浙江省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题型突破一训练.docx

浙江省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题型突破一训练.docx

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浙江省高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题型突破一训练

阅读理解题型突破

每一题型独立页面设计，可裁下上交作业，方便教师检查批阅。

每课时突破一个题型，学生先做，教师后评。

阅读理解题型突破

（一）　细节理解题（A卷）

（加彩的题目为细节理解题，本卷限时20分钟）

A

（2018·金丽衢十二校联考）FitnessbandsliketheAppleWatchandtheFitbitaimtotracksomethinglikeheartrate.

Butearlymodelsweren’tallthataccurate.Wethoughtofthemalittlebitlikerandomnumbergenerators（生成器）．Theyreallydidn’tseemtobeprovidinganythingthatboreanyrelationshiptoheartrate.

EuanAshley,acardiologist（心脏病专家）,studieswearablesatStanfordUniversity.Heandhiscolleagueshavenowtestedsevennewerfitnessbands,frombrandslikeApple,Fitbittoothersandhesaysthoseheartratestatisticshavegottenmuchbetter.“Yeahwewerepleasantlysurprisedactuallybyhowgoodtheaccuracyoftheheartratemonitoringwas.”

Formostofthedevices,theerrorratewaslessthan5%,whichisgoodenoughforyourdoctor.Butwhereallthedevicesfailedtomeasureupwasestimatingcaloriesburned.Eventhemostaccuratedeviceswereoffby30%,comparedtolabmeasurementsofenergyconsumption.Onedevicewasoffbymorethan90%.

Ifyouthinkaboutgoingtothegymandworkingoutforanhourandmaybethat’saround400calories,theninrealitythatcouldbeanythingfrom200to800.Andthat’sabigdifferenceifyou’rethinkingaboutsomebodywho’sincorporatingthoseestimatesintotheirlifestyleandparticularthinkingaboutwhattoeatthateveningbasedontheworkouttheydidthatafternoon.

TheresultsareintheJournalofPersonalizedMedicine.Thereasonforthediscrepancy,Ashleysays,couldbethatweallburnenergyatdifferentratesandthat’shardtocalculatefromsimpleinputstatisticslikeweightandheight.

Somepeopleareincrediblyefficientandlookincrediblyelegantwhentheyrun.Andothersreallyclearlylooklikethey’reburningalotmorecaloriestocoverthesameamountofground.Soifyouownawearable,it’sprobablysafetotrusttheheartdata.Butwhatitcan’ttellyouiswhetheryourtimeonthetreadmill（跑步机）reallyjustifiesthatchocolatebar.

语篇解读：

像苹果手表等大多数的智能穿戴产品对心脏的数据监测是有效的，但是，这些产品对卡路里的燃烧数据记录却不精确，误差很大，因此，我们不能完全依赖这些设备来决定我们的生活方式。

1．WhatdoesEuanAshleysayaboutthenewermodelsofwearables?

A．Theywerealluseless.

B．Theywerehardlyeffective.

C．Theyweretooexpensive.

D．Theyweremostlyaccurate.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第三段中“hesaysthoseheartratestatisticshavegottenmuchbetter.‘Yeahwewerepleasantlysurprisedactuallybyhowgoodtheaccuracyoftheheartratemonitoringwas.’”可知，他对市面上的智能穿戴产品做了研究，发现心脏监测数据跟以往相比有了提高。

从他所说的话中可以知道，大多产品的数据都很准确。

故答案选D。

2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4andParagraph5?

A．Formeasuringheartrates,mostfitnessbandsarenotreliable.

B．Formeasuringcaloriesinexercise,mostfitnessbandsarenotreliable.

C．Wecanbaseourlifestyleanddietonadvicefromdoctors.

D．Wecanbaseourlifestyleanddietondatafromwearables.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据第四段内容尤其是“Butwhereallthedevicesfailedtomeasureupwasestimatingcaloriesburned.”可知，现在的智能穿戴产品对卡路里的燃烧数据大多都是不准确的，最好的产品都有30%的偏差，有的甚至有90%的偏差，再结合第五段的内容可推知，在运动中靠智能穿戴产品来决定卡路里的摄入的生活方式是不可靠的。

故答案选B。

3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A．Toremindreaderstousefitnessbandswisely.

B．Topromotethesaleofpopularwearables.

C．Todiscusstheadvantagesofsomepopularwearables.

D．Tointroducesomefamousbrandfitnessbands.

解析：

选A　写作意图题。

根据最后一段中“Soifyouownawearable,it’sprobablysafetotrusttheheartdata.Butwhatitcan’ttellyouiswhetheryourtimeonthetreadmill（跑步机）reallyjustifiesthatchocolatebar.”可知，现在的穿戴产品对心脏的数据监测是安全有效的，但是用穿戴产品来决定你的卡路里摄入还不成熟，不能依靠这些产品来确定你的生活方式。

故答案选A。

B

（2018·台州中学统练）OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandbonewerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.

Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economiesallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland’smanyvolcanoes.

However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld’sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.

Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIneverwouldhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.

In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked，theyusedthegeothermal（地热）energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!

Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.

IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanewfoundloveinEarthsciences.

语篇解读：

作者通过讲述骑自行车遭遇严重车祸和火山爆发的例子告诉我们：

并非所有的灾难都带来负面的效果，我们应积极乐观地去面对。

4．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?

A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.

B．HewasstuckinIceland’sairport.

C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.

D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandbonewerespreadingagainst...andsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.”可知，由于另一个骑手的粗心，使“我”发生了事故，从flesh,bone可以看出当时血肉横飞的场景，作者受伤严重。

故答案选D。

5．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?

A．Economywascostgloballybytheeruption.

B．Carbondioxidewasincreasedtemporarily.

C．TheearthinIrelandwasterriblypolluted.

D．Mostoftheworld’splaneswereheldup.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第二段中“Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economiesallovertheworldweredisturbed.”可以看出，这次火山喷发造成了很大的恶果，航空业损失17亿，一千万旅客滞留数天，全球经济受到严重影响。

故答案选A。

6．WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano?

A．ItbrokeoutinIcelandonApril14thaswell.

B．Itsymbolizedtheaccidentthatchangedhislife.

C．Itencouragedhimtoknowmoreabouthimself.

D．Ittoldustomakethemostofgivensituation.

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据第五段中“Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!

Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.”作者举这个例子是要说明坏事也能变好事，我们必须从不幸中走出来，关注当前，对未来充满希望。

故答案选D。

C

（2018·宁波市上学期期末）Youknowthefeeling—youhaveleftyourphoneathomeandfeelanxious,asifyouhavelostyourconnectiontotheworld.“Nomophobia”（无手机恐惧症）affectsteenagersandadultsalike.Youcanevendoanonlinetesttoseeifyouhaveit.Lastweek,researchersfromHongKongwarnedthatnomophobiaisinfectingeveryone.Theirstudyfoundthatpeoplewhousetheirphonestostore,shareandaccesspersonalmemoriessuffermost.Whenuserswereaskedtodescribehowtheyfeltabouttheirphones,wordssuchas“hurt”（neckpainwasoftenreported）and“alone”predictedhigherlevelsofnomophobia.

“Thefindingsofourstudysuggestthatusersregardsmartphonesastheirextendedselvesandgetattachedtothedevices，”saidDr.KimKiJoon.“Peopleexperiencefeelingsofanxietyandunpleasantnesswhenseparatedfromtheirphones.”Meanwhile,anAmericanstudyshowsthatsmartphoneseparationcanleadtoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.

Socanbeingwithoutyourphonereallygiveyouseparationanxiety?

ProfessorMarkGriffiths,psychologistanddirectoroftheInternationalGamingResearchUnitatNottinghamTrentUniversity,saysitiswhatisonthephonethatcounts—thesocialnetworkingthatcreatesFomo（fearofmissingout）．

“WearetalkingaboutanInternetconnecteddevicethatallowspeopletodealwithlotsofaspectsoftheirlives，”saysGriffiths.“Youwouldhavetosurgicallyremoveaphonefromateenagerbecausetheirwholelifeisingrained_inthisdevice.”

Griffithsthinksattachmenttheory,wherewedevelopemotionaldependencyonthephonebecauseitholdsdetailsofourlives,isasmallpartofnomophobia.For“screenagers”，itisFomothatcreatesthemostseparationanxiety.Iftheycan’tseewhat’shappeningonSnapchatorInstagram,theybecomepanicstrickenaboutnotknowingwhat’sgoingonsocially.“Buttheyadaptveryquicklyifyoutakethemonholidayandthere’snoInternet，”saysGriffiths.

语篇解读：

手机没带在身边，你是不是总感觉少了点什么？

研究发现，人们对手机的依赖性越来越强，很多人都患上了“无手机恐惧症”，那么到底是什么导致这种症状发生的呢？

7．WhichofthefollowingmayDr.KimKiJoonagreewith?

A．Wewastetoomuchtimeonphones.

B．Phoneshavebecomepartofsomeusers.

C．Addictiontophonesmakesmemoriessuffer.

D．Phonesandbloodpressurearecloselylinked.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第二段中“Thefindingsofourstudysuggestthatusersregardsmartphonesastheirextendedselvesandgetattachedtothedevices”这句话可以看出Dr.KimKiJoon认为手机用户已经把手机看作是自我的延伸，是自己不可分割的一部分。

故答案选B。

8．AccordingtoGriffiths,wegetnomophobiabecause________.

A．weareaccustomedtohavingaphoneonus

B．weneedourphonestohelpusstoreinformation

C．weworrywemaymissoutwhatourfriendsaredoing

D．wefearwithoutphoneswewillrunintoalotoftrouble

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第三段“...saysitiswhatisonthephonethatcounts—thesocialnetworkingthatcreatesFomo（fearofmissingout）”可知，为什么手机不在身边会焦虑是因为现在的人都用手机（软件）来进行社交联系。

故答案选C。

9．Whichofthefollowingphraseshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“ingrainedin”inParagraph4?

A．Reliedon.　　　　　B．Opposedto.

C．Approvedof.D．Determinedby.