中考英语名词冠词数词的专项温习.docx

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中考英语名词冠词数词的专项温习.docx

中考英语名词冠词数词的专项温习

【本讲教育信息】

一、教学内容:

专题温习一名词、冠词、数词

1.命题热点

2.知识清单

3.经典再现

二、知识总结与归纳

(一)名词

【命题热点】

1.不可数名词

2.可数名词复数规那么形式的组成及不规那么的拼写

3.所有格的形式

【知识清单】

清单一:

可数名词及其单复数

单数a,an的用法ahouseanappleayellowbaganoldmanausefuldictionary

复数转变规那么:

1)+scupgirlhand

2)以o结尾的+szoo,radio,photo,piano,[hero,tomato,potato]

3)以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的+esclass,bus,box,watch,brush

4)以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i再加es:

factory,baby,city,country

5)特殊转变:

man-menwoman—womenFrenchman-Frenchmen

tooth-teethmouse-micegoose-geesefoot-feetchild-children

deer—deerfish-fishJapanese-JapaneseChinese—Chinese

用法点津

1)汉语拼音,单复数同形yuan,li

2)某些只有复数形式的单词clothes,pants,socks,shorts,glasses

清单二:

不可数名词及其用法

不可数名词没有单复数之分,经常使用some/any/much/alittle/little/alotof等来修饰。

e.g.:

somebreadmuchmeat

若是表示具体的量,需借助量词。

如:

abottleoforangetwobagsofricetwokilosofmeatapieceofbread

清单三:

名词所有格的组成及其用法

1.’s所有格的用法

(1)有生命的:

UncleWang’sfactorytheteacher’sofficeWomen’sDay

(2)几个人共有的:

ThisisLucyandLily’sroom.TheseareLucy’sandLily’srooms.

(3)无生命的(时刻、距离、国家、城市、集体):

today’snewspaperChina’spopulation

tenminutes’walkBeijing’sparks

用法点津:

1)幸免重复:

It’snotJane’sfault,butJack’s(fault).

Whosehandwritingisbetter,Mike’sorAlice’s?

2)表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑:

atmyuncle’s(home)attheGreens’(home)

atthebarber’s(shop)atthetailor’s(shop)

2.of所有格

无生命的:

theflooroftheclassroomthetitleofthesong

thepictureofthefamily

与人的生活紧密相关的:

today’sweather=theweatheroftoday

China’seconomy=theeconomyofChina

thecity’sparks=theparksofthecity

3.双重所有格

atoyoftheboys’severaltoysofthechild’sadaughteroftheoldlady’s

amistakeofmineaninventionofhis

清单四:

名词作定语

组成复合形容词:

Heisan8-year-oldboy.

一样用单数:

Therearesomebananatreesbytheriver.

Thereisonlyonemandoctorandseveralwomennursesinthishospital.(man,woman变复数)

(二)冠词

【命题热点】

1.不定冠词的用法

2.定冠词的用法

3.零冠词的用法

【知识清单】

清单一:

不定冠词的用法

1.表示一个:

I’mreadinganinterestingbook.

Thereisatreeinfrontofmyhouse.

2.代表一类:

Ahorseisusefultomankind.

Abirdcanfly.

3.表示所属类别:

Myfatherisadoctor.

MywishistobecomeateacherwhenIgrowup.

4.用在事物的“单位”前,表示“每一”:

Weoftengotoschooltwiceaday.

Takethismedicinethreetimesadayandverysoonyou’llfeelbetter.

5.某人某物,但不具体说明:

Aboycametoseeyouamomentago.

Igotthistoolinashop.

Weneedacarnow.

Sheisill,shehastoseeadoctor.

6.用于某些固定词组:

afew,alittle,alotof,haveagoodtime,havearest

7.适应用法:

amomentago,twiceaweek,foratime,inawhile,inamoment,justaminute/moment,afteratime/while

清单二:

定冠词的用法

1.特指:

Thebaginthedeskismine.

Isthisthebookyouarelookingfor?

2.指上文已提到的人或物。

IboughtabookfromXinhuabook-shop.Thebookcosts15yuan.

Wouldyoumindturninguptheradioalittle?

Ican’thearitclearly.

3.世界上并世无双的事物:

thesun,themoon,thesky,theearth,theworld,thewinternight

4.与单数名词连用,表示一类人或物:

Thedogisnottoodangerous.

5.与形容词连用,表一类人:

thepoor,thewounded,thedeaf,therich,thesick

6.用在序数词、最高级前:

ThisisthebiggestcityinChinaIhaveevervisited.

Heisthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.

7.表示具体的地址、方位、时刻或某天的一个部份

Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.

Myparentsliveinthepeacefulcountryside.

8.用在乐器、文艺活动、运动场所的名称前:

Thelittlegirllikestoplaytheviolin.

Theyaregoingtothecinematonight.

9.用在报刊、杂志名称所组成的名词之前。

IamreadingtheChinaDailynow.

HaveyougottheEveningPaperyet?

10.用在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称之前。

TheChangjiangRiveristhebiggestoneinChina.

WeliveneartheYellowRiver.

11.用在姓名复数前:

TheGreensareverykindtous.

TheWhitesliketheclassicmusic.

12.用于某些固定短语中

bythewayjointhearmylistentotheradiotellthetruth

gotothecinemaallthesamejustthesamewiththehelpof

on/over/throughtheradio

清单三:

零冠词的用法

1.专用名词、抽象名词和物质名词之前

Ithinkwaterisakindoffood,too.

Moneyisnoteverything.

2.日常餐食

It’stimeforbreakfast.

Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?

3.季节、月份、礼拜、节日、球类运动、棋类游戏之前

Summerishotandwinteriscoldhere.

NewYear’sDayiscoming.

TodayisthefirstdayofMay.

Doyouliketoplayfootballorbaseball?

4.具体的学科、语言前

CanyouspeakEnglish?

It’sdifficulttolearnPhysicswell.

5.称号、职位前

Mr.Smith,headofthegroup,willplanforthewholetrip.

IusuallyhelpDadonthefarmonSunday.

6.在this,that,these,my,Jane’s,some,any等限定词前

Thisismyaddress.

Hiscameraislikemine.

7.某些固定词组

byaironfootatnightafterschoolathomegotoclassinfact

frommorningtillnight

(三)数词

【命题热点】

1.基数词的组成及用法

2.序数词的组成及用法

3.分数的表达法

4.年、月、日的表达法

5.时刻的表达法

【知识清单】

清单一:

基数词的组成及用法

组成:

1.1-12的表述:

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve

2.13-19的表述:

以-teen结尾

3.20-90数字的表达:

以-ty结尾

4.21-99之间数字的表达:

十位和个位之间加连字符“-”,如twenty-five

5.一百以上的数字的表达:

在百位,十位之间加and.如104:

onehundredandfour,486读作fourhundredandeighty-six

6.“万”的表达:

10thousand,fortythousand(四万)

7.1000以上的数字:

3,333,333,333threebillion,threehundredandthirty-threemillion,threehundredandthirty-threethousand,threehundredandthirty-three

8.hundred,thousand,million前假设有具体数字,要用单数形式,但假设有of,要用复数形式,同时,前面不能再加具体数字

twothousand,thousandsof

清单二:

序数词的组成及用法

组成:

1.first,second,third

2.fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth

3.twentieth,ninetieth

4.前加定冠词或代词

TheFirstLessonismoredifficultthantheSecondLesson.

Thisisourfirstlesson.

Whowonfirst?

(表名词,可不用定冠词)

Hefailedonce.Thenhetriedasecondtime.

5.序数词的缩写:

1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,22nd,34th

6.100以上的序数词的表达法:

100th,101st

用法:

1.给事物编号

2.序数词前一样应加定冠词,用不定冠词时表示“又一,再一”

3.表示日期中的“日”

清单三:

分数的表达法

1.分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母用复数。

onethirdtwothirdsthreefifthsonehalfonefourth/aquarter

threefourths/threequarters

2.整数与分数之间用and连接

one/anhourandahalf=oneandahalfhours

3.谓语动词的单复数取决于短语中名词的单复数

Onethirdoftheshopassistantsinthisdepartmentstorearemen.

清单四:

年、月、日的表达法

1.1900年:

nineteenhundred

2.1908年:

nineteenandeight

3.2004年11月25日:

Novembertwenty-fifth,twothousandandfour

清单五:

时刻的表达法

8:

21:

twenty-onepasteight/eighttwenty-one

8:

56:

fourtonine/eightfifty-six

8:

30:

eight-thirty/halfpasteight

【典型例题】

1.Thereareenough_____inthefridge.Wedon’tneedtobuyany.

A.milksB.tomatosC.tomatoesD.apple

2.IwasveryexcitedwhenIsawsomany_____onthefarm.

A.chickenB.sheepC.duck

3.Howmany_____arethereintheinternationalvillage?

A.ChineseB.RussianC.American

4.Britishpeopleeat____alot,andtheyarecookedindifferentways.

A.potatoB.potatoesC.beefD.chicken

5.—CanIhelpyou?

—I’dlike_____formytwindaughters.

A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairsofshoe

C.twopairofshoeD.twopairofshoes

6.—Whatdoyouhaveforbreakfast?

—Ioftenhave______or_______.

A.breads,noodlesB.bread,noodles

C.breads,noodleD.bread,noodle

7.—I’vegotalittle_____inmyhouse.

—Whynotkeeptwoormore?

A.juiceB.miceC.breadD.fish

8.Myschoolisn’tfarfromhere.It’sonly______walk.

A.fifteenminutesB.fifteenminutes’C.fifteenminute’s

9.—Howoldisthebaby?

—Heis________.

A.six-months-oldB.sixmonth-oldC.six-monthsoldD.sixmonthsold

10.—DoyouknowTaiwan,Jenny?

—Yes,ofcourse.Taiwanis________island.ItbelongstoChina.

A.aB.anC.theD./

11.What_____interestingstory!

Iwanttoreaditasecondtime.

A.aB.anC.theD./

12.—What’s_______datetoday?

—It’sJune26th.

A./B.aC.theD.that

13.—Iknockedovermyteacup.Itwentrightover_____keyboard.

—Youshouldn’tputdrinksnear_____computer.

A.the,/B.the,aC.a,/D.a,a

14.____womaninareddressisaverypopularteacherinourschool.

A.AB.TheC./

15.Erichas______e-dogandhisnameisHobo.

A.aB.anC.the

16.—Look,what’sinthetree?

—Thereis_____birdsingingthere.

A.theB.anC.aD./

17.—Look,what’sinthetree?

—Thereis________birdsingingthere.

A.theB.anC.aD./

18.—Doyouhaveacat?

—Yes,_____catisblackandwhite.

A.TheB.AC.An

19.Thereis_____parkinthecenterofthecity.

A.aB.anC.theD./

20.Don’ttellalie,littleboy!

Youshouldbe_____honestchild.

A.aB.anC.theD./

21.—What’sthedatetoday?

—It’s_________.

A.SaturdayB.JuneC.June1st

22.Canyouseeanypotatoesin______picture?

A.thesecondB.secondC.two

23.Ihearwewillhavea______holidayin_____.

A.twoday’s,twoday’stimeB.two-day,twoday’stime

C.two-day,twodays’timeD.twodays,two-daytime

24.The______manontheleftisBeckham,afamousfootballplayer.

A.twoB.secondC.three

25.Hebelievedhisluckynumberwasten,sohedecidedtoliveonthe____floor.

A.lowestB.tenC.tenth

26.—Couldyoutellmewhattimeitisnow?

—Certainly,it’s_____.

A.tenandtwentyB.twentypastten

C.tentwentyD.bothBandC

27.AlthoughIfailedfourtime,myfatherencouragedmetohavea______try.

A.secondB.thirdC.fourthD.fifth

28.LiuXiang,21,isanOlympicwinnerinthe_______hurdles(跨栏),we’reproudofhim.

A.110-metreB.110-metresC.110metre

29.Theoldtowerlooksnice.It’sabout______.

A.twelve-meter-highB.twelve-metershigh

C.twelve-meterhighD.twelvemetershigh

30.—DoyouknowwhenthePLAwasfounded?

—_______________.

A.OnOctober1,1949B.OnAugust1,1927

C.OnJuly1,1921D.InMay,1922

【模拟试题】(答题时刻:

15分钟)

1.Henryplays,buthisbrotherpreferstoplayfootball.

A.pianoB.thepianoC.apianoD.pianos

2.People,especiallyteens,thinkitgreatfuntosurfonInternet.

A.a;theB.a;不填C.不填;theD.the;the

3.Thereis“u”and“s”intheword“use”.

A.an;anB.a;anC.a;aD.the;a

4.Look,that’sappletree.Undertree,youcanseecat.

A.an;a;theB.a;the;aC.an;the;aD.the;a;an

5.nextmorning,shewenttoschoolwith

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