考研英语2真题.docx

考研英语2真题.docx

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考研英语2真题

2019年考研英语

（2）真题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreach

numberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWER

SHEET.（10points）

Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareof

anysignificantweightfluctuations.1,whendonetoooften,this

habitcansometimeshurtmorethanit2.

Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmy

focusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactiveto

focusing3onthescale.Thatwashadtomyoverallfitnessgoats.

Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,butthinking

onlyof4thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.

ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.

Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovidean

accurate6ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthe

gym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticeany

significantchangesinyourweight7alteringyourtraining

program.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,

strengthandincheslost.

1

Forthese9,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitched

toabimonthlyweighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnot

mygoal,itislessimportantformeto11myweighteachweek.

Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12any

significantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13

mytrainingprogram.

Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14togetinformationaboutmy

nutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,but

I'mconstantly15anddroppingweight,thisisa16thatIneedto

increasemydailycaloricintake.

The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersfor

myoverallhealth,fitnessandwell-being.I'mexperiencing

increasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburden

ofa18morningweigh-in.I'vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccess

inachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19I'mtrainingaccording

tothosegoals,notthenumbersonascale.

Ratherthan20overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,

feelhowyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.

1.[A]Besides[B]Therefore[C]Otherwise[D]However

2.[A]helps[B]cares[C]warns[D]reduces

3.[A]initially[B]solely[C]occasionally[D]formally

4.[A]recording[B]lowering[C]explaining[D]accepting

2

5.[A]modify[B]set[C]review[D]reach

6.[A]definition[B]depiction[C]distribution[D]prediction

7.[A]dueto[B]regardlessof[C]asidefrom[D]alongwith

8.[A]orderly[B]rigid[C][D]immediate

9.[A]claims[B]judgments[C]reasons[D]methods

10.[A]instead[B]though[C]again[D]indeed

11.[A]track[B]overlook[C]conceal[D]report

12.[A]dependon[B]approveof[C]holdonto[D]accountfor

13.[A]share[B]adjust[C]confirm[D]prepare

14.[A]results[B]features[C]rules[D]tests

15.[A]bored[B]anxious[C]hungry[D]sick

16.[A]principle[B]secret[C]belief[D]sign

17.[A]request[B]necessity[C]decision[D]wish

18.[A]disappointing[B]surprising[C]restricting[D]consuming

19.[A]ifbecause[B]unless[C]until[D]consuming

20.[A]obsessing[B]dominating[C]puzzling[D]triumphing

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbelow

eachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouranswersonthe

3

ANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,

guiltemergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild'sgrowing

graspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren'tbornknowing

howtosay“I'msorry”;rather,theylearnovertimethatsuch

statementsappeaseparentsandfriends—andtheirown

consciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-called

moralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.

Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.It

isdeeplyuncomfortable—it'stheemotionalequivalentof

wearingajacketweightedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingis

outdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingabout

whatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,”saysAmrishaVaish,

apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia,adding

thatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotions

aren'tbinary—feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontext

maybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,

mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.Too

muchhappinesscanbedestructive.

Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutour

4

goodness,canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfix

relationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperative

speciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.

Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,

apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggests

thatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Ina

numberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltand

sympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationand

sharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupfor

thatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheir

nastierimpulses.Andviceversa:

Highsympathycansubstitute

forlowguilt.

Ina2014study,forexample,Maltilookedat244children.

Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren'sself-observations,

sheratedeachchild'soverallsympathylevelandhisorher

tendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.

Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivenachance

tosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathy

kids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclined

theyweretofeelguilty.Theguilt-proneonessharedmore,even

thoughtheyhadn'tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictothe

otherchild'sdeprivation.

5

“That'sgoodnews,”Maltisays.“Wecanbeprosocialbecause

wecausedharmandwefeelregret.”

21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecause

itmayhelp______.

A）regulateachild'sbasicemotions

B）improveachild'sintellectualability

C）fosterachild'smoraldevelopment

D）intensityachild'spositivefeelings

22.Accordingtoparagraph2,manypeoplestillconsider

guilttobe______.

A）deceptive

B）burdensome

C）addictive

D）deception

23.Vaishholdthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfroman

awarenessthat______.

A）emotionsarecontext-independent

B）emotionsaresociallyconstructive

C）emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth

D）anemotioncanplayopposingroles

24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationand

sharing_______.

6

A.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies

B.canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt

C.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction

D.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts

25.Theword“transgressions”（Line4,Para.5）isclosestin

meaningto_______.

A.teachings

B.discussions

C.restrictions

D.wrongdoings

Text2

Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneofthelardercallengesin

thefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscounton

foreststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxidewe

produce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimate

changewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhat

emitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.

Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap-butitinvolvesstriking

asubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable“carbon

sinks”longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacityto

absorbcarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoeson

7

somanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.

Thestate'sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleefforts

tothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.This

temporarilylowerscarbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremaining

treesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture,sothey

growandthrive,restoringtheforest'scapacitytopullcarbon

fromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffinsects.

Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasilyburnable.Eveninthe

eventofafine,fewertreesareconsumed.

Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since

2010,droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesin

California,mostofthemin2016alone,andwildfireshave

burnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.

Californiaplanstotreat35,000acresofforestayearby2020,

and60,000by2030-financedfromtheproceedsofthestate's

emissions-permitauctions.That'sonlyasmallshareofthetotal

acreagethatcouldbenefit,abouthalfamillionacresinall,soit

willbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.

Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterial

removedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolid

lumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserun

onfossilfuels.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsis

8

alreadyunderway.

Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,but

traditionallythey'vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsand

opportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometo

seethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon.

California'splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythe

governornextyear,shouldserveasamodel.

26.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,”theauthor

impliesthat_______.

A.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrol

B.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarming

C.extremeweatherconditionsmayarise

D.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat

27.Tomaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks,”wemay

needto_______.

A.preservethediversityofspeciesinthem

B.acceleratethegrowthofyoungtrees

C.strikeabalanceamong