vocabulary learning in junior middle school students in rural area大学毕设论文.docx

vocabulary learning in junior middle school students in rural area大学毕设论文.docx

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vocabularylearninginjuniormiddleschoolstudentsinruralarea大学毕设论文

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050201（英语语言文学）

NingxiaNormalUniversity

本科学生毕业论文

题目TheProblemsandMeasuresofEnglishVocabularyLearninginJuniorMiddleSchoolStudentsinRuralArea

姓名

学号

论文编号

院（系）外国语学院

专业英语

指导教师

职称（学历）讲师

完成时间2016年5月25日

宁夏师范学院教务处制

摘要

象征主义起源于19世纪的法国，后来扩及整个欧美国家。

其中著名的美国作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑被称作象征主义文学的代表人物。

在《好小伙子布朗》这一小说中，纳撒尼尔·霍桑为了凸显小说的主题而运用象征主义手法。

小说讲述了一个名叫布朗的小伙子离开干净纯洁的地方而前往邪恶的黑森林的故事。

这次森林之旅是好小伙布朗认清人本性的途径。

我的论文奖从人，物，场景三个方面的象征来写，进一步会分析象征主义在表现作品主题方面的促进作用。

在《好小伙子布朗》中，纳撒尼尔·霍桑运用象征主义手法来表现主题：

人性本善，但也有恶的本能。

关键词：

纳撒尼尔·霍桑象征主义手法促进作用主题

Abstract

SymbolismbeganinFrancein19century,andlatterspreadallofEuropeanandAmericancountries.ThefamousAmericanwriterNathanielHawthorneisregardedasarepresentativeofSymbolism.InYoungGoodmanBrown,NathanielHawthorneusessymbolisminordertoanalyzethethemeofthestory.ThestorytalksaboutamancalledYoungGoodmanBrownwholeaveshisinnocentandpureworldtoadarkandevilforest.ThisjourneytoforestisawayforYoungGoodmanBrowntorecognizetheoriginalnatureofman.MypaperwilltalkabouttheapplicationofsymbolisminYoungGoodmanBrowninthreeaspects:

characters,objects,andsettings.Andfurthermorethispaperwilldiscusstheaccelerationofsymbolisminhighlightingthetheme.InYoungGoodmanBrown,NathanielHawthorneusessymbolismtoshowthethemethathumanarebeinggoodbynature,buttheyalsohavebadinstinct.

KeyWords:

NathanielHawthorne;symbolism;acceleration;theme.

CONTENTS

I.Introduction1

1.1Thecontentandtheme1

1.2Theresearchsignificanceofthisshortstory1

1.3IThedefinitionandfunctionofsymbolism2

II.LiteratureReview2

2.1Domesticresearchstatus2

2.2Foreignresearchstatus4

III.ThesymbolisminYoungGoodmanBrown4

3.1ThecreationbackgroundofYoungGoodmanBrown4

3.2ThesymbolismofYoungGoodmanBrown4

3.2.1Thesymbolismofpeople4

3.2.2.Thesymbolismofobjects7

3.2.3.Thesymbolismofsettings……………………………………………………………………...8

3.3Theaccelerationofsymbolisminhighlightingthetheme……………………………………………..8

IV.Conclusion10

Bibliography12

Acknowledgments13

I.Introduction

1.1Thecontentandtheme

ThisstorytellsusaboutYoungGoodmanBrown.GoodmanBrownisapure,young,andgoodpilgrim.Andhepursuesmoralityandallkindsofbeautifulthing.However,Brownkissesgoodbyetohisnew-marriedwife,Faith,tothatdarkforest.Duringthisjourneytowardsforestundertheaccompanyofhisfellow-traveller,GoodmanBrownseesGoodyCloyse,GoodyCory,DeaconGookin,evenhisFaithgoingtodarkforest.Infact,thosepeopleareGoodmanBrown’sdeeplyrespectfulandloving;but,theyallcometotheevilforestanddosomethingbadandimmoral.ToGoodmanBrown’ssurprise,hiswifealsocomeshereandjoinsthis“party”.Brownsays:

”MyFaithisGone.”Atthesametime,GoodmanBrownloseshisfaithandbelief.SothisjourneysubvertsGoodmanBrown’sbelief,faith,andwholeworld.Meanwhile,GoodmanBrownseesclearlythehumanityofallvillagers.ItisdifficultforGoodmanBrowntoacceptthesharpgapbetweenrealityandsurface.Atlast,GoodmanBrowndieswithgloomanddisappointment.

InYoungGoodmanBrown,NathanielHawthornenarratesGoodmanBrown’sjourneyfrominnocentwordtoevilforesttoshowthetwosidesofhuman’shumanitythathumanarebeinggoodbynature,buttheyalsohavebadinstinct.

1.2Theresearchsignificanceofthisshortstory

NathanielHawthorneisafamousromanticismnovelistandthepathfinderofpsychologicalnovel.Inaddition,heisgoodatdissectingpeople’sinnermindthroughusingsymbolism,andhelaysemphasisonmoralityandcrime.Atthesametime,NathanielHawthorneproposeswashingcrimeandrefiningtheheartbygoodbehaviorandself-repentancetogaintherescue.Hawthornenotonlyexposesthedarkandevilaspectofsocietyandman,butalsoshowsthegreatamountofsympathyforprotagonists.AndYoungGoodmanBrownisagoodexample.InYoungGoodmanBrown,HawthornenarratesthatGoodmanBrownleaveshishappyandinnocentworldwithhisnew-marriedwifetothatevilforest.Throughthistourtoforest,GoodmanBrownseesthevillagerswithkindandbeautyinsurface,butevilanduglyinessence.ItishardforGoodmanBrowntoacceptsuchsharpgapbetweenrealityandsurface.Atlast,GoodmanBrowndieswithgloomanddisappointment.Inthisshortnovel,Hawthorneexposesthedarksocietyandevilhumanity.Althoughtheplotisverysimple,abundantsymbolicimagesmakethenovelbecomericher,andthisshortstoryalsoturnsintotheresearchingfocusofmanyscholarsandprofessors.

Symbolismcomesfromtheword“symbol”,inGreekmeansatokenthattwosidesseparateonewoodintotwopartsandholdonesideseparatelyinordertoconnecteachother.Thenitgraduallyevolvesintoanaccustomedandconceptualrepresentativeasakindofform.Hawthorneisverygoodatshowingthemebyusingsymbolism.TheScarletLetter,TheHouseoftheSevenGables,andYoungGoodmanBrownusesymbolismtoapplycolorstoadrawing,andputemphasisonthedestroyofCalvinism’scontroltowardspeople,andonthehypocriticalmoralityofupperpartsofpuritan.Ontheotherhand,modernwritersandpoetsalsomakeuseofsymbolismtoexpresstheirownspecialemotions.InCoastalCemetery,FrenchpoetPaulValeryusessymbolismtoexpresspoet’sownspecialthoughtaboutlifeanddeath,spiritandflesh.Andthepoetalsogetsatruththatweshouldcherishourrealityandloveourlife.InL’Oiseaubleu,BelgianplaywrightMaeterlinck,Mmakesgooduseofsymbolism.TheplaywrightnotonlygivesL’Oiseaubleusymbolicmeaning:

happiness,butonlypointsoutthathumanneedtotransformfrominnocencetocognitionintheprocessofcontradict,thenaftergettingthenaturalsecrettheyovercometheinnocenttragedysothathumanbeingcangainspiritualfreedom.Therefore,ifthewriterexcavatestheusageofsymbolismthoroughly,hecanexpresshisownspecialemotionsandrevealthetheme.

1.3Thedefinitionandfunctionofsymbolism

Indictionary,theword“symbolism”meansasystemofsymbolsandsymbolicrepresentations.Actually,symbolismisakindofartwhichcanexpressspecialideasoremotions.Symbolismdoesn’tdescribesomethingdirectlyanddoesn’tlimitthembycomparingwithspecificimages,butimplieswhatdoideasandemotionsmean,andusesthesymbolswithoutexplanationsinordertorecreatetheminreader’smind.However,thisisjustoneaspectofsymbolismwhichreferstotheindividualpart,notshowthesocialaspect.Infact,symbolismhasthesecondfeaturethatiscalledtranscendentalsymbolism.Thespecificimagesusecommon,wide,andidealworldtodemonstratesymbol,notwriter’ssymbolofgiventhoughtsoremotion.Thisidealwordexistsinideabeyondthereality.Thephilosophicalbasisofsymbolismismysticism.Itisanimportantpointthatsymbolismrevealsindividualsubjectivemoodtomakepeopleseparatingfromreallife.Sowecanjustfeeltheabstractandunsteadyessencewhichisfullofindividualpartandobscuremeaning.

Thesymbolismnotonlycanenhancethepoem’srhyme,butalsocanstrengthenartisticexpression.Ontheotherhand,symbolismcanconnectthesmallcommonthingwiththewholewideworld,sothatreaderscancomparetheeventshappeninginthestorytotheeventswhichtakeplaceinhistoryorlegend.Inaddition,symbolismalsohasboosteractioninhighlightingorstrengtheningtheme.

II.LiteratureReview

ThedomesticresearchesYoungGoodmanBrownbyNathanielHawthornefromsymbolism,religion,theme,personality,andtranslationtostudythisshortstory.Butforeignscholarsgetlessstudyinthisshortstory.Forexample,PredmoreR“YoungGoodmanBrown”,NightjourneyintotheForestdiscussesthecontentofYoungGoodmanBrown.

2.1Domesticresearchstatus

（1）TherearetenpassagestostudyYoungGoodmanBrownfromsymbolism.TheSymbolisminYoungGoodmanBrown（2014）byZhangYingisfromsymbolismoffouraspects:

character,thing,scene,andpassagedesigntorevealthetheme.AndZhangYingfindsthatNathanielHawthorne’ssymbolismhasgreatinfluenceinpuritan.InHawthorne’sAllegoricalNovelYoungGoodmanBrowntheUsageofSymbolism,LiangXinxinanalyzestheusageoffourkindsofsymbolism:

name,thing,behavior,andnaturalenvironment.Atsametime,shefindsouttheinnermeaningofeachkindofsymbolism.TheAnalysisofSymbolisminYoungGoodmanBrownbyWangYinandLiWenjundiscusshowdoesNathanielHawthorneusesymbolismskillfullytofabricatethedevil,blackforest,dreamtheseimages,whichmakesnovelbrimwithmysteriesandfables.

（2）TherearesevenpassagestostudyYoungGoodmanBrownfromreligion.TheFindingoftheRoadofRefugefromReligiouspuzzlement------theAnalysisofWritingThemeofYoungGoodmanBrown（2006）byYongHaiyanshowsthathypocriticalreligionjustleadspeopletotheconfusedabyss.Solongassomeonehasdeeploveforlifeandunderstandsthetruemeaningoflife,heorshecanfindtheroadofrefuge.InHawthorne’sViewofPuritanism-----TheAnalysisofBrown’sDeathinYoungGoodmanBrown（2007）,WangQingguangdiscussesthatthisjourneyisdoomedtobepainfulfrompuritan’stheoryoforiginalsin,becausehefindsouttheblackandevilaspectofpeople’sdeepheart.Soisdeathhiswaytogainredemption?

ThisinfiltratesHawthorne’sunderstandingaboutpuritanism.

（3）ThereareeightpassagestostudyYoungGoodmanBrownfromtheme.TheAwakeningandAlienationofBrown-----theAnalysisofYoungGoodmanBrown（2010）iswrittenbyHuangZhenzhen.Thispassageanalyses