SystemTestingTestIEN2.docx
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SystemTestingTestIEN2
DepartmentofInformationTechnology
QualityAssuranceandSystemTesting
ICAITT083B–Developandconductclientacceptancetesting
ICAITT084A–Performstressandloadingtestofanintegratedplatform
ICAITB212A–Implementqualityassuranceprocessforwebsites
PreparedbyStevenDimos
TABLEOFCONTENTS
Topic1:
Developcriteria
∙Developstandardsforthedocumentation,whichwillincludeperformancemeasures,structuralquality,contentaccuracyandconsistency
-Whatissystemtesting?
5
-Programdevelopment6
-TestingProcess7
-WhatisQualityAssurance?
8
∙Adoptqualityassurancewithdocumentation
-TestingTemplates9
Topic2:
Preparethetestenvironment
∙Identifyacceptancecriteriaanddevelopatestplan
-Testing12
-Typesoftesting12
-Example12
-Exercise14
-Levelsoftesting14
-Othertests15
-Whiteboxandblackboxtesting15
ØWhiteBoxTesting15
ØBlackBoxTesting15
-Pseudocode17
-StructuredProgramming17
-ControlStructures18
ØTheIfstatement18
ØTheIf-Elsestatement19
ØTheWhileloop19
ØTheDoWhileloop20
ØTheForloop22
-Algorithms23
-Deskcheckingusingatracetable23
-Exercises25
Topic3:
Diagnoseandevaluatetestresults
∙Developandapplycontinuousimprovementprocesses
-Whatiscontinuousimprovement?
26
-Qualityassurance26
-Qualityassurancestandards27
-Qualitymanagementstandards27
-TheISO9000seriesofQAstandards28
-HowtoimplementaQAsystem28
-Testcompliancematrix29
∙Developandundertakefunctionaltestonsoftware
-Teststrategy30
-Testdata31
-Thetestingprocess32
-Testcases31
-Testplan32
-Planningandpreparingfortesting33
ØPurpose33
ØObjective33
-Designtestingapproach34
-Planningthetest35
ØRoles36
-Testingphases36
ØPurpose36
ØObjectives36
ØActivities36
-Theplan37
∙Tracktheperformanceagainstbenchmark
-Cohesion38
-Typesofcohesion39
-Coupling41
-Typesofcoupling41
-Example42
∙Identifydiscrepanciesinresultsandresolvefaults
-Testinganddebugging43
-Whatistestingandwhatisdebugging43
-Whentotest?
43
-Typesoferrors44
-Whotests?
44
-Principlesoftesting45
-Theprogrammingprocess46
-Example46
-Exercise–PlantsAreUs49
∙Documentingthetestingprocess
-Systemtesting50
-Programtesting50
-SoftwareApplicationTesting52
-Sevendifferenttypesoftesting52
ØDriversandstubs53
-Walkthrough54
Topic4:
Signoffsystemtesting
∙Confirmsystemtestingwiththeclient
-Useracceptancereview57
-Whatisacceptancetesting?
57
-Documentation58
∙AppendixA:
ExampleofaTestPlan60
∙AppendixB:
SolutiontotheExercises（onpage25）65
DEVELOPCRITERIA
Topic1:
Developcriteria
∙Developstandardsforthedocumentation,whichwillincludeperformancemeasures,structuralquality,contentaccuracyandconsistency
WHATISSYSTEMTESTING?
Thepurposeofsoftwaretestingisreliability,whichrequireserrordetectionandremoval.Softwaretestingcannotturnapoorlydesignedsoftwareprogramintoagoodone,butitcanhelpdeterminethelevelofreliabilitybeforethesoftwareisreleased.
Softwaretestingisaprocessthatshouldfollowapatternandwell-definedplan.Targetsoftwareissubjectedtotestcasesandstrategies,whichgeneratetestresults.Thesetestresultsareevaluatedanderrorsaredebuggedandcorrectionismadetothesoftware.
Thetypesoferrorsthattestersarelikelytoencounterare:
∙FatalErrors,whichareofthreetypes:
1.Crash,inwhichtheprogramterminatesabnormally.
2.Logic,inwhichaprogramdoesnotperformafunctionproperly.
3.Hang,inwhichaprogramoraportion,oftheprogramappearstoloopindefinitely.
∙SeriousErrors,whichproduceincorrectoutput.
∙MinorErrors,whichcauseuserdissatisfaction.
Whatthismeansissoftwaretestingistheprocessthatshouldfollowawell-definedplan.Testingshouldsubjectthetargetsoftwaretotestcasesandstrategies,whichgeneratetestresults.Testcasesareinfactproceduresthatexaminethesoftwareandwillproduceresultsthatwillleadtotheacceptance,modificationorrejectionofthesoftware.
Theareasinwhichtestcasesaredevelopedshouldinclude:
∙Field
∙Record,theentry,storage,retrievalandprocessingofrecords.
∙File,theopening,retrieval,useandclosingoffiles.
∙Dataentry,testingforinaccurate,incompleteorobsoletedata.Validationisrequiredfortheentryofproperdataaccordingtodesignspecification.
∙Controls,whichcheckallembeddedcontrolsensuringtheaccuracy,completenessandauthorisedprocessingoftransactions.
∙Programflowdeterminesthatthesoftwareperformssequence,selectionandrepetitionisconstructedproperly.
Thequalityandefficiencyoftestingislargelydependentonthedevelopmentandapplicationoftestcasesandshouldadheretothefollowingformat:
PROGRAMDEVELOPMENT
Afeatureofprogramdesignistoproduce:
∙Smallmodulesize,thatis,easytowrite,testandchange.
∙Modularindependence,thatis,amoduledoesnothavetoknowhowanothermoduleworks（loosecoupling）.
Asystemiseasiertowriteandtestifitisdividedintomodules.Eachmodulewill,eventually,becoded.
TESTINGPROCESS
Testingcanbedefinedastheprocessofexaminingaproductandthendeterminewhatdefectsitcontains,ifany.Ofcoursethiscanonlybedoneoncethesoftwarehasbeenconstructed.Theprocessis:
Asinformationsystemisanintegratedcollectionofsoftwarecomponents.ComponentscanbetestedindividuallyoringroupsandcanbecorrelatedtoaspecificphaseofSDLC,thatis:
Planningfortestingcanthenoccurduringeachphase,forexample:
Animportantpartofdevelopingtestsisspecifyingtestcasesanddata.Atestcaseisaformaldescriptionof:
∙Thestartingstate
∙Oneormoreeventstowhichthesoftwaremustrespond
∙Theexpectedresponseorendingstate
Bothstartingstateandeventarerepresentedbyasetoftestdata.Thesewillbediscussedlaterinmuchmoredetail.
QUALITYASSURANCE
QualityAssurance（QA）istheprocessofensuringthataninformationsystemmeetsminimalqualitystandardsasdeterminedbytheuser,staffandmanagement.QAisperformedthroughoutthelifecycleoftheprojectsoastoensurethatthesystemhasbeenbuiltcorrectlyfromthestartordetecttheerrorsassoonaspossible.
QAactivitiesshouldbeusedtoidentifygapsorinconsistencieswithinthesystemrequirements.TheroleofQAshouldenableyouindesigningandimplementingbugfreeprograms.OftenadrawbackinQualityAssuranceisitisoverlookedornotagreatdealofemphasisisplacedonitandthislapseoccursforseveralreasons,whichinclude:
∙Schedulepressure
∙QArequiresdevelopmentpersonneltoopentheirworktothoroughexaminationandcriticismbyothers.
ByformallyintegratingQAintoaprojectandschedulingitformthebeginningenablesQAtobestated,measuredandanythingwithinthescopeoftheprojectthatdoesnotmeetthosestandardswillthenhaveanimpactonboththebudgetandtheschedule.
OtherreasonsforestablishingQAinthedevelopmentprocessescontributestothebuildinganenvironmentofopenness,andmutualrespectamongstprojectparticipants.QAenablesyoutodetectduringimplementationphasegothroughtoacceptancetestingandinsomecaseserrorsaredetectedafterthesystembecomesoperational.
∙Adoptqualityassurancewithdocumentation
TESTINGTEMPLATES
TESTDESIGNFORMTestId:
SystemName:
Testdatasource:
Specialrequirements:
Itemfortest:
ItemIDnumber:
TestNo.
Actiontobetaken
Expectedresults
Testdesigner:
Approvedby:
Date:
Pageof
MODULETESTRESULTSFORM
Client/System:
Version:
Module:
Run:
Tester’sName:
Page:
Signature:
Date:
Test
Number
Pass
Initials
Incident
Number
Test
Number
Pass
Initials
Incident
Number
Test
Number
Pass
Initials
Incident
Number
MODULETESTVERIFICATIONDETAILS
Client/System:
Version:
Thefollowingmodules,whichhavebeentestedandsignedoffbytheModuletesters,havebeenreviewedandacceptedby:
POSITIONNAMESIGNATUREDATE
ProjectLeader_____________________________________________
ModuleName
Run
ModuleTester’s
Name
Signature
PREPARETHETESTENVIRONMENT
Topic2:
Preparethetestenvironment
∙Identifyacceptancecriteriaanddevelopatestplan
TESTING
Testingisonepartofqualityassurance,usedtodeterminethatstandardsofcorr
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