英语 高考英语阅读理解社会文化专项训练100附答案.docx

英语 高考英语阅读理解社会文化专项训练100附答案.docx

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英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化专项训练100附答案

【英语】高考英语阅读理解（社会文化）专项训练100（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类

1．阅读理解

TheatersofthePast

   TheGreekTheater

   TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated（夸张的）actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.

   TheMedievalTheater

   TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests（牧师）toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.

   TheElizabethanTheater

   TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:

Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.

   TheRestorationTheater

   Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.

（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?

A.Toholdalargeaudience.

B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.

C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.

D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.

（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?

A.TheGreekTheater.

B.TheMedievalTheater.

C.TheElizabethanTheater.

D.TheRestorationTheater.

（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?

A.Colorfulmaskswereused.

B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.

C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.

D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。

这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.”舞台是一个非常聪明的想法，因为舞台两侧的大背板上都画着场景）可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞台设计非常巧妙。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   WhileBlackFridayandCyberMondayhelpstarttheholidayshoppingseason,GivingTuesday,whichwillbeobservedonNovember28,attemptstoinspiretheseasonofgiving.Nowinitssixthyear,thecharitable（慈善的）dayusesthepowerofsocialmediatoencourageorganizationsandindividualstodonatefundsorresourcestoworthycauses.Itsmissionistobringpositivechangetocommunitiesthroughgiving.

   Thoughdevotingjustonedaytoaworthycausemaynotseemmuch,GivingTuesdaymakesasurprisinglysignificantimpact.In2015,ORGANIZE,anonlineorgandonorprogramaskedpeopleto“GivewithyourHeart”,bybecomingregistereddonors.ThousandsofAmericanslistentothecryforhelp,resultinginoneofthelargestdigitaldonordrivesinUShistory.

   Thatsameyear,theClevelandLibraryandthePrattLibraryinBaltimorecompetedtoseewhocouldencouragemoredonations.WhilethePrattLibrarywonwitha$41,000acquisition,theClevelandLibrarywasabletoraiseafairlylargeamountforitsprogramsaswell.In2016,theUniversityofMichiganencouragedstudentsandfriendstodonatetohourlychallenges.Theyraisedanamazing$5.5million!

Theuniversityhopestorecreatethemagicthisyear,withavirtualcelebrationtomarktheinstitution's200thanniversary.

   GivingTuesdayisnotjustaUSphenomenon,butaglobalmovement.In2016,98countriesparticipatedintheevent,raising$177million,a44%increaseover2015,when71nationscollected$116.7million.Thesenumberscanonlyincreaseasthedaygainsfurtherrecognition.

   Thoughdonatingfundsisagreatwaytohelp,therearenumerousotherwaystosupportyourlocalcommunity.Youcangivebackbyvolunteeringatanearbynonprofitorfoodbank.Socialmediaexpertscandotheirsharebyspreadingtheinformationandinspiringtheircolleaguestogetinvolved.AnothergreatwaytocelebrateGivingTuesdayisbyhelpingthoseclosesttoyou,whetherthat'sassistingafamilymemberwithchoresorhelpinganeighborwithyardwork.

（1）WhyisGivingTuesdaystarted?

A. Toappealtopeopletoperformanactofkindness.

B. Topromotesalesoftheholidayshoppingseason.

C. Toinspirethepoortohaveapositiveviewoflife.

D. Toencouragepeopletodonateorgansforpatients.

（2）Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat      .

A. peopledonatedmoneyactivelyforthetwolibrariesinBaltimore

B. theUniversityofMichiganthoughtitchallengingtogetdonations

C. GivingTuesdayhasn'tbeenuniversallyacceptedintheworldsofar

D. thedonationstotheinstitutionweregivenforits200thanniversary

（3）Theauthortriestotellthereaders    inParagraph5.

A. whyweneedtovolunteerinourlocalcommunity

B. whowewillcelebrateGivingTuesdaytogetherwith

C. whereweshoulddonatefundstobenefitotherpeople

D. howwecangivetohelpthosewhoareingreatneed

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍GivingTuesday,并激励人们慷慨行善。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“WhileBlackFridayandCyberMondayhelpstarttheholidayshoppingseason,GivingTuesday,whichwillbeobservedonNovember28,attemptstoinspiretheseasonofgiving.”可知,人们庆祝GivingTuesday的目的是激励人们慷慨行善。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Thesenumberscanonlyincreaseasthedaygainsfurtherrecognition.”可以推断出,到目前为止在世界上庆祝GivingTuesday还不够普遍。

故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据第五段中的“）Thoughdonatingfundsisagreatwaytohelp,therearenumerousotherwaystosupportyourlocalcommunity.”可知,本段文章的内容主要讲述为社会奉献有许多种方式。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   SinglesDay:

AlibabaSaysaLotofPeopleinChinaBoughtOnline

Theplanet'sbiggestshoppingdayhascomeandgone,andAlibabaagainshowedtheworldhowmanymountainsofstuff（物品）itcouldpersuadepeopletobuyinthe24hours.

   MondaywasNov.11,knowninChinaasSinglesDay.Thisyear,nearly$38.3billionworthofstuffwassoldonAlibaba'splatforms（平台）thatday,beatinglastyear's$30.8billionandmakingBlackFridaylook,yetagain,likeayardsale.

   Chinahasgrownricherandmoredigitallyconnected.Alibabahasbecomeatechnologypowerhouse.Alongtheway,thecompanyhasmadeafewfamousfriends.ThisyearthesingerTaylorSwiftperformedinitslive-streamedeveninggala（庆典）inShanghaionSunday.InpreviousyearsthemodelMirandaKerrandtheactorsNicoleKidmanandDanielCraigalsoshowedontheSinglesDaystage.

   AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChina,simplyenough,byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturerswithbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Aallowedpeopletobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:

size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.

   Alibabanowcallsitselfadataandtechnologycompany,onethatprovidesdigitaltoolstohelpthebusinessesonitsplatforms.That,inturn,leadsconsumerstolooktothoseplatformsfortheireveryneed,fromshoppingandservicestoentertainmentandtravel.Today,Alibabaisitselfagiganticcompany,anditwantstogrowbiggerstill.

（1）Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom?

A.Atextbook.

B.Anewspaper.

C.Asciencenewsreport.

D.Anadvertisement.

（2）HowmanyfamouspeopleshowedontheSinglesDaystage?

A.2.

B.3.

C.4.

D.5.

（3）WhatdoesAlibaba'sadvantagemainlyliein?

A.Itsplatform.

B.Itsservice.

C.Itsprice.

D.Itssize.

（4）Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"gigantic"inthelastparagraph?

A.Large.

B.Small.

C.Good.

D.Successful.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引领了中国双十一购物节的阿里巴巴公司。

每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。

同时介绍了阿里巴巴的相关信息。

（1）考查推理判断。

本文介绍了中国双十一购物节相关数据和阿里巴巴公司的情况，可以从报纸了解到相关信息。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的TaylorSwift，MirandaKerr，NicoleKidman，DanielCraig等人都参加了双十一晚会庆典，共4人，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:

size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.”阿里巴巴的优势不难看出，就是其规模，而且阿里巴巴的规模以中国标准而言也是非常大的。

故选D。

（4）考查词义猜测。

最后一段中的“anditwantstogrowbiggerstill”，阿里巴巴也想继续扩大，此处使用了bigger形容词的比较级，由此可判断划线词意为“大”，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

   In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.

   ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinness,RichardBurton,DameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras（交响乐团）.ItbecameafixedeventeveryAugustandnowattracts400,000peopleyearly.