版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit 7.docx
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版英语高三一轮复习系列大一轮复习讲义话题版浙江话题Unit7
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Iamwritingtoapply(申请)forbeingavolunteerinourschool.
2.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajor(主要的)ways.
(2018·全国Ⅰ)
3.Owingtotherecentbadweather,theprojectisseveralweeksbehindschedule(计划).
4.Thenadiscussion(讨论)willbeheld,aimingtoimprovemutualunderstanding.
5.Hegotascholarship(奖学金)lastterm.
6.Shehasasisterwhoisfouryearsjunior(小的)tome.
7.Sheinsistedonherownopinion(意见)evenifshewaswrong.
8.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent(缺席的).(2017·全国Ⅰ)
9.Somechangetheirbehaviourinreallifetoimprove(改善)theirimageontheweb.(2018·江苏)
10.Theywerenotprovidedwithadequateequipment(设备).(2018·江苏)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Whatcanjournalistsdointhefaceofthiscomplex,uncertainandhotlydebated(debate)topic?
2.Wewillgiveapossibleexplanation(explain)forwhysomepeoplemayhaveanincreasedriskofdevelopingthisdisease.
3.Thefirstisthatantitrustauthorities(authority)needtomovefromtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.(2017·江苏)
4.Igraduatedonscholarshipanddancedprofessionallyfortenyears.
5.Thetripisscheduled(schedule)tostartonDecember21inNewYorkCityandcontinueontoMilan.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
6.Ifyouhavefurther(far)questions,pleasefeelfreetoletmeknow.(2018·北京)
7.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientific(science)progress.
(2018·浙江)
8.Firmsthatfailtotake(take)advantageofthenewtechnologywillgooutofbusiness.
9.Hissecretarywillhavetotakeonmostofhisworkwhilehe’sgone.
10.Wewanttopreservethecharacterofthetownwhileimproving(improve)thefacilities.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.Aweakrayoflightcameinthroughasmallholeinthewallandhewasabsorbedinhisreading.
2.ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.(2017·江苏)
3.Timeisover,andpleasehandinyourpaper.
4.It’sheartbrokenforaparenttowatchachildgothroughmisery.
5.Finally,Imanagedtocatchupwithothers.
6.Weputforwardsomeadviceatthemeetingyesterday.
Ⅳ.同义词语替换
1.Weaimtoletyounggraduatesprepareforacompetitivebusinessenvironment.equip,for
2.Nobodybelievedhisreasonformissingtheclassthathehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.
beingabsentfrom
3.Peoplewhostudiedsubjectslikeliteratureorhistoryatuniversitiesusuallyhavetoreadmorethansciencemajorsdo.majorin
4.Icouldn’tfigureoutwhatIhaddonetoannoymyboss.workout
5.Idon’tlikerockmusicbecauseit’smuchtoonoisyformytaste.goinfor
(1)explainsth.tosb.向某人解释……
explainoneself说明自己的意思;为自己的行为辩解
(2)explanationn.解释;说明
inexplanationof作为对……的解释或辩解
(1)Whatisyourexplanationforbeinglate?
(2)Couldyouexplainyourself(you)abitmore?
(3)Haveyouanythingtosayinexplanationof(作为对……的辩解)yourconduct?
易错点拨
explain后不接双宾语,若语义上需要此类结构,可用explainsth.tosb.结构。
类似不接双宾语的动词还有:
describe,say,report,announce,suggest,mention,express等。
majoradj.主要的;较重要的
v.主修
n.专业,主修科目;某专业的学生
(1)majorin主修……
(2)majorityn.大部分;大多数;大半
ina/themajority占大多数
(1)[一句多译] 我在大学里主修英语。
①ImajorinEnglishatuniversity.
②MymajorisEnglishatuniversity.
③I’manEnglishmajoratuniversity.
(2)Onlyaminorityofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingthesubwaytoworkareinthe/amajority(占多数).
易错点拨
major本身含有“比较”之意,没有比较等级的变化,也不可与than连用。
(1)aheadofschedule提前
onschedule按时;按时间表
behindschedule迟于预定时间
(2)bescheduledfor预定;安排
bescheduledtodo...计划做……
asscheduled按计划
(1)Afterhehadfinishedhisscheduled(schedule)busroute,heofferedtohelpmeout.
(2)Inspiteofallthedifficulties,wefulfilledourtaskaheadofschedule(提前).
(3)Theapplicationtimeisscheduledfor(预定)October5-10.
(4)Thetripisscheduledtostart(计划开始)onDecember21inNewYorkCityandcontinueontoMilan,Prague,Paris,BangkokandNewDelhi.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
(1)failtodo...未能做……
failin...在……失败
(2)failuren.衰退,衰竭;失败;故障;失败的人(事)
endinfailure以失败告终
heartfailure心脏衰竭
(1)Wewereconfusedbyhisfailuretoanswer(answer)theletter.
(2)Itwasevidentthatthepolicywasafailure.
[同义句改写]
(3)Hefailedtheexam.
①Hefailedintheexam.
②Hefailedtopasstheexam.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中fail的汉语意思
(4)Thecropsfailedagainlastsummer.C
(5)Thebrakesfailedandthebuscrashedintoatree.B
A.辜负 B.失灵 C.歉收
易错点拨
(1)failure表示抽象意义的“失败”时,不可数;表示具体意义的“失败的人或事”时,则可数。
(2)failure后可接不定式作定语,但不接ofdoing...。
graduatevi.大学毕业;获得(学士)学位
vt.向(毕业生)授予学位
n.毕业生
(1)graduatefrom/at从……毕业
graduatein毕业于……专业
(2)graduationn.毕业
ongraduation一毕业
(1)Ithasbeen20yearssincewegraduatedfromhighschool.
我们高中毕业已经20年了。
(2)Hegraduatedinphysicsfrom/atCambridgeUniversity.
他毕业于剑桥大学物理专业。
(3)Ongraduationfromcollege,shegotagoodjob.
她大学一毕业就找到了一份好工作。
markn.痕迹;标记;记号;成绩;分数;污点,污渍
vt.(给试卷等)打分数;留痕迹于;作记号于
(1)hit/missthemark(未)达到目标
makeone’smark出名,成功
uptothemark达到要求的标准
(2)bemarkedwith标记着
bemarkedon标记在……上
markdown记下;降低……价格/分数
[写出下列句子中mark的词性及汉语意思]
(1)Hemademarkswithapencil.n.记号;符号
(2)Hewasmarkingessaysinhissmallstudy.v.给(作业)评分(或打分)
(3)Hedidwelltogetsuchagoodmark.n.成绩,分数
(4)Pricesaremarkedonthegoods.v.标记
(5)Whomadethesedirtymarksonmynewcoat?
n.污点,污渍
[单句语法填空]
(6)TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,marking(mark)theendoftheChineseNewYearcelebrations.
(7)You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
(8)Theexitsignwasmarkedwithanarrow.
presentadj.现存的,当前的;在场的,出席的
n.礼物;目前
v.陈述;提出(观点、计划等);授予;展示;呈现;主持
(1)bepresentat出席
(2)atpresent目前;现在
forthepresent目前;暂时
(3)presentsth.tosb.(=presentsb.withsth.)向某人赠送某物
(1)WewerepresentattheconcertwhileTomwasabsentfromit.
我们参加了音乐会,但是汤姆缺席了。
(2)We’llnottalkaboutthematterforthepresent.
我们暂时不谈论这件事。
(3)Helikedmyoldtypewritersomuch,thusIpresentedittohim/presentedhimwithit.
他非常喜欢我的旧打字机,因此我把它送给了他。
易错点拨
present作前置定语时,意为“目前的”;作后置定语时,意为“出席的,在场的”。
(1)beabsentfrom缺席……
(2)absencen.[C]&[U]缺席;不在某处;[C]缺乏
absenceofmind心不在焉
insb.’sabsence某人不在时
intheabsenceofsth.缺乏某物
(1)Hefailedintheexambecauseofhisabsenceofmind.
他因心不在焉而考试不及格。
(2)Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
没有了(灰)狼,郊狼的数量也迅速增加。
(3)Hewasabsentfromthemeetingforonereasonoranother.
他因为某种原因而没有出席会议。
(4)[同义句改写] ThedecisionwasmadewhileIwasnotthere.
→Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.
易错点拨
(1)absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
(2)表示“做某事缺席”,其后通常接介词from。
geton/alongwith与……相处;进展
getover克服
getdowntodoingsth.开始做某事
getthrough打通电话;通过考试;渡过难关
(1)HowareyougettingalongwithyourFrench?
(2)It’stimethatIgotdowntothinking(think)aboutmyfuture.
(3)Ithinktheproblemcanbegotoverwithouttoomuchdifficulty.
(4)He’snotverygoodatgettinghisideasacross.
(5)Ifinallymanagedtogetthroughmydrivingtest.
putaside把……放到一边;储存
putoff推迟;延期
putupwith忍受;容忍
putaway把……收拾好;整理;储蓄
puton穿上;上演;增加
putup搭建;张贴;为……提供住宿
putdown放下;写下;镇压
[写出下列句子中putforward的汉语意思]
(1)Putyourwatchforward;it’sfiveminutesslow.拨快
(2)Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;therefore,I’llputhimforwardasacandidate.推荐
(3)Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前
(4)Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出
takeoff起飞;脱下;迅速流行;事业等步入正轨,腾飞
takeover接管;继承;支配
takeon呈现;雇用
takeup开始从事;继续;拿起;占据
takedown拿下;写下;记下
[写出下列句子中takein的汉语意思]
(1)Don’tbetakeninbyproductsclaimingtohelpyouloseweightinaweek.欺骗
(2)Gazingupintohiseyes,sheseemedtotakeinallhesaid.领会,理解
(3)Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.收留
(4)Theywillcertainlyneedtotakeinplentyofliquid.吸收
(5)TheycontinuedafewmilesfurthertotakeinHintonHouse.参观
(6)ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.包括,包含
[根据语境用上述短语的正确形式填空]
(7)Attheageof18,he①tookoverhisfather’scompany.Asachiefmanager,he②tookinanumberoftalents,whichmadehiscompany③takeonanewlook.Atlast,hiscareer④tookoff.18岁时,他接管了父亲的公司。
作为总经理,他吸纳了大量人才,这使他的公司呈现出新的面貌。
最终,他的事业步入正轨。
(1)beabsorbedby/into为……所吸收;被……吞并(吸引)
(2)absorbone’sattention吸引某人的注意
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
(1)Inthiscase,trytopushawayyourthoughtsuntilyou’reabsorbed(absorb)inwhatyourfriendissaying.(2018·河南南阳一中模拟)
(2)Thisplantabsorbedwaterfromtheeartharoundit.
[句式升级]
(3)HewasabsorbedinTVsothatheforgottosleep.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
AbsorbedinTV,heforgottosleep.
易错点拨
beabsorbedin结构在句中作状语或定语时,常用absorbedin...形式。
类似的结构还有:
belostin,becaughtin,beburiedin,bedevotedto,beoccupiedin,beinvolvedin等。
Everytimebeforeanexamination,Iamsoupset.I’mafraidImayfailtheexamandcan’tliveuptomyteacher’sexpectations.每次考试前我都非常烦躁,害怕考试不及格而辜负了老师的期望。
everytime相当于eachtime,是名词短语用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每当……的时候”。
常见的可用作从属连词的名词短语或副词还有:
(1)thefirsttime第一次……时
(the)nexttime下次……时
anytime任何时候
thelasttime上次……时
(2)theminute/moment/instant一……就……
(3)immediately/instantly/directly一……就……
(1)“Every/Eachtimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.妈妈过去常常告诉我,“每次吃甜品的时候,喝点绿茶。
”
(2)Thenexttime/Nexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossip.
下次你想传播最新消息时,想想你传播流言的原因。
(3)On/Uponhearingwhathesaid,Icouldn’tholdbackmytears.一听到他说的话,我热泪盈眶。
[一句多译] 众所周知,开卷有益。
(4)Asisknown,somethingislearnedevery/eachtimeabookisopened.(every/eachtime)
(5)Asisknown,somethingislearnedthemoment/minute/instantabookisopened.(the+瞬间名词)
Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters(散射).(2015·北京)
每次光以一种新的速度穿过一种物质时,它就会发生折射和散射。
易错点拨
forthefirsttime在句中只能作状语,不具有连词功能,不能用来引导状语从句。
Ip