毕业设计外文翻译.docx

毕业设计外文翻译.docx

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毕业设计外文翻译

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题目钻铣床工作台及变速箱结构设计

学院机械工程学院

专业机械工程及自动化

班级xxxx

学生xxxxx

学号xxxx

指导教师xxx

xx年x月x日

Unitedstatespatent,1997,36（7）:

US005611137A

MACHINETOOL，MOREPARTICULARLYFORDRILLINGANDMILLING

AssistantExaminer-ChristopherKirkman

YaleUniversity

Abstractmachinetoolmoreparticularlyfordrillingandmilling,possessesamachinebed,onwhichapowerdrivenslideisadaptedtorunhorizontallyonrails.Amachiningheadhavingarotarydrivedeviceforatleastonetableformingpartofsaidhead,ispowermovedonthelongitudinalslideinatleastonefurtherdirectionofmovement.Themachinebedpossessestwospacedlateralwalls,whoseintermediatespaceisdesignedtoserveasamachinezoneforreceivingatleastoneworkholdingmeans.onthetwolateralwallstwoparallelguiderailsarearrangedforthelongitudinalslide,athirdguiderailbeingarrangedwithanoffsetinthelongitudinaldirectionbetweenthetwootherguiderails.Thelongitudinalslideisguidedusingthreeguideelementsonthethreeguiderails,thepowerdrivebeingatoradjacenttothecentralguiderail.Onthisarrangementaclampingyokeofrelativelylightdesignmaybeemployed,whichonlyrequiresonecentraldrive.Transverseforcescausedbytwistinginthecaseofeccentricloadingactperpendicularlyontheguideelements,whicharebetterabletowithstandtheforces.

Keywordholedrilling,milling,rail,funneltransmissionsystem.

1BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTION

Theinventionrelatestoamachinetoolmoreparticularlyfordrillingandmilling,comprisingamachinebed,guiderailsmountedonsaidbed,apowerdrivenlongitudinalslideadaptedtorunhorizontallyonsaidrailsonsaidbed,amachininghead,andarotaiydrivedeviceformingpartofsaidheadforatleastonetool,saidheadbeingadaptedtobepowermovedonthelongitudinalslideinatleastonefurtherdirectionofmovement.

2THEPRIORART

AmachinetoolofthistypedesignedintheformofamillingmachineisdisclosedintheGermanpatentpublic4,203,994C.Inthecaseofthiswidelyemployedtypeofmillingmachinetheslidemovesinthelongitudinal20directionandthemachiningheadisarrangedontheslideforverticalmotion.Movementinthetransversedirectionisperformedusingasuitablydrivenworktable.Complexmeasuresmustbetakentoprotectthedriveofsuchtableinthebottompartofthemachineagainstmaterialsuchas25shavingsandradical

lubricantduringoperation.Inthecaseofamajorlateraldeflectionoftheworktablethereisthedangerofdeformation，albeitonlyslight,owingtothemassofthemachineandoftheworkandowingtoforcesactingbywayofthetoolsothatinpracticetheworktabledoesnotmove30alongalinearpathbutalongacircularpathwitharadiusofseveralkilometersinordertocompensatefordeformationinordertobeabletoabsorbit.

So-calledgantrymillingmachinesareknownaswell,inthecaseofwhichthelongitudinalslidebearingthemachineheadrunsontwoparallelrails,whichfortheirpartarearrangedonthetopsideoftwolateralwallsofthemachine’sbed.Inthiscasethelongitudinalslideisbornebyfourguideelementsonthetwoguiderails.Furthermorefor5axismachiningeitherthemachiningheadmustbecomplexindesignsothatitcanbepivoted,ortheworktable,whichisborneononebottomwallofthemachine’sbed，mustbedesignedtopivotwiththeresultthatthereisadangeroflubricantandcoolantfindingitswayintothedriveoftheworktableunlesscomplex.

3SHORTSUMMARYOFTHEINVENTION

Oneobjectoftheinventionistocreateamachinetoolmoreparticularlyfordrillingandmillingofthetypeinitiallymentioned,inthecaseofwhich,inamannersimilartoagantryconstruction,alldriveelements,guidesandbearingsarearrangedabovethedirt,coolantandlubricantzone,butinwhichhoweverthelongitudinalslidemakesdowitha55simplerandlessexpensivedrivedevicewhilemaintainingthesameoranevenhigherdegreeofmachine.

Inordertoachievetheseand/orotherobjectsappearingfromthepresentspecification,claimsanddrawings,inthepresentinventionthemachinebedpossessestwospacedlateralwallsdefininganintermediatespacebetweenthem,whichisdesignedintheformofamachiningzoneadaptedtoaccommodateatleastoneworkholdingmeans,onthetwolateralwallstwoparallelguiderailsforthelongitudinalslidearearranged,aguiderailisarrangedwhichishalfwaybetweenthetwootherguiderailswithanoffsetinthelongitudinaldirection,andthelongitudinalslidesguidedusingthreeguideelementsonthethreeguiderails,thepowerdrivebeingatoradjacenttothecentralguiderail.

MACHINETO

Firstlythemachinetoolinaccordancewiththeinventionpossessesalltheadvantagesofa“gantry”construction.All5themainworkingmovementsareperformedbythetool,whereastheworktobemachinedrestsonthemachine’sbed.Accordinglythemassmovedisconstantandthemachinetoolmayreadilybeboundinplaceatapalettestation,thetoolchangerattachedinpositionbeingsimple.Owingtothestationaryarrangementoftheworktobemachinedinthemachinebed,thatistosaybetweenthetwolateralwalls,alldriveelements,guideelementsandbearingsareabovethework,thatistosayoutsidethedirtarea,intowhichshavings,lubricantandcoolantdescend.Owingtothearrangementabovethemachinebedalldriveelementscanbereadilyreachedforservicingandsubstitution.Thepathsofforcetransmissionbetweenthetoolandtheworkareshortandleadtoahighdegreeofrigidityofthemachine.Inthisrespectacompactmannerofconstructionisproduced,thatistosaytheoveralldimensionsaresmallforthelargesizeofmachiningcutpossiblewiththemachinetool.Themachinecomprisesbutafewcomponentsandcanbecladinsimplemanner.Owingtothetriplepointsupportforthelong\slidedesignedintheformofagrippingyokethedesignislighterinweightandonlyasinglecentraldriveatoradjacenttothecentralguiderailisrequired,somethingleadingtoasignificantxeductionincostsincomparisonwithknownarrangements.Sincethedriveactsdirectlyonthecentralguideelement,itisdirectlyonthedisplacementmeasuringsystem,somethingleadingtoprecisemachining.Theresultingforces,whichareproducedbyskewrunninginthecaseofeccentricloadingofthelongitudinalslide,actperpendicularlyontheguideelementwiththeresultthattheforceswhichoccurmaybebettertakenup.Thisaswellis35somethingconduciveofanincreaseinmachiningprecision.

Themeasuresdefinedintheclaimsrelatetoadvantageousfurtherdevelopmentsandimprovementsinthenovelmachinetoolasindicatedabove.

AllthreeguideTailsarepreferablyarrangedinthesamehorizontalplaneand,afterproductionoftheblankofthemachinebed,mayhencebegroundbyalargermachinetoolafterattachmentinit.

Thecentralguiderailisatleastpartiallyonatransversewallconnectingthetwolateralwallsatterminalpartsthereof,suchtransversewallcontributingtoanincreaseinthestructuralrigidityofthemachine’sbed.Inthiscasethetransversewallwillpreferablypossessacentralspuronitssideoppositetothemachiningzoneinthelongitudinaldirectionofthemachinebed,suchspurservingasasupportforthecentralguiderailandpartiallytakinguptheweightofthelongitudinalslide.

Forexactlyfixingandaligningaworktableonthelateralwallsthemachiningzonehassupportsurfacesforthetable.Thesupportsurfacesareinthisrespectdesignedintheformofsurfacesmachinedbythemachiningheadandwhichaccordinglylieinaplanewhichisexactlyparalleltothe60planeofmotionofthelongitudinalslide.Thefixingoftheworktableisinthiscaseperformedataparticularlyrigidpartofthemachinebed.

Atitslowermostterminalpartthemachiningzonepossanejectionopeningforshavingsandlubricant,which65fallundergravityautomaticallythroughtheejectionopen.

Underneaththeejectionopeningthereispreferablyareceivingcontainerand/oraremovaldevice,atleastfortheshavings.

Inordertopermitandensuremotionofthemachiningheador,respectively,ofthetoolarrangedthereoninallthree5possibledirectionsthereof,themachiningheadisarrangedsothatitcanbepowermovedverticallyonatransverseslide,whichtransverseslideismovedbypoweronthelongitudinalslideinthetransversedirection.

Owingtothecomplexandcompactformofthemachine10bedconstitutingamachinebase,thesamecanconsistofacastmineralmaterial,moreparticularlypolymerconcrete.Accordinglythereisontheonehandahighdegreeofstructuralrigidityandontheotherhandareductionincosts,exactdimensionsonremovalfromthe15moldandadvantagesasregardsmachining.

Inanadvantageousdesignthelateralwallscanbeemployedadditionallyascarriersforworkholdingmeans,suchaspivotingtables,afasteningpointforatleastoneworkholdingmeansbeingprovidedateachofthetwolateralwalls,thetwofasteningpointsbeingalignedinahorizontallineathwartthelongitudinaldirectionoftheguiderail.Thefasteningpointsareinthiscasepreferablythroughopeningswithacircularofpolygonalform.SuchreceivingrecessesmayforexamplebeprecisionmachinedtogetherwiththeguiderailsoncethemachinebedhasbeenclampedinplacesothatsamepossessanexactmutualalignmentSuchworkholdingmeansmaybesupportedsothattheymaybeturnedbypowerormanuallyandforinstancemachiningofasurfaceinclinedabouttwoaxesispossible.Inthiscasetheforcesoccurringduringm