专题10 疫苗和健康6篇备战高考英语阅读理解话题提分.docx

专题10 疫苗和健康6篇备战高考英语阅读理解话题提分.docx

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专题10疫苗和健康6篇备战高考英语阅读理解话题提分

2022高考英语阅读提高

疫苗和健康

1

GENEVA（Reuters）-Pregnantwomenandotherpeopleathighriskshouldbevaccinated（注射疫苗）againsttheH1N1swinefluvirusasthecoldweatherbeginstobiteinthenorthernhemisphere（半球）,theWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）saidonTuesday.

Itvoicedconcernthatsomevulnerable（弱势的）peopledon’thaveaccesstothepandemic（传染病）vaccine,whichtheWHOstressedhadnotcausedanyunusualsideeffectsinhundredsofthousandsofpeopletohavereceiveditworldwidesofar.

“Certainlythefactthatthevaccineisn’tbeingusedbythosewhowouldhaveaccesstoitandwhowouldbeinpriorityriskgroupsisofconcern,yes,”WHOspokesmanGregoryHartltoldanewsbriefing.

Atleast5,712peoplehavediedfromtheswinefluvirus,accordingtotheUnitedNationsagency.Healthworkers,pregnantwomenandpeoplewithconditionssuchasasthmaaredeemedatgreatestriskandshouldbetoppriorityforgettingtheshot.

“Wehaveseenmany,manyexamplesofpeopleinhighriskgroupssuchaspregnantwomenwhohaveveryseverediseaseoroutcomes.Theseoutcomescouldbeinalllikelihoodavoidedifoneweretogetvaccinated,”Hartlsaid.

Unlikeseasonalflu,whichismostdangeroustotheelderly,H1N1ishittingyoungeradultsandchildrenespeciallyhard.

TheWHOrecommendsasinglevaccinedoseforprotectingadultsagainstH1N1.Ithasalsourgedgovernmentstoconsidergivingasingledosetoasmanychildrenunderage10aspossible,butsaysmoreresearchisneededintochilddosages.

IntheUnitedStates,studiesshowthatchildrenundertheageof9willneedtwodosesofthevaccinetobefullyprotected,officialstheresaidonMonday.

PartsofNorthAmericaandEuropehavealreadycrossedtheepidemic（流行病）threshold（开始了）,aheadofthenormalinfluenzaseasonwhichpeaksinJanuary-Februaryforthenorthernhemisphere,WHOsays.

51.Accordingtothepassage,whatisWHOprobablymostconcernedaboutnow?

A.Whetherthevaccinehassideeffectornot.

B.HowmanypeopleareinfectedbytheH1N1swinefluvirus.

C.Whetherpregnantwomenandthoseathighriskcangetthevaccination.

D.WhatisthedifferencebetweenH1N1andseasonalflu.

52.Accordingtothepassage,whatgroupofpeoplearemorevulnerabletoH1N1swinefluvirus?

A.Theelderly.B.Ateenagerwithasthma.

C.Anadultwithheatstroke.D.Anewly-bornbaby.

53.Inparagraph4,“gettingtheshot”means____________.

A.beingshotB.beingvaccinatedC.beingcuredD.gettingkilled

54.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.PregnantwomenwillsurelygetseverediseaseifinfectedwithH1N1.

B.Seasonalfluismorelikelytohityoungeradultsandchildren.

C.onemoredoseofvaccineshouldbegiventothechildrenunder9.

D.About6000peoplehavediedfromseasonalflu.

55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Pregnantwomenneedflushot.

B.DifferencesbetweenH1N1fluandseasonalflu.

C.TheharmcausedbyH1N1swinefluvirus.

D.AbreakthroughinH1N1cure:

vaccination.

2

Exposuretoenvironmentaltobaccosmoke（ETS）-alsocalled“second-handsmoke”and“passivesmoking”containsover4000chemicals,includingover50knowncarcinogens（致癌物）andmanypoisonousthings.NosafelevelofETSexposurehasbeenproved.Noristhereanyexpectationthatfurtherresearchwillidentifysuchalevel.

Severalrecentreviewshaveconfirmedtheseriousriskstohealthandlifeassociatedwithpassivesmoking.Longtimeexposuretosecond-handsmokehasbeenprovedasacauseofmanyofthesamediseasescausedbyactivesmoking,includinglungcancer,cardiovascular（心脏血管的）disease,andchildhooddisease.

Livingwithasmokerhasbeenshowntoincreasetheriskofcoronaryheartdisease（冠心病）amongnon-smokersby25-30%（arecentstudyindicatesthatthisfiguremayactuallybehigher）.

Thereisalsogrowingevidencethatpassivesmokingiscausallylinkedtostrokeinnon-smokers,althoughfurtherresearchisneededtoestimatetherisk.

Second-handsmokeisespeciallydangerousforyoungchildrenandinfants,beingassociatedwithsuddeninfantdeath,pneumonia,bronchitis（支气管炎）,asthma（哮喘）andrespiratorysymptomsaswellasmiddleeardisease.ETSexposureinpregnantwomencancauselowerbirthweight,foetal（胎儿的）deathandpretermdelivery.

MostoftheadversehealthoutcomesbroughtaboutbyETSshowthattheriskincreasessteadilywithincreasingexposure.Thelevelofindividualriskislowercomparedtoactivesmoking.Nevertheless,thefactthatlargenumbersofpeopleareexposedresultsinasubstantialburdenofdisease.

Actiononsmoke-freeenvironmentswouldnotonlyprotectpeoplefromtheharmofETSexposurebutalsocontributetothereductionoftobaccoconsumptioninthewholepopulation.Thehealtheffectsofreducedpassiveandactivesmokingwouldincludereducedillnessanddeathfrommajordiseasetypes-inparticularlungcancer,coronaryheartdisease,andstroke-andincreasedlifeexpectancy.

51.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

_______

A.AlthoughETScontainsmanyharmfulthings,itisnotunsafe.

B.Thefactthatsecond-handsmokeissafehasbeenrecentlyfound.

C.ItisexpectedthatfurtherresearchwillbedonetotestthelevelofETS.

D.ByfarthesafelevelofETShasnotbeenfoundandwillnotinthefuture.

52.Cardiovasculardiseasecanbecausedby_______.

A.longtimepassivesmokingB.accidentalactivesmoking

B.occasionalpassivesmokingD.shorttermactivesmoking

53.Accordingtothearticle,thestatementsabouttheriskofcoronaryheartdiseasearewrongEXCEPTthat________

A.ifyousmoke,theriskofthisdiseasewillincreaseby25-30%.

B.thenon-smokersexposedtosmokewillincreasetheriskofthisdiseaseby25-30%.

C.forthesmokers,theriskofgettingthisdiseaseishigherthanthatofthenon-smokers.

D.thenon-smokersexposedtosmokewillbemoreeasilytogetthisdiseasethanthesmokers.

54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delivery”mean?

________.

A.TransferringtoanotherB.GivingbirthC.ThrowingawayD.Givingout

55.What’stheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

______

A.TointroducewhatisETS.

B.TotellthereadershowtoavoidETS.

C.TocallfortheactionagainstETS.

D.Towarnthereadersagainstsmoking.

3

Anewstudyof8,000youngpeopleinthejournalofHealthandSocialBehaviorshowsthatalthoughlovecanmakeadultslivehealthilyandhappily,itisabadthingforyoungpeople.Puppylove（早恋）maybringstressforyoungpeopleandcanleadtodepression.Thestudyshowsthatgirlsbecomemoredepressedthanboys,andyoungergirlsaretheworstofall.

Thepossiblereasonfortheconnectionbetweenloveandhigherriskofdepressionforgirlsis“lossofself”.Accordingtothestudy,eventhoughboyswouldsay“losethemselvesinaromanticrelationship”,this“lossofself”ismuchmorelikelytoleadtodepressionwhenithappenstogirls.Younggirlswhohaveromanticrelationshipsusuallylikehidingtheirfeelingsandopinions.Theywon’ttellthattotheirparents.

Dr.MarianmKaufman,anexpertonyoungpeopleproblems,says15%to20%youngpeoplewillhavedepressionduringtheirgrowing.Tryingromanceoftencausesthedepression.Sheadviseskidsnottojumpintoromancetooearly.Duringgrowingup,itisimportantforyoungpeopletobuildstrongfriendshipandastrongsenseofself.Shealsosuggeststheparentsshouldencouragetheirkidstokeepclosetotheirfriends,attendmoreinterestingschoolactivitiesandspendenoughtimewithfamily.

Parentsshouldwatchforsignsofdepression—eatingormoodchanges—andiftheyseesignsfromtheirdaughtersorsons,theyneedtogivehelp.Thegoodnewsisthattheconnectionbetweenromanceanddepressionseemstobecomeweakwithage.Lovewillalwaysmakeusfeelyoung,butonlymaturity（成熟）givesusachancetoavoiditsbadsideeffects.

41.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Puppylovemaybringyoungpeopledepression.

B.Parentsshouldforbidtheirchildren’slove.

C.Romanceisatwo-edgedswordforadults.

D.Romanceisgoodforyoungpeople.

42.Whichofthefollowingaremorelikelytohavedepression?

A.Youngpeoplewhohaveastrongsenseofself.

B.Youngboyswhoseparentswatchfortheirbehavior.

C.Younggirlswhoalwayshidetheirfeelingsandopinions.

D.Carelessparentswhosechildrenaredeepinlove.

43.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Lackinglovecanleadyoungpeopletogrowupmorequickly.

B.Earlylovemakesyoungpeoplekeepclosetotheirfriendsandparents.

C.Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrentobeawareofthesignsofdepression.

D.Theolderawomanis,thelesslikelysheseemstoloseherselfinromance.

44.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspuppylove?

A.Confused.B.Disapproving.

C.Uninterested.D.Scared.

45.Dr.MarianmKaufmandoesNOTsuggestparents’encouragingtheirkidsto______.

A.keepclosetotheirfriends

B.attendmoreinterestingactivities

C.chatmoreonline

D.spendmoretimewiththeirfamily

4

Americansocietyisnotnap-friendly.Infact,saysDavidDinges,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine,“There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.”Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteaproverb;

“Somesleepfivehours,naturerequiresseven,lazinessnineandwickednesseleven.”

Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.“Wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnapping,”saysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversity,thegodfatherofsleepresearch.

LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedan“Americanslee