高三英语上学期第一次月考试题19.docx
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高三英语上学期第一次月考试题19
甘肃省通渭县马营中学2017届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题,
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“Thewholeshowisdreadful,”shecriedcomingoutofthemenagerie(动物展览馆)ofM.Martin.Shehadjustbeenlookingatthatdaringspeculator“workingwithhishyena,”—tospeakinthestyleoftheprogramme.
“Bywhatmeans,”shecontinued,“canhehavetamedtheseanimalstosuchapointastobecertainoftheiraffectionfor—”
“Whatseemstoyouaproblem,”saidI,interrupting,“isreallyquitenatural.”
“Oh!
”shecried,lettinganincreduloussmilewanderoverherlips.
“Youthinkthatbeastsarewhollywithoutpassions?
”Iaskedher.
“Quitethereverse;wecancommunicatetothemallthevicesarisinginourownstateofcivilization.”
Shelookedatmewithanairofastonishment.
“But,”Icontinued,“thefirsttimeIsawM.Martin,Iadmit,likeyou,Ididgiveventtoanexclamationofsurprise.Ifoundmyselfnexttoanoldsoldierwiththerightlegamputated,whohadcomeinwithme.Hisfacehadstruckme.Hewaswithoutdoubtoneofthosetrooperswhoaresurprisedatnothing,whofindmatterforlaughterinthecontortionsofadyingcomrade,whoburyorplunderhimquitelight-heartedly,whostandintrepidly(无畏地)inthewayofbullets;—infact,oneofthosemenwhowastenotimeindeliberation,and
wouldnothesitatetomakefriendswiththedevilhimself.Afterlookingveryattentivelyattheproprietorofthemenageriegettingoutofhisbox,mycompanionpurseduphislipswithanairofmockeryandcontempt,withthatpeculiarandexpressivetwistwhichsuperiorpeopleassumetoshowtheyarenottakenin.Then,whenIwasexpatiatingon(谈论)thecourageofM.Martin,hesmiled,shookhisheadknowingly,andsaid,‘Wellknown.’
21.Whichonehasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedword“vice(s)”onthesixthparagraph?
A.Youknowmebetterthanothers,viceversa.
B.Lewdnessistheworstofallvices.
C.Hedidn’ttellthecauseandeffectrelationshiptothevicepremier.
D.Sheheldhermoneyasfirmlyasanironvicecouldhaveheldher.
22.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutM.Martin?
A.Hewasanoldmanwithoneleg.
B.Heneverliedtoothers.
C.Hewastheproprietorofthemenagerie.
D.Hewasactuallyafraidofhishyena.
23.Whydoestheauthorstartthearticlewithaunidentifiedwoman?
A.Becausesheistheleadingcharacterinthisarticle.
B.Tocatchthereaders’attention.
C.Todrawforththefollowingcontext.
D.Becausethereisnopointinintroducingher.
24.Whofinallysaid“Wellknown”?
A.“She”B.TheoldsoldierC.M.MartinD.Thedaringspeculator
B
ThemysterioushumanancestorcalledHomonaledi(纳莱迪人)wasprimedforsuccessinaprehistorictriathlon,newresearchshows—ifthechallengeswerewalkingupright,climbingtrees,andhandilywieldingtools.
BasedonfossilsretrievedfromSouthAfrica’sRisingStarcave,twoteamsreconstructedthelocomotorhabits(运动习惯)ofHomonaledi,reportedTuesdayinNatureCommunications.WithfundingfromNationalGeographic,onetookacloselookat107footbones,theotherat26bonesfromanearlycompleterighthand.
Inmostrespects,theH.naledifootlookssurprisinglylikeamodernhuman’s.Itsanklejoint,parallelbigtoeandwideheelbonebelongtoastridingbiped(两足动物),acreaturefullyadaptedtoefficientlywalkinguprightontwolegs.Butitslowerarchandcurvedtoebonesaremoreape-lik
e.
Thehand,withitscurvedfingers,indicatesthatH.nalediwerestrongclimbers—andyetthelong,strongthumbandshock-absorbingwristcouldalsohavebeencapableofmanipulatingtools(thoughnotoolshavebeenfoundyet).
It’samixoffeaturesscientistshadn'tseenclearlyyetinthegenusHomo,towhichmodernhumansbelong,particularlywhenitcomestoH.naledi’spronouncedarborealproclivities.
“H.naledihadauniqueformoflocomotionforamemberofthegenusHomo,”saysstudyauthorWilliamHarcourt-SmithofCUNY’sLehmanCollege.
25.HowdopeoplelearnaboutHomonaledi?
A.Bystudyonfossils
B.Bymeditation
C.Bylocomotorhabits
D.Bydatabase
26.WhichsentenceisRIGHTaccordingtothepassage?
A.Scientistshaveenoughevidencetomakesuret
hatHomonaledicouldmaketools.
B.Homonaledihadauniqueformoflocomotionsotheydon’tbelongtogenusHomo
C.SomefeaturesofHomonaledicanshowthattheyarethoroghlymodernhuman.
D.ThereexistsomedifferencesbetweenHomonalediandmodernhuman.
27.WhatistheroleofNationalGeographic?
A.Thesponsor
B.Thescholar
C.Thescientist
D.Thedetector
28.WhichpicturecantrulyshowthefootofHomonaledi?
A.
B.
C.
D.
C
EnghelabSquareliesattheheartofTehran’surbanandrevolutionarylandscape,justmetersawayfromthegatesofTehranUniversity.Thesiteofsomeofthemostpitchedbattles(激战)ofthe1979revolution,thesquaretodaybustlesasanopen-airmarketofgoods.There,amongthebooksellersandfruitvendors,visitorscanbuybootlegDVDs,bannedbooks,drugsandalcoholand,ifneedbe,anentiremaster’sthesis—writtenfromscratchandpreparedfororaldefense,inlessthanamonth.
Theillicit(非法的)buyingandsellingofadvanceddegreesisthelogical,ifunhappy,consequenceofthecommodificationofeducationinpost-revolutionaryIran.FueledbyaninsatiablemaniaforcredentialsbyemployersandordinaryIraniansalike,studentswhopayotherstowritetheirresearcharenotunliketheirpeerswhopurchasetheirdegreesininstallmentsfromprivateandpublicuniversities.Theydosoinordertosurviveinthecountry’scutthroatlaborandmarriagemarketswherepossessionofacredentialisthe
principlecriterionofsuccess.
Moreinterestedin“gettingthepaper”thanbearingwitnesstopoliticalIslam,ordinaryIranianshaveappropriatedtheuniversitysystemforthemselves,transforminganideologicalapparatusdesignedtoproduceIslamiccitizensintoatransactionalrelationshipbetweenthepedagogicalstateanditspopulation.
AlthoughIran’s4.5millionuniversitystudentscompriseonly5percentofthecountry’soverallpopulation,grossenrollmentrates(毛入学率)showthatmorethanhalfofpeopleages18to24areenrolledinsomeformofhighereducation,wellonpacetoreachtheofficialgoalof60percentby2025.Ofthese,around85percentwillpayout-of-pocketfortheireducation,whetherenrollinginnightschool,participatinginIran’sopenuniversitysystem
(Payam-eNoor)orattendingoneofthenearly400localcampusesofIslamicAzadUniversity,billedasoneofworld’slargestuniversitysystemswithareported$200billioninassets.Alltold,Iranianparentsannuallyspendmorethan$3billiontoputtheirchildren’sthroughcollege.
29.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“fromscratch”?
A.Fromthebeginning
B.Rightaway
C.Allyearround
D.Casually
30.Whydostudentspayotherstowritetheirresearch?
A.Theydon’twanttopaybyinstallment
B.Todestroythemarriagesystem
C.Tomakealivinginhardenvironment
D.Toshowuptheircredentials
31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Theofficialgoalisoutofthequestion
B.Parentspaymuchattentiontotheirchildren’seducation
C.Grossenrollmentratesshowthatgovernmentdidn’tdoanyhelp
D.Iranhasapopulationofabout4.5
5billion.
D
Whenyouareabeginninggardener,alotofwhatyoulearnisbytrialanderror.Andwhenyouhavebeengardeningformanyyears,theexactsamethingistrue.
First,let’sconsidertrials(asinevaluations,notordeals).Atanagriculturalresearchcenterorexperimentstation,trialsarewhattheydo.Anumberofvarietiesareplantedandtheirperformanceisobservedandrecorded.Thesameplantmightbegrownunderdifferentconditionsandtheresultscompared,usingcriteriasuchasyield,heattoleranceandtaste.Withtaste,resultsaresubjective,somultipletestersareemployed.There’salsoanelementofchance.Hardsciencesoftensabitwhenyou’redealingwithfactorssuchasweather,andeveninrigorousacademictrials,youmightfindaninconvenienthailstormorlongrainyspellnotedasskewingcertainresults.
Iliketothinkofourfarmandhomegardenasourownexperimentstation.We’realwaystryingnewvarietiestoseewhetheracertainspinach(菠菜)isslowertobolt,orwhetheronepastetomatomakesarichersaucethananotherwe’vebeengrowing.Sometimeswe’lldoatrialbysowinganumberofvarietiesofonecrop.ItwasbygrowingsixkindsofSwisschardthatwefoundArgentatatobethehardiestforcoldweather.
Thesamegoesforourpractices.Ifyouplantcabbagesclosertogether,willtheheadsbeofamoreconvenientsize?
Yes.Doestillingbarkmulchintothe
soilimproveplantgrowth?
Definitelynot;nothinggrew.
Trydesigningacontrolledexperimentinwhichyoudosomethingtwoways.Wanttoknowwhetheraeratingthesoilbetweencropswithabroadfork(ordiggingfork)isworthdoing?
Loosenthesoilinhalfofthebed,thensowacropinthewholebedandcomparetheresults.
32.Whatshouldweobserveduringthetrials?
A.Multipletesters
B.Coldintolerance
C.Varieties
D.Performance
33.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablywanttotellus?
A.Theimportanceofthetrials
B.Howtodoatrial
C.Whywedotrials
D.Howtobecomeagardener
34.Whatwilltheparagraphfollowingthispassagemostprobablydiscuss?
A.Howtocomparetheresults
B.Howtohandletheerrorpart
C.Theexperiencesaboutplanting
D.Howtohandleemergenciesingarden
35.What
canwelearnabouttheauthorofthepassage?
A.Healways
dotrialshimself
B.Heisnotaqualifiedgardener
C.Hehasbeengardeningformanyyea