高考英语短文理解学案3.docx
《高考英语短文理解学案3.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语短文理解学案3.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语短文理解学案3
2019-2020年高考英语短文理解学案（3）
阅读理解由于题材非常广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等；体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等特点，往往是考试中的难题。
那么，如何做好阅读理解呢﹖如何在平时的训练中做到心里有数，稳扎稳打的作练习；有目的、有方向的训练自己的不足之处。
阅读的提高是一个中长期的训练过程，如何在第一步就领先一步呢？
如何做好自己的计划和安排呢？
是否真的有一些实用的技巧和方法呢？
让我们来看看，到底要怎样做！
第一、是要排除心理障碍，不要因为自身词汇量小，阅读文章中有较多的“拦路虎”，而对之望而生畏，造成紧张心理，导致越读越慌，越慌越难的窘境，从而影响正常的答题。
对于阅读文章中的生词问题，我在后面会详细谈一下。
第二、忌不带问题阅读。
要先看题干，弄清题目要求，带着问题有目的地进行阅读，这样就能把握方向，同时也可边阅读边选出考查表层情况问题的答案，提高阅读效率及答题的正确性。
第三、是要切忌一个词一个词割裂地理解，或将无关的词硬凑在一起理解，以致无法获取句子语义及特定语境中篇章的意义，造成信息流中断，曲解或偏离题意。
第四、是要善于抓关键句和主题句。
文章的第一句或最后一句往往是文章或段落的关键句或主题句，对文章的理解起着重要的作用；同时要学会正确猜测词义，有机地联系上下文，读了上文，猜测下文，不要逐词翻译，造成前后脱节，缺乏语感，以致于理解错误。
第五，充分利用语篇中的文字或图表形式等基本信息，准确地捕捉关键事实和细节，进而归纳出主旨大意，领会全文的逻辑关系，弄清作者的写作意图等，进行推理判断，挖掘字里行间的深层内涵。
第六，完成选择时，看其是否与文中内容相矛盾，有无文中信息支持点，再有就是看它是否完全符合题目的要求；如果让你判断其标题的话，要看文章表达的是人还是事，从而推断其标题内容。
所有的选项必须以文章为基础，不要随意发挥想像或联想。
第七，忌忽略时间。
做阅读理解题时，一定要从整体上控制时间，时间分配根据文章的难易程度有别。
文中一两处没弄懂的地方可以暂且放置一边，等把全部题做完后，再回头来处理。
因为做完题后，你的心情相对放松了往往会产生新的思路、新的灵感。
即使做完题后时间所剩无几了，你再把未处理的题猜测一下也不晚，因为你仍然有选对的可能性。
第八，良好的阅读习惯。
这个要靠平时的培养。
克服阅读时不必要的附带动作，如头部转动、用手指或铅笔逐个点词等等；避免朗读，人看的速度要比读快2倍，朗读必然影响阅读速度；不要逐词逐词地看，这样既影响速度又影响理解。
正确的方法是头部不动，用眼睛去扫描，这样既能提高速度又能整句理解。
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.
A
ThisMarchisabusymonthinShanghai.There'salottodo.Herearethe
highlights.
LiveMusic-LateNightJazz
EnjoyrealAmericanjazzfromHerbieDavis,thefamoustrumpetplayer.He'singwithhisnew7-pieceband,Herbie'sHeroes.Herbieisknowntoplaywellintotheearlyhours,sodon'texpecttogetmuchsleep.ThisisHerbie'sthirdvisittoShanghai.Thefirsttwoweresoldout,sogetyourticketsquickly.
PLACE:
TheJazzClubDATES:
15-23MarchPRICE:
￥80,120TIME:
10:
00p.m.tilllate!
TEL:
6466-8736
Scottishdancing
Takeyourpartnersandgetreadytodancetillyoudrop.Scottishdancingisfunandeasytolearn.Instructorswilldemonstratethedances.Theliveband,GordonStroppieandtheWeefrees,arealsoexcellent.
PLACE:
JackStein'sDATES:
everyMondayPRICE:
Y60includingonedrinkTIME:
7:
00-~0:
00p.m.TEL:
6402-1877
Exhibitions-ShanghaiMuseum
Thereare120,000piecesonshowhere.YoucanseethewholeofChinesehistoryunderoneroof.It'salwaysinterestingtovisit,butdoublysoatthemomentwiththeEgyptianTombsexhibition.Therearelotsofmummiesandmoregoldthanyou'veeverseenbefore.Letusknowifyouseeamummymove!
PLACE:
ShanghaiMuseumPRICE:
￥30（￥15forstudents）TEL:
6888-6888DATES:
dailyTIME:
Monday-Friday9:
00a.m.-5:
00p.m.,Weekends9:
00a.m.-9:
00p.m.
Dining-Sushichefintown
SushiisgettingreallybiginShanghai.InJapan,it'sbeeanartform.ThemostfamousSushi'artist'isYukiKamura.She'salsooneofthefewfemalechefsinJapan.She'llbeatSushiSceneallofthismonth.
PLACE:
SushiSceneintheShanghaiHotelDATES:
allmonthPRICE:
￥200TIME:
lunchtimeTEL:
6690-3211
Forafulllistingofevents,seeourwebsite.
56.Supposeyouaregoingtoattendanactivityat8:
00p.m.onSaturday,whichonecanyou
choose?
A.LiveMusic-LateNightJazzB.Scottishdancing
C.Exhibitions-ShanghaiMuseumD.Dining-Sushichefintown
57.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheadvertisements?
A.Scottishdancingissointerestingandeasythatitnevertiresyouout.
B.TheperformancegivenbytheAmericanjazzbandwon'tlastlong.
C.SushiisnotpopularinShanghaiasitisakindofJapanesetraditionalfood.
D.ItismoreinterestingtovisitShanghaiMuseumfortheexhibitsfromEgypt.
58.FromthetextwemaylearnthatKamurais_______.
A.acookB.awaitressC.aninstructorD.anartist
B
Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourpossibilitytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressful（有压力的）conditions.Socialsupportmakesupoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletodealwithmajorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesovertypesofillnesses,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,showthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeopledefendthemselvesagainstillness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.
Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relativesandco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersinspiteofourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialpanionshipsupportive.Takingpartinfree-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting（转移注意力）usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupportmoneyaid,materialresources,andneededservices-thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveanddealwithourproblems.
59.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecausetheycan________
A.makepeoplelivemoreeasily
B.smoothawaydailyproblems
C.dealwithlifechanges
D.curetypesofillnesses
60.Theresearchesshowthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth_______
A.liesinthesocialmedicalcaresystemswhichsupportthem
B.hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothers
C.dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroubles
D.isrelatedtotheircouragefordealingwithmajorlifechanges
61.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"cushions"?
A.takesplaceofB.makesupof
C.lessenstheeffectofD.getsridof
62.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkinsparetimeisanexampleof________
A.instrumentalsupportB.informationalsupport
C.socialpanionshipD.thestrengtheningofself-respect
63.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?
A.Interpersonalrelationships.
B.Kindsofsocialsupport.
C.Waystodealwithstress.
D.Effectsofstressfulcondition.
C
Manypeopleareinterestedinfamilyhistory,anareaofstudycalledgenealogy（家谱学）.MostgenealogyexpertshaveheardabouttheFamilyHistoryLibraryinSaltLakeCity,Utah.TheLibraryclaimstohavethelargestcollectionofgenealogicalrecordsintheworld.ShirleyGriffithhasmoreaboutthisunusualresearchcenter.
TheFamilyHistoryLibraryhasmanyrecordstohelppeoplesearchforinformationabouttheirfamilyhistories.Ithasbirth,marriageanddeathrecordsfromreligiousgroupsandgovernments.Thecollectionincludesofficialpopulation,courtandpropertyrecords.Italsoincludesburialrecords,shippassengerlistsandpublishedfamilyhistories.
TheFamilyHistoryLibraryhasinformationfromalmosteveryareaoftheworld.Mostrecordsarefrom1550through1920.Theserecordsincludethenamesofmorethantwothousandmillionpeoplewhohavedied.Thelibraryhasfewrecordsoflivingpersons.
TheFamilyHistoryLibraryisoperatedbytheChurchofJesusChristofLatter-DaySaints.Thechurchhasbeengatheringfamilyhistoryrecordsaroundtheworldformorethanonehundredyears.Thegroupurges（催促）itsmemberstostudythelivesofearlyfamilymembersasareligiousrequirement.
TheFamilyHistoryLibraryisopentothepubliceverydayexceptSundayandsomeholidays.Visitorsareinvitedtouseitsbooksandothermaterials.LibraryofficialssayitisoneofthemostpopularplacesforvisitorsinUtah.Abouttwothousandfourhundredpeopleusethelibraryeachday.
Individuals,familiesandprivategroupshavegivensomeoftheirrecordstothelibrary.Thelibraryboughtotherrecordsfromgovernments.Alltheinformationisgatheredwiththeapproval（批准）ofgovernmentsorofficialswhosupervise（监督）therecords.
Thelibrarycopiesmanyrecordstoakindoffilmthatcanbereadwithspecialequipment.Itisknownasmicrofilm.Thecollectionisalwaysexpanding.Today,Churchrepresentativesaremakingcopiesofimportantrecordsaroundtheworld.
ManypeoplefinditdifficulttotraveltoUtahtousetheFamilyHistoryLibrary.So,theChurchhassetupmorethanthreethousandFamilyHistoryCentersinseventy-fivecountriesaroundtheworld.
64.Itislesslikelythatyoucanget_________fromtheFamilyHistoryLibrary.
A.datesofsomepeople'sbirths
B.namesofsomepeoplewhodiedatsea
C.recordsofcertainjudgesorsomelaws
D.informationaboutcertainpersonsalive
65.NormallyhowmanyvisitorsdoesthelibraryinUtahreceiveinaweek?
A.2,400.B.3,000.C.14,400.D.16,800.
66.Thetextismainlyabout________
A.thehistoryofgenealogyB.thestudyoffamilyhistory
C.theFamilyHistoryLibraryD.theChurchofJesusChrist
D
FredMichelisoneof7.2millionAmericanswhomoonlight,orholdmorethanonejob.
Onceaweek,afterhisdayjobasmedicaldirectorofamentalhealthcenter,the40-year-oldpsychiatrist（精神病大夫）headstoapart-timejobatatreatmentcenterforyoungpeople.Twiceamonth,hetravelsthreehourstoanotherteenagetreatmentcenter.
Lastyear,5.4percentoftheAmericanworkforceheldsecondjobs,accordingtotheUSLaborDepartment,andthatlookssettoincreasethisyear.
Manyworkerslikethesafetythatmoonlightingprovides,saysCarlHausamn,thewriterof"Moonlighting:
148GreatWaystoMakeMoneytotheSide."
TheinformationfromtheUSLaborDepartmentshowsthat40percentofUSmoonlightersin1997tookasecondjobtomeethouseholdexpensesorpayoffdebts.Otherssavemoneyorbuysomespecialthings.
Peoplealsotakesecondjobswithaneyetothefuture-wantingtotryoutanewfieldorgainexperience.
Michelst
升级会员 