初高中英语语法衔接专题11.docx
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初高中英语语法衔接专题11
Unit1词汇与语法
一.语境记单词
Teenage lifeisfullof adventures and challenges. Some teenagers liketodovolunteer work.andothers prefer extra-curricularmovements suchas organizingdebates,studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaningup the greenhouses.
Butmorepeople signupfor advanced courses suitablefor theirtaste. Actually,someteenagersfeel confused intheiryouth,andtheir behaviours aresometimes confusing.Theyfeelthereisa generationgapbetweenthemselvesand adults, so experts aretryingtofinda suitablesolution.
Johnsonisa freshman. He is so attractedto Chinese literature thathehas quit hisstudiesin Chicago andcometoChina. Obviously,withthehelpofhisteacher,hisChinesehasimprovedgreatlyandhecanspeak fluent Chinesenow.Accordingtothe schedule,hewill graduate nextyear.Heis focusingon ancientChinese literature and is addictedto Tangpoetry.The topic or title ofhisresearch content is“thedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternliterature”.An editor responsiblefor theresearchhas recommendedsomeclassicalChinese literature tohim.
二.重点词汇解析
1.debaten.辩论;争论 vt.&vi.辩论;争论
(1)debate(withsb.)about/on/oversth.(与某人)辩论/讨论某事
(2)underdebate在讨论中;在辩论中
①Afteryearsofheateddebate,_graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.
经过多年的激烈辩论,灰狼重新回到黄石国家公园。
②Wedebated_with_them_onthequestiontilllateintothenight.
我们就这个问题和他们辩论到深夜。
③AsfarasIknow,theproposalisstillunder_debate.
据我所知,这一提议还在讨论中。
④Thewholeclasswilldebatewhetherthemobilephonesshouldbebannedatschool.
整个班级将讨论是否应该禁止在学校使用手机。
单句语法填空
①Thetwosidesdebated________eachother________thequestionoftheoriginoftheuniverse.
②Thequestionofbuildingathirdairportisstill________debate.
③We'redebatingwhetherornot________(go)skiingthiswinter.
2.preferv.较喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)(教材P12)
(1)prefertodo/doing...更喜欢做……
prefersb.todo...更喜欢让某人做……
prefersth./doing...tosth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……
(2)preferencen.偏爱;优先权;偏爱的事物
haveapreferencefor...偏爱……
①NexttimeIprefer_to_stayathomeandstudy!
下次我更喜欢待在家里学习!
②Nowadaysmanychildrenprefer_surfingtheInternetathometo_takingexerciseoutdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网,也不愿意到户外进行锻炼。
③Ateachershouldnothave_a_preference_foranyoneofhispupils.
教师不应偏爱任何一个学生。
(1)单句语法填空
①Iprefertalkshows________movies.
②Sheisverytraditional;sheprefers________(dress)formallytowearingsportsclothes.
③Ithinkthat'snothowyouprefer________(do)things.
(2)单句写作
我们要的是质量而不是数量。
We________quality________quantity.
3.challengen.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向……挑战
(1)challengesb.todosth.激励某人做某事
challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事
(2)faceachallenge面临挑战
meet/takeupachallenge迎接挑战
(3)challengingadj.挑战性的
①It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,_orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.
更可能的是,我们中的任何一个人都没有开始一次谈话,因为这很尴尬和具有挑战性,或者我们认为这是烦人和不必要的。
②Mikechallengedmeto(play)anothertennisgame.
迈克向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。
③Hisnewfindingschallenged_him_to_rethinktheskillshewasusing.
他的新发现激励他重新思考他所使用的技巧。
④Marynowfaces_the_biggest_challengeofhercareer.
玛丽现在正面临她事业上最大的挑战。
(1)单句语法填空
①Althoughthegamewas________(challenge),hechallengedhimself________itwithouthesitation.
②Itisa________(challenge)jobformetocurechildrenoftheirbadhabits.
(2)单句写作
①Creatinganatmosphereinwhichemployeesfeelpartofateam________________(是一个巨大的挑战).
②Theeconomyofthiscountry______________(正面临着另一个挑战).
4.confusevt.使糊涂;使迷惑;混淆
(1)confuseAwith/andB将A和B混淆
(2)confusingadj.难以理解的;不清楚的
confusedadj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混乱的,难懂的
be/getconfused被弄糊涂
(3)confusionn.混乱;困惑
confusionabout/over/asto关于……的困惑,不确定
inconfusion困窘;尴尬
①Confused,_Isimplybasedmydecisionontheratings.
我很困惑,我只是根据评分来决定。
②Theinstructionsontheboxareveryconfusing.
盒子上的使用说明令人费解。
③Hiswritingissoconfusedthatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.
他的作文如此难懂,以至于很难弄清楚他到底想表达什么。
④Ican'tseehowanyonecouldconfuse_you_withanotherperson!
我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混!
(1)单句语法填空
①IalwaysconfuseJohn________hisbrother;theyaresomuchalike.
②Iwouldoftenget________(confuse)whenIcameacrossnewwordswithasimilarspelling.
③Therewasa________lookonhisfacewhenhemetwitha________problem.(confuse)
(2)单句写作
①对此再解释一下很重要,否则我们会使学生困惑。
Itisimportanttoexplainthisagainorwe__________________________.
②我们究竟是赢是输,情况不太清楚。
Therewassome________________whetherwehadwonorlost.
③他困窘地看着我,没有回答问题。
Helookedatme________________anddidn'tanswerthequestion.
5.fluentadj.(尤指外语)流利的;熟练的
(1)befluentin...讲一口流利的……
(2)fluentlyadv.流利地;熟练地
①IcanspeakfluentMandarinandCantoneseaswellassomeEnglish.
我能说流利的普通话和广东话,也能说一些英语。
②Shewas_fluent_inGerman,FrenchandEnglish.
她的德语、法语和英语都很流利。
③Tomysurprise,hespokeArabicfluently.
让我惊讶的是,他的阿拉伯语说得很流利。
一句多译
他的西班牙语很流利。
①Heis____________Spanish.
②Heisa______________ofSpanish.
③He________Spanish________.
6.graduatevi.&vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生
(1)graduatefrom从……毕业
graduatein毕业于(……专业)
(2)graduationn.毕业
aftergraduationfrom...从……毕业之后
①MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthisjobwasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.
莫里斯·阿什利是个善良聪明的人,以前是从这里毕业的,现在又回来教书了,这份工作对他来说不是游戏,而是一种责任。
②Hegraduated_fromYorkwithadegreeinPsychology.
他毕业于约克大学,获心理学学士学位。
③Onlythirtystudentsgraduated_inChineselastyear.
去年只有三十名学生获得汉语学士学位。
④Afterhegraduatedfromhighschool,Herriotmadeuphismindtobeavet,especiallyfordogs.
=Afterhisgraduation_fromhighschool,Herriotmadeuphismindtobeavet,especiallyfordogs.
高中毕业后,赫里奥特决定做一名兽医,尤其是为狗治病。
单句语法填空
①Asanew________(graduation),hedoesn'tknowwhatittakestostartabusinesshere.
②Whentheboysgraduated________highschool,AnnmovedtoasmalltowninVermont.
③Afterhis________(graduate)fromcollege,hecametoBeijing,beganworkingandstartedanewlife.
7.recommendvt.推荐;建议;介绍;劝告
(1)recommenddoingsth.建议做某事
recommendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事
recommendsth.tosb.把某物推荐给某人
recommendsb.as...推荐某人为……
recommend+that...建议……[从句中的谓语动词用(should+)动词原形]
(2)recommendationn.推荐;介绍信
①Herecommends_wearingsafetyequipmentwhileinspectingtheconstructionsite.
他建议视察建筑工地时要佩戴安全装备。
②Irecommend_you_thatyou(should)thinkverycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.
=Irecommend_you_to_thinkverycarefullybeforeyoudoanythingfoolish.
我建议你三思,以防做出任何蠢事。
③Herecommended_me_asmonitorinourclass.
他推荐我做我们班的班长。
(1)单句语法填空
①We'drecommendyou________(book)yourflightearly.
②Westronglyrecommend________(report)theincidenttothepolice.
③Irecommend(that)he________(see)alawyer.
(2)一句多译
我建议他买这本书。
①Irecommend________________thebook.
②Irecommend________________thebook.
③Irecommendthat________________thebook.
8.advancen.进步,进展 v.前进;促进;提前 adj.提前的,预先的
(1)makeanadvance/advancesin在某方面有进步/发展
(2)inadvance(=aheadoftime)提前
inadvanceof比……进步;在……之前
(3)advancedadj.高级的;进步的;先进的
①Thiswillfurtheradvancethefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.
这将进一步促进两国的友好关系。
②Wehave_made_great_advances_indevelopingourship-buildingindustry.
我们在发展造船工业方面有了很大的进步。
③Iwouldliketowarnyouin_advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.
我想提前提醒你,如果你在这里吸烟,你就会被罚款。
④Ifyouaren'tnervousaboutthecomingexam,youaresuretobefarin_advance_ofyourclass.
如果你对即将到来的考试不紧张,你一定会在班上遥遥领先的。
⑤Havingshownyouaroundourschool,Iwillintroduceourmostadvancedsciencelabtoyou.
领着您参观我们学校后,我将向您介绍我校最先进的科学实验室。
语段填空
决心去国外学习这项先进的技术,他已做了提前的准备,并提前申请了护照。
他相信他会在这一领域取得巨大进步并且遥遥领先于他的同学。
Determinedtolearnthe①________technologyabroad,hehasmade②________preparationsandappliedforapassport③____________.Hebelieveshewill④______________________thisfieldandbefar⑤______________hisclassmates.
9.obviouslyadv.明显地,显而易见地
obviousadj.明显的,显而易见的
beobvioustosb.对某人来说显而易见
Itisobvious(tosb.)that...(对某人来说)……很明显
①Obviously,_he'sfalleninlovewiththegirl.
显而易见,他爱上了这个女孩。
②Thedisadvantagesare_obvious_tous.
这些不利条件对我们而言是显而易见的。
③It_was_quite_obvious_to_her_thatshewasnotoptimisticaboutherfuture.
很显然她对她的前途不乐观。
(1)单句语法填空
①Itisobvious________usthatheisnotresponsibleforthismistake.
②Dietandexerciseare________(obvious)importantifyouwanttoloseweight.
(2)单句写作
老的方法显然不能满足新的要求。
______________thattheoldmethodcannotmeetnewrequirements.
10.I'llfindawaytoimproveonmyownso_thatIcanmaketheteamnextyear.
我会努力提高自己的足球水平,这样明年我就可以加入球队了。
sothat这样,因此;为了,以便
(1)结果(引导结果状语从句)
(2)以便于(引导目的状语从句),相当于inorderthat,此时从句中常含有情态动词can,could,may等。
①Weplantedmanyflowers,so_thatthegardensoonlookedbeautiful.
我们种了很多花,因此花园很快就看起来很漂亮。
②Iworkedveryhardso_thatIcouldpasstheexams.
我学习很用功,以便能考试及格。
句型转换
①LiuHairansofastthathewasthewinneroftheboy's1000-metrerace.
→LiuHairanveryfast,________hewasthewinneroftheboy's1000-metrerace.
②Theytalkedinlowvoiceinorderthatotherswouldnotbeaffected.
→Theytalkedinlowvoice________otherswouldnotbeaffected.
11.responsibleadj.有责任的,应负责任的(教材P14)
(1)beresponsiblefor应对……负责,对……有责任
beresponsibletosb.对某人负责
(2)responsibilityn.责任,责任心
takeresponsibilityfor承担对……的责任,为……负责
asenseofresponsibility责任感
haveresponsibilityfor对……有责任,对……负责
①He'saveryresponsiblesortofperson.
他是个非常有责任心的人。
②Iam_responsible_forthematter.Noneofothers'business.
这件事由我负责,跟旁人不相干。
③Thegovernmentwill_be_responsible_tothePresidentalone.
政府只对总统一人负责。
④Weneedtotake_responsibility_forourownhealth.
我们必须对自己的健康负责。
⑤TheActprovidesthatonlytheparentsofachildhave_responsibility_forthechild'sfinancialsupport.
法令规定只有孩子的父母才有责任为孩子提供经济支持。
(1)单句