高考英语试题全国卷一含答案.docx
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高考英语试题全国卷一含答案
2018年高考英语全国卷I（含答案）
（考试时间100分钟满分：
120分）
第一部分、听力（略）
第二部分、阅读理解（满分40分）
第一节（共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Washington,D.CBicycleTours
CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D。
C。
Duration:
3hours
ThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworldfamouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D。
C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms—disappear！
WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour
Duration:
3hours（4miles）
JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D。
C。
ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike，helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.
CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C
Duration:
3hours
MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD。
C。
newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D。
C。
inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress,memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.
WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour
Duration：
3hours（7miles）
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington，D.C。
GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory。
Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights。
21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance？
A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C。
B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.
C。
CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C
D。
WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour。
22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?
A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.
C。
Visitwell—knownmuseums。
D.Enjoyinterestingstories.
23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide？
A。
Citymaps。
B。
Cameras.C.Meals.D。
Safetylights。
B
GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget。
InSaveMoney：
GoodFood，shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday。
AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn，13,andJack，11。
“WeloveMexicanchurrossoIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains。
"Ipay￡5foraportion（份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water，sugarandoil。
Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”
Theeight—partseries（系列节目），Savemoney：
GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney：
GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket。
Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek。
Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget。
Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.
24。
WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?
A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.
C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily。
25。
HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna
A。
Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher。
B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.
C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher。
26。
Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4？
A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.
C.Addsomebackgroundinformation。
D：
Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion。
27。
Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB。
BalancingOurDailyDiet
C。
MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD。
CookingWellforLess
C
Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter—gatherers，small，tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother。
Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago，whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers，andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies，trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades，allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,and dominant languagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages，oftenspokenbymanypeople，whilehotwetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1，000；Africa2,400；andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200，ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersismere6,000，whichthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat。
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction（消亡）,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom，BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers），ChiapanecoinMexico（150），LipanApacheintheUnitedStates（twoorthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion—mark）:
noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.
28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter—gatherertimes?
A.TheydevelopedveryfastB.Theywerelargeinnumber
C。
TheyhadsimilarpatternsD。
Theywerecloselyconnected
29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？
A。
ComplexB。
AdvancedC。
Powerful。
D.Modern
30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent？
A.About6，800B。
About3,400C。
About2,400D.About1，200
31。
Whatisthemainideaofthetext？
A。
Newlanguageswillbecreated。
B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.
C。
Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.
D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution。
D
Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew，butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle。
That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.
Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing，CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice。
Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s。
Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers，basicmobilephones,andbox—setTVsdefined1992。
Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndWP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002，beforetabletsande—readersshowedupin2007.
Asweaccumulatedmoredevices，however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.”Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room，andsuddenlyoneday，youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse，”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007。
We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-Wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam，olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window。
Sowhat’sthesolution（解决方案）?
Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007，buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing。
Theyfoundthatmoreon—demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.
32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?
A.Theyareenvironment—friendly.B。
Theyarenobetterthantheold.
C.Theycostmoretouseathome。
D。
Theygooutofstylequickly.
33。
WhydidBabbitt’steamconducttheresearch?
A.Toreducethecostofminerals。
B。
Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.
C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology。
D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.
34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?
A.Thebox-setTV。
B.Thetablet。
C.TheLCDTV。
D.Thedesktopcomputer。
35。
Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices？
A.StopusingthemB。
TakethemapartC.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem。
第二节 （共5小题：
每小题2分,满分10分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou'llalwayshaveineveryroom。
Agraspofhowtomanagecolorin
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