名词动词变化总结练习.docx
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名词动词变化总结练习
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。
如:
fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas
二)x,sh,ch,s后加es。
如:
boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es
如:
baby-babies,duty-duties,story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s
如:
day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,way-ways
四)以o结尾加s.如:
radios,zoos
如是辅音加o的加es.如:
tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯
特殊(外来词、缩写词和专有名词):
photos,pianos,kilos
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如:
knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)如:
fish,sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese
七)只有复数,没有单数
如:
people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数(集合名词)
如:
police警察局/警察,class班/同学,family家/家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
如:
actionmovie-actionmovies,passers-by;
但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
如:
mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。
如:
fish鱼fishes鱼的种类;paper纸papers报纸/卷子/论文;work工作works作品/工厂;glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯/眼镜;orange桔子水oranges橙子;light光线lights灯;people人peoples民族;time时间times时代/次数;chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡
十一)特殊形式的有:
child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen
B)、名词的所有格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。
构成如下:
一)单数在后面加’s。
如:
brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。
如:
Teachers’Day教师节,Children’sDay六一节,Women’sDay三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。
如:
MikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间(共住一间)
Mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
四)双重所有格:
名词加所属的人/物“名词+of+名词所有格”
如:
apictureofmyfather’s,abookofTom’s
2、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:
一)一般在词后加s。
如:
comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains
二)在x,sh,ch,s后加es。
如:
watches,washes,wishes,finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。
如:
study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如:
plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys
四)以o结尾加es。
如:
does,goes
五)特殊的有:
are-is,have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:
一)一般在后加ing。
如:
spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。
如:
dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。
如:
put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。
如:
tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于
3、形容词的级
在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。
构成如下:
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。
如:
greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。
如:
big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。
如:
happy-happierhappiest,busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest
四)特殊情况:
(两好多坏,一少老远)
good/well-betterbest;many/much-moremost;bad/ill–worseworst;
little-lessleast;old-older/elderoldest/eldest;
far-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest
5、数词(不规则:
一、二、三、五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾变为i,加eth)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
4、特殊疑问句
①问年龄HowoldisLucy?
---Sheistwelve.
②问种类Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?
---Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.
③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?
---Heiswell/fine.
④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?
---L-doubleO-K.
Howdoyougotowork?
---Bybike/Onfoot.
⑤问原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?
⑥问时间What’sthetime?
(=Whattimeisit?
)---It’sten.
Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?
---Atfiveo’clock.
Whendoyouwanttogo?
----Let’sgoat7:
00.
⑦问地方Where’smybackpack?
---It’sunderthetable.
⑧问颜色Whatcolorarethey?
---Theyarelightblue.
What’syourfavouritecolor?
---It’sblack.
⑨问人物Who’sthat?
---It’smysister.
Whoistheboyinblue?
---Mybrother.
Whoisn’tatschool?
---PeterandEmma.
WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?
⑩问东西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?
---It’sapencilcase.
Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?
---Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.
11问姓名What’syouraunt’sname?
---HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.
What’syourfamilyname?
---Myfamilyname’sSmith.
12问哪一个Whichdoyoulike?
---Ilikeoneinthebox.
13问价格Howmucharethesepants?
---They’re15dollars.
14问电话号码What’syourphonenumber?
---It’s576-8349.
15问谓语(动作)What’shedoing?
---He’swatchingTV.
16问职业(身份)Whatdoyoudo?
---I’mateacher.
What’syourfather?
---He’sadoctor.
名词单数变复数练习:
一、请写出下列名词的复数形式
Cityzoo country toothmouseboyroom _____ car _____ tree _____ horse______ bus_______ fox ______
branch _____ baby _______ family _____ country.________ radio _______
photo______ piano______ knife ______leaf_____ life_____ thief_______
man____ woman_______ child_______ foot________ woman teacher _____
_______diary day________ foot______ book_____ dress______sheep ______ box_______ sandwich _____ paper______
二、单项选择
1. The __ in our yard are very beautiful.
A. cloth B. water C. flowers
2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.
A. boy B. boys C. boies
3. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it?
A. foots B. feet C. feets
4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.
A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Janpaneses
5. Can you see nine ____ in the picture?
A. fish B. book C. horse
6. The _____ has two______.
A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch
7. The _____ are flying back to their country.
A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
8. The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed.
A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths
三、填入所给名词的正确形式
1. I have two_____ (knife)
2. There are many _____ here. (box)
3. There are many _____ on the road. (bus)
4. A few _____ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The _____ are playing football now. (child)
名词所有格练习:
1. Today is September 10th. It's ________ Day.
A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teacher'
2. It's June 1st, it's ________ Day.
A. Childrens B. Children’s C. Childrens’ D. Childrens's
3. This year, ________ is on May 9th.
A. My mother's birthday B. My mothers' birthday
C. My mothers birthday D. My mothers's birthday
4. —Where is Mr. Zhang?
—He is in the ________ .
A. teacher's reading room B. teachers' reading room
C. teacher reading room D. teachers reading room
5. These are ________ .
A. newspaper of today B. today's newspaper
C. today's newspapers' D. today newspaper's
6. This is ________ .
A. Mike and Jim's bike B. Mike's and Jim bike
C. Mike's and Jim's bike D. Mike and Jim bike
7. ________ has travelled to Beijing.
A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers
C. A her friend D. Her's one friend
8.Thisyear,themostpopular________hatisthatkind.
A.woman'sB.womens’C.women’sD.womans'
9.Billy and I are good friends, I have ________ .
----Look at this one, how sweet he is smiling!
A. some pictures of Billy' B. some pictures of Billy's
C. some Billy's pictures D. some pictures of Billy
现在分词变化练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play_____________run_____________swim__________
make____________go______________like____________
write_____________ski_____________read___________
have____________sing____________dance__________
put______________see____________buy____________
love____________live___________take____________
come___________get_____________stop____________
sit_____________begin____________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?
She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It's5o'clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?
Yes,sheis.
三、句型转换:
1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作否定回答)
______________________________________________________________
3.I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)
______________________________________________________________
序数词变化练习:
一、根据句子意思填空
1. Children’s Day(儿童节) is on the ____ of June(六月).
2. There are ____ months(月)in a year(年).
3. Teacher’s Day(教师节) is on the ____ of September(九月).
4. Three plus(加) six is ______.
二、选择填空。
( )1. My cousin’s birthday in on the of October.
A. three B. first C. the second
( )2. What date is it today?
It’s of April.
A. twelfth B. the 12th C. 12th
( )3. There aredays in a week.
A. the seven B. seventh C. the seventh D. seven
( )4.Sunday is the day of a week.
XX文库-让每个人平等地提升自我 A. one B. first C. Second
( )5. Twenty-eight minus(减)six is .
A. the twenty- second B. twenty-two C. twenty- second
( )6. Four plus(加) is twelve.
A. seven B. eight C. nine
三、根据题意,填入合适的数词。
1、Sunday is the ( ) day of a week.
2、September is the ( ) moth of a year.
3、October the ( ) is National of a year.
4、 There are ________ days in February.
直击中考·序数词训练<二>
( )1. (2006·重庆) The _____ question is much more different than this one.
A. sixth B. six C. sixteen D. six