?

OurteacherwalkedaroundthecomerwithaGREENELEPHANTTIEthatmatchedhislargeelephantcoffeecup!

Oh,thesatisfactioninouryounghearts—agreenelephanttie!

Withhisglassesatthetipofhisnose,hegreeteduscheerfully,“Goodmorning,folks!

”Hewasstrangeanduniqueandhebrightenedeverydayforus.HewasthemostdynamicteacherIhadevermet.

Ilovedmusic,soIrememberhowexcitedIwaswhenhesaidhewasgoingtogiveusmusiclessons.Butwhenheturnedonthemusic,myclassmatesandIslowlyturnedourheadstowardthesoundof…FeterPaulandMarysinging“IfIHadaHammer”.

Snickers（窃笑）filledtheroom.Ifitwasn’traporhiphop,wedidn’trecognizeit.Whatwerethesepeoplesingingabout?

Myclassmateswerenotintothisatall.Butforme,agirlof12,itwasadiscovery.Anawakening.

Twentyyearspassedandnowtherearefortylittleeyesstaringatmywildmusical-noteshirtsasIgreetthemwithajoyful,“Goodmorning,class!

”IwonderifmystudentswaitandwonderwhatcrazymusicclothesIwillweareachday.

Iglanceatmy2015TeacheroftheYearAward,whichIreceivedforbeingadynamicteacherAndIsmiletomyself,wonderingwhichchildinfrontofmewillcarrythison－asI’vecarriedonthelegacy（遗产）ofMr.Miller.

Oneteacher,whodaredtobedifferentandopennewworldstokidslikeme,threwthesignificantstoneintothepondofmylife.Ipraytheripples（涟漪）neverend.

4．WhatcanweinferaboutMr.Miller?

A.Hewasananimalprotector.B.Hedidn’ttakehisworkseriously.

C.Heoftendressedupinanunusualway.D.Heoftenaskedhisstudentsburningquestions.

5．Howdidtheauthorreacttothesong“IfIHadaHammer”?

A.Puzzled.B.Disappointed.

C.Uninterested.D.Excited.

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthetextreferto?

A.Akindheart.B.Thesmile.

C.Agiftformusic.D.Theloveforteaching.

7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?

A.Toproveherloveformusic.

B.Toshowateacher’seffectonher.

C.Tocallonstudentstotakeupteaching.

D.Toshareherexperienceinmusiclearning.

C

Angeritselfisneithergoodnorbad.It’swhatwedowhenwe’reangrythatmatters.Angerisatoolthathelpsustoreadandrespondtothesocialsituationsthatbotherus.Buthowcanwekeepitundercontrol?

It’snormaltothinkthatgettingangryisbadandmanytimeswepunishourselvesfordoingso.Butcontrarytopopularbelief,researchindicatesthatangerincreasesoptimism,creativityandefficiency.Inaddition,studiessuggestthatangercanleadtomoresuccessfulnegotiationsatwork,aswellasinourpersonallives.

Infact,suppressing（抑制）angercanbeverybadforyourhealth.Inthissense,Dr.ErnestHarburgperformedastudybymonitoringagroupofadultsandtheircapacity（最大容量）foranger.Whathefoundisthatthemenandwomenwhosuppressedtheirangerasaresponsetoanunfairattackhadahigherriskofdevelopingbronchitisorsufferingfromheartattacks,andweremorelikelytodiebeforetheircolleagueswholettheirangersurfacewhentheyfeltbothered.

Whenangerarises,wefeeltheneedtoeitherpreventorputanendtothispowerfulfeelingforthebenefitofourwelfareorthewelfareofthosewecareabout.Butthisactofkindness,mercy,loveorjusticeisn’tbeneficialinthisway.However,it’scertainlyagoodthingtobecautiouswhenangerbeginstosurface.Expressingyourangercanbeappropriatewithcertainpeopleatcertaintimes.Thequestionliesinhowtodoitwithoutlosingcontrol.Thekeytoexpressingyourangerisfindingtheappropriatetoneforexpressingwhatitisthatupsetsyou.Buttoavoidunnecessaryshouting,hitting,orotherviolentreactions,it’sworthtakingamomenttostepbackandthink,eventhoughwemaybeinthemiddleofanargumentwithsomeone.

8．Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofanger?

A.Itisanimportanttool.B.Itisabadfeelingstate.

C.Itincreasesourhappiness.D.Ithelpsinsocialsituations.

9．WhatdoesDr.EmestHarburg’sstudyimplyaboutanger?

A.Itneedsawayout.B.Itshouldbeavoided.

C.Itcancausesuddendeath.D.Itmustbekeptundercontrol.

10．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedowhenwe’reangry?

A.Findoutitscause.B.Pretendtoignoreit.

C.Reacttoitviolently.D.Expressitreasonably.

11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WaystoControlAngerB.BenefitsofMildAnger

C.ShowingAngerProperlyCountsD.AngerDoesAffectHealth.

D

Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonotcareforotherpeople,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.

“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgrandparents’health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantforthesurvivalofthehumanspecies,”saidSonjaHilbrand,oneoftheresearchers.

Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.Overall,afteraccountingforgrandparents’ageandgeneralstateofhealth,theriskofdyingovera20-yearperiodwasone-thirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren,comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.

Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasn’tarelative.Halfofallchildlessseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan,whilenon-helperslivedforfouryearsonaverage.

“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregivingmaybethoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive,”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.

Arpinonoted,however,thatcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivitieslikeworking,beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtakeintoaccounttheirparents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare,”hesuggested.

“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,whatproperamountsofhelpmeans,”Hilbrandsaid,adding,“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity（强度）ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”

12．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?

A.Humanevolutionaryhistory.B.Demandmodernsociety.

C.Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.D.Dataonmanyelderlypeople.

13．InArpino’sopinion,childcare________.

A.issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnesses

B.allowsoldpeopletoliveamoremeaningfullife

C.createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeople

D.makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeople

14．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takeintoaccount”inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Consider.B.Ignore.

C.Favor.D.Limit.

15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?

A.Grandparentscandoanythingintheirowninterests.

B.Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities.

C.Properamountsofchildcaredogoodtograndparents.

D.Caregivingguaranteesev