MIS简答题解读.docx

MIS简答题解读.docx

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MIS简答题解读

MIS简答题

Chapterl

SHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS（p.33）

1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenmanagementinformationsystems（MIS）andinformationtechnology（IT）?

ANSWER:

MISisabroadbusinessfunctionandthestudyoftheuseofIT.

ITisasetoftoolsandaresourcewithinMIS.

2.Whatfourstepsshouldanorganizationfollowindeterminingwhichtechnologiestouse?

ANSWER:

Thefourstepsare:

（1）assessthestateofcompetitionandindustrypressures,

（2）determinebusinessstrategies,（3）identifyimportantbusinessprocesses,and（4）aligntechnologytoolswiththebusinessprocesses.

3.Whatistherelationshipbetweendata,information,businessintelligenee（BI）,andknowledge?

ANSWER:

Eachbuildontheprevious.Dataarerawfacts,whileinformationisdatathathasmeaning.Businessintelligencecollectiveinformationthatgivesyoutheabilitytomakestrategicbusinessdecisions.Finally,knowledgesabroadtermthatcanencompassBIcontext,howtoaffectBI,patentsandtrademarks,andorganizationalknow-how.

4.Howdoesthegranularityofinformationchangeasitmovesfromlowertoupperorganizationallevels?

tneedas

ANSWER:

Atthelowestlevels,informationgranularityisveryfinebecausepeopleneedtremendousdetailtoperformtheirjobs.Asinformationmovesupthroughtheorganization,itbecomesmorecoarsebecausepeopledonmuchdetailbutratheraggregationsofinformation.

5.Whatisthediffereneebetweenatechnology-literateknowledgeworkerandaninformation-literateknowledgeworker?

ANSWER:

Atechnology-literateknowledgeworkknowshowandwhentoapplytechnology;thatis,he/sheunderstandsthevalueandroleoftechnology.Aninformation-literateknowledgeworkenowsallaboutinformation;thatis,he/sheunderstandsthevalueandroleofinformation.

6.Howdoethicsdifferfromlaws?

ANSWER:

Lawseitherclearlyrequireorprohibitanaction.Ethicsaremoresubjective,moreamatterofpersonalorculturalinterpretation.

7.WhatroledoestheFiveForcesModelplay?

ANSWER:

Porter'FiveForcesModelhelpsbusinesspeopleunderstandtherelativeattractivenessofanindustryandtheindustry'scompetitivepressuresi

termsofbuyerpower,supplierpower,threatofsubstituteproductsorservices,threatofnewentrants,andrivalryamongexistingcompetitors.

8.Whyarecompetitiveadvantagesneverpermanent?

ANSWER:

Onceanorganizationcreatesacompetitiveadvantage,allcompetitorsmovetooffersimilarorevenbettercompetitiveadvantages,thusnullifyingthecompetitiveadvantageofthefirstorganization.

9.WhatarethethreegenericstrategiesaccordingtoMichaelPorter?

ANSWER:

ThethreegenericstrategiesaccordingtoMichaelPorterare:

overallcostleadership,differentiation,andfocus.

10.HowarePorter

'sthreegenericstrategies,an-thoveeversusa

below-the-lineapproach,andtheRGTframeworksimilar?

ANSWER:

Theyaresimilarasfollows:

（1）run=overallcostleadership=

bottomline,

（2）grow=focusanddifferentiation=topline,and（3）transform=（new）differentiation=topline（whenthefocusisinnovation）.

11.Whatistheroleofvalue-chainanalysis?

ANSWER:

Value-chainanalysiSsasystematicapproachtoassessingandimprovingthevalueofbusinessprocesseswithinyourorganizationtofurtherincreaseitcompetitivestrengths.So,value-chainanalysishelpsyouidentifyimportantbusinessprocessesandhowtechnologymighthelpsupportthem.

Chapter2

SHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS（p.59）

1.Whyisthetraditionalbuy-hold-sellinventorymodelanexpensiveandpotentiallyriskyone?

ANSWER:

Thetraditionalinventorymodelrequiresthat

（1）youcreateinventorywithoutaknowndemand,

（2）youkeepalotofinventorythroughoutthesupplychain,and（3）youselloffobsoleteinventoryataverylowprice.

2.Whatistheroleofasupplychainmanagement（SCM）system?

ANSWER:

Theroleofasupplychainmanagement（SCM）systeimtosupportsupplychainmanagementactivitiesbyautomatingthetrackingofinventoryandinformationamongbusinessprocessesandacrosscompanies.

3.HowdoesSCMfitintoPorter'sthreegenericstrategies?

ANSWER:

SCMismostcommonlyassociatedwiththeoverallcostleadershipgenericstrategy.

4.WhatarethetypicalfunctionsinaCRMsystem?

ANSWER:

ThetypicalfunctionsinaCRMsystemincludesalesforceautomation,customerserviceandsupport,andmarketingcampaignmanagementandanalysis.

5.HowdoesCRMfitintotheRGTframework?

ANSWER:

CRMismostcommonlyassociatedwithgrowingtheorganizationintheRGTframework.

6.Whatisthediffereneebetweenfrontofficeandbackofficesystems?

ANSWER:

Afrontofficesystenistheprimaryinterfacetoacustomerandasaleschannel,whileaoackofficesystemsusedtofulfillandsupportcustomerorders.

7.Forwhatfivethingsdoese-collaborationprovidesupport?

ANSWER:

E-collaborationsupports

（1）workactivitieswithinintegrated

collaborationenvironments,

（2）knowledgemanagementwithknowledgemanagementsystems,（3）socialnetworkingwithsocialnetworkingsystems,（4）learningwithe-learningtools,and（5）informalcollaborationtosupportopen-sourceinformation.

8.Whatisthediffereneebetweenasocialnetworkingsiteandasocialnetworkingsystem?

ANSWER:

Asocialnetworkingsit^e.g.,Myspace）isasiteonwhichyoupostinformationaboutyourself,createanetworkoffriends,sharecontent,andsoon.AsocialnetworkingsysteimanITsystemthatlinksyoutopeopleyouknowand,fromthere,topeopleyourcontactsknow.

9.Whatisopen-sourceinformation?

ANSWER:

Open-sourceinformationscontentthatispubliclyavailable（ina

broadsense）,freeofcharge,andmostoftenupdateablebyanyone.

10.WhatarethethreemostcommonwaysinwhichtheITfunctioncanbeplacedwithinanorganization?

ANSWER:

ThethreemostcommonwaysinwhichtheITfunctionscanbeplacedare:

top-downsilo,matrix,andfullyintegrated.

11.HowarethestructuringoftheITfunctionandthephilosophicalapproachtoITinterrelated?

ANSWER:

Theyareinterrelatedinthatthephilosophicalapproachismostoftenimplementedasaspecificstructure.Wait-and-seeorganizationstendtocentralizetheITfunctioninatop-downsiloapproach,whileearlyITadopterstendtodispersetheITfunction（i.e.,eithermatrixorfullyintegrated）.

12.Whatisanenterpriseresourceplanning（ERP）system?

ANSWER:

AnERPsystemisacollectionofintegratedsoftwareforbusiness

management,accounting,finance,HR,projectandinventorymanagement,supplychain,customerrelationshipmanagement,e-collaboration,etc.

Chapter3

SHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS（p.90）

1.Whatisbusinessintelligenee?

Whyitismorethanjustinformation?

ANSWER:

Businessintelligenceisknowledge-knowledgeaboutyour

customers,yourcompetitors,yourpartners,yourcompetitiveenvironment,andyourowninternaloperations.Itismorethanjustinformationbecauseitcombinesvarioustypesofinformationtoallowyoutomakebetterdecisionsandoperatemoreproductively.

2.Whatisonlinetransactionprocessing（OLTP）?

ANSWER:

OLTPisthegatheringofinputinformation,processingthat

information,andupdatingexistinginformationtoreflectthegatheredandprocessedinformation.

3.Whatisonlineanalyticalprocessing（OLAP）?

ANSWER:

Onlineanalyticalprocessing（OLAP）isthemanipulationof

informationtosupportdecisionmaking.ItdiffersfromOLTPinthatitdoesnotprocesstransactionsbutrathermanipulatesexistinginformationtosupportthemakingofadecision.

4.Whatisthemostpopulardatabasemodel?

ANSWER:

Themostpopulardatabasemodelistherelationaldatabasemodel.

5.Howareprimaryandforeignkeysdifferent?

ANSWER:

Aprimarykeyisafieldthatuniquelyidentifiesarecordinarelationofadatabasewhileforeignkeyisaprimarykeyofonefilethatappearsinanotherfile.So,primarykeysmustbeuniqueinagivenrelationwhileforeignkeysdonothavetobe.Theyarethesameinthatbothareusedtoenforceintegrityconstraints.

6.Whatarethefivesoftwarecomponentsofadatabasemanagementsystem?

ANSWER:

ThefiveimportantsoftwarecomponentsofaDBMSare

（1）

DBMSengine,

（2）datadefinitionsubsystem,（3）datamanipulationsubsystem,（4）applicationgenerationsubsystem,and（5）dataadministrationsubsystem.

7.HowareQBEtoolsandSQLsimilar?

Howaretheydifferent?

ANSWER:

QBEtoolsandSQLaresimilarinthattheybothgiveyoutheabilitytocreatequeriestofindinformationinadatabase.TheyaredifferentinthatQBEtoolsprovideaGUIinterfacewhileSQLrequiresthatyoucreateyourqueryinstatementform.

8.Whatisadatawarehouse?

Howdoesitdifferfromadatabase?

ANSWER:

Thefourtypesofinformationaccordingtowhatinformation

describesareinternal,external,objective,andsubjective.

9.Whatarethefourmajortypesofdata-miningtools?

ANSWER:

Thefourmajortypesofdataminingtoolsareintelligentagents,query-and-reportingtools,multidimensionalanalysistools,andstatisticaltools.

10.Whatisadatamart?

Howisitsimilartoadatawarehouse?

ANSWER:

Adatamartisasubsetofadatawarehouseinwhichonlyafocusedportionofthedatawarehousedinformationiskept.

Chapter4

SHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS（p.123）

11.Whatarethefourtypesofdecisiondiscussedinthischapter?

Giveanexampleofeach.

ANSWER:

Nonrecurringoradhocdecisionsonethatyoumakeinfrequently（perhapsonlyonce）andyoumayevenhavedifferentcriteriafordeterminingthebestsolutioneachtime.Ame