托福真题老师.docx

托福真题老师.docx

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托福真题老师

SectionTwo:

StructureandWrittenExpression

1.crumblesreadilywhenexposedtoamoist,acidatmosphere,butthestoneisdurableinadryatmosphere.

（A）Thesurfaceofmarbleis

（B）Thesurfaceofmarble,which

（C）Althoughthesurfaceofmarble

（D）Thesurfaceofmarble

2.Byusingtheirtrunks,elephantscantelltheshapeofanobjectandisroughorsmooth,orhotorcold.

（A）it

（B）whetherit

（C）how

（D）sinceit

3.In1989CarretHongowaschosenasforthePulitzerPrizeinpoetry.

（A）hisbeingoneofthefinalists

（B）tobeoneofthefinalists

（C）oneofthefinalists

（D）theonefinalistwho

4.TheMoonismuchclosertoEarthistheSun,andthusithadgreaterinfluenceonthetides.

（A）unlike

（B）than

（C）but

（D）where

5.Thebrainofanaverageadultisoneofthelargestorgansofthebody,aboutthreepounds.

（A）weighs

（B）isweighed

（C）weighing

（D）toweighit

6.Throughouthistorydifferentrepresentationsfornumbersandforthebasicprocessofcounting.

（A）havebeenmany

（B）therehavebeenmany

（C）many

（D）whenmany

7.Democraticgovernmentsconstantlyfacetheproblemofbalancingtheindividualwiththeneedsofsociety.

（A）therightsof

（B）totherightsfor

（C）fortherightsto

（D）withtherightsby

8.ConnecticutwasthefifthoftheoriginalthirteenstatestheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.

（A）ratified

（B）ratify

（C）toratify

（D）haveratified

9.Thechemicalcompositionofsandstoneisthesameas

（A）thatofsand

（B）thatsandis

（C）sandisthat

（D）whatofsand

10.Hydrofoilscanexceed75milesperhour,ascomparedwithconventionalwatercraft,whosemaximumspeedsapproach50milesperhour.

（A）arerarely

（B）rarely

（C）ofrarely

（D）theyrarely

11.Itwasnovelistandpoetin1968foundedJacksonStateUniversity'sInstitutefortheStudyoftheHistory,Life,andCultureofBlackPeople.

（A）MargaretWalkerdid

（B）MargaretWalker

（C）MargaretWalkerwho

（D）MargaretWalkerand

12.BeforetheEuropeansarrived,AmericanIndianswereusingvirgincopperintoornaments,knives,andotherartifacts.

（A）Whichwashammering

（B）whichhammered

（C）washammered

（D）hammered

13.InwesternNorthAmerica,formtheGreatDivide,whichseparatestheareasfromwhichwatersfloweithereastwardtotheAtlanticorwestwardtothePacific.

（A）theRockyMountains

（B）wheretheRockyMountains

（C）theRockyMountainsinwhich

（D）therearetheRockyMountains

14.Someecologistsbelievemorethan50percentofexistingspecieswillbelostinthenext100years.

（A）because

（B）that

（C）whilethereis

（D）thatthereare

15.Almostsubstancesexpandinvolumewhenheatedandcontractwhencooled.

（A）all

（B）theyall

（C）allof

（D）allare

16.Achildren'slibrarianoftenconductsstoryhoursandotheractivitiestohelpchildren

AB

enjoyherselfwhiledevelopinganinterestinreadingandthelibrary'sresources.

CD

17.Titaniumhasthestrengthofsteelbutweighshalfonlyasmuch,henceitsadvantage

ABC

foruseinaircraft.

D

18.Protectivebehaviorsofamphibiansincludehidinginthepresenceofdangerand

AB

havingcolorationsuchcloselymatchingtheenvironmentthattheanimalisnot

CD

obvious.

19.Asthehighest-paidstarofthesilentscreen,earningareputedlyincomeof$20,000

ABC

aweek,GloriaSwansonepitomizedtheglamourofHollywoodinthe1920's.

D

20.Candlesmaybemadebyrepeatedlydippingwicksintallow,bymolding,norby

AB

pouringmeltedwaxoverthewicksandrollingthemintoshape.

CD

21.Whilemodelsofautomobilesdatebackasfarasthelate1600's,the1880's

AB

seenthefirstcommercialinterestinthevehicle.

CD

22.Theconceptualofmusicalharmonyisgenerallytracedtotheninthcenturybecause

ABC

itisfirstmentionedintreatisesofthatperiod.

D

23.Palcontologistshaveexaminedfossilembryosandhatchlingsfromthreetypeof

ABC

duck-billeddinosaurstofigureouthowtheymatured.

D

24.Lightningtendstostrikethenearestgoodconductor,andhenceoftenstrikes

AB

insameplacemorethanonce.

CD

25.Whenstudydifferentculturesandsocieties,anthropologistsoftenfocusonmarriage

AB

asacontractualagreementbetweendifferentparties.

CD

26.ThefirstpilotedballoonflightacrosstheAtlanticOceantookplaceat1978.

ABCD

27.TheArtsandCraftsMovementofthelatenineteenthcenturystrovetorevitalizing

A

handicraftsandappliedartsduringaneraofincreasingmassproduction.

BCD

28.Whencannedusingpropermethods,foodsuffersnolossinvitaminsoranother

ABCD

nutritiveelements.

29.Heatexhaustioniscausingbyexcessivelossofbodyfluidsandbodysalts.

ABCD

30.Primitivehumansprobablydidnotdeliberatelycookfooduntillongaftertheyhad

AB

learnedtousefireforlightandwarm.

CD

31.ThepoorconditionofprisonersarewhatconcernedDorotheaDix,anAmerican

ABC

socialworkeranddirectorofaschoolinBoston.

D

32.Foundintheshellsoflobsters,shrimp,andcrabs,glucosamineisalsopresent

ABC

inhumancartilage,whichcoveringthebonesinjoints.

D

33.Between1871until1891,thepopulationofTorontomorethantripled,increasing

ABC

from56,000to181,000.

D

34.Inthenineteenthcentury,Montrealgrewintoanimportanttransportationand

AB

industrialcenter,aidedbyitsmanynaturalresourcesandanabundantof

CD

hydroelectricpower.

35.Intheinitialplanningfortheaters,auditoriums,butanyroomintendedprimarily

ABC

forlistening,acousticsisamajorconsideration.

D

36.Thepulsethatmaybefeltwhereveranarterypassesoverasolidstructure,suchas

ABC

aboneorcartilage.

D

37.Throughhisessays,poems,andlectures,RalphWaldoEmersonestablishedhimself

AB

asamajorthinkerofhistimeandasafigureleadingofAmericanliterature.

CD

38.The"method",whichisbothastyleofactingasystemoftrainingfortheactor,

AB

stressesinnermotivationandpsychologicaltruth.

CD

39.OnSeptember6,1996,civilrightsactivistRosaParkswasawardedthePresidential

AB

MedalofFreedom,thehighesthonortheUnitedStatesgovernmentgivestocivilian.

CD

40.Basalt,whichcomposesmostoftheoceanfloor,isadark-greyrockrichiniron

ABCD

andmagnesiumthanmostsurfacerocks.

SectionThree:

ReadingComprehension

Question1-10

ByfarthemostimportantUnitedStatesexportproductintheeighteenthand

nineteenthcenturieswascotton,favoredbytheEuropeantextileindustryoverflaxor

woolbecauseitwaseasytoprocessandsofttotiletouch.Mechanizationofspinning

Lineandweavingallowedsignificantcentralizationandexpansioninthetextileindustryduring

5thisperiod,andatthesametimethedemandforcottonincreaseddramatically.American

producerswereabletomeetthisdemandlargelybecauseoftileinventionofthecottongin

byEliWhitneyin1793.CottoncouldbegrownthroughouttheSouth,butseparatingthe

fiber---orlint--fromtheseedwasalaboriousprocess.Seaislandcottonwasrelatively

easytoprocessbyhand,becauseitsfiberswerelongandseedswereconcentratedatthe

10baseoftheflower,butitdemandedalonggrowingseason,availableonlyalongthe

nation'seasternseacoast.Short-staplecottonrequiredamuchshortergrowingseason,

buttheshortnessofthefibersandtheirmixturewithseedsmeantthataworkercould

hand-processonlyaboutonepoundperday.Whitney'sginwasahand-poweredmachine

withrevolvingdrumsandmetalteethtopullcottonfibersawayfromseeds.Usingthegin,

15aworkercouldproduceupto'50poundsoflintaday.Thelaterdevelopmentoflarger

gins,poweredbyhorses,water,orsteam,multipliedproductivityfurther.

Theinteractionofimprovedprocessingandhighdemandledtotherapidspreadof

thecultivationofcottonandtoasurgeinproduction.ItbecamethemainAmerican

export,dwarfingallothers.In1802,cottoncomposed14percentoftotalAmerican

20exportsbyvalue.Cottonhada36percentshareby1810andovera50percentshare

in1830.In1860,61percentofthevalueofAmericanexportswasrepresentedbycotton.

Incontrast,wheatandwheatflourcomposedonly6percentofthevalueofAmerican

exportsinthatyear.Clearly,cottonwaskinginthetradeoftheyoungrepublic.The

growingmarketforcottonandotherAmericanagriculturalproductsledtoan

25unprecedentedexpansionofagriculturalsettlement,mostlyintheeasternhalfofthe

UnitedStates---westoftheAppalachianMountainsandeastoftheMississippiRiver.

1.Themainpointofthepassageisthattheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturieswereatimewhen

（A）theEuropeantextileindustryincreaseditsdemandforAmericanexportproducts

（B）mechanizationofspinningandweavingdramaticallychangedthetextileindustry

（C）cottonbecameaprofitablecropbutwasstilltime-consumingtoprocess

（D）cottonbecamethemostimportantAmericanexportproduct

2.Theword"favored"inline2isclosestinmeaningto

（A）preferred

（B）recommended

（C）imported

（D）included

3.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageasreasonsfortheincreaseddemandfor

cottonEXCEPT

（A）cotton'ssoftness

（B）cotton'seaseofprocessing

（C）ashortageofflaxandwool

（D）thegrowththatoccurredinthetextileindustry.

4.Theword"laborious"inline8isclosestinmeaningto

（A）unfamiliar

（B）primitive

（C）skilled

（D）difficult

5.Accordingtothepassage,oneadvantageofseaislandcottonwasits

（A）abundanceofseeds

（B）longfibers

（C）longgrowingseason

（D）adaptabilitytodifferentclimates

6.Whicho