综合教程第二版第二单元答案.docx
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综合教程第二版第二单元答案
基础英语2第二单元答案The Virtues of Growing Older
Textcomprehension
I. C
II. 1F;2F;3F;4T;5T.
III.
1.worshipingyouthandfearinggrowingold.Todelaytheeffectsofagingwithcosmeticsandphysicalexercises.
2.three.Lessconcernforone’sappearance;lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefuture;surerself-identity.
3.feeluncertainaboutwhatwillhappentothemandwhattheyshoulddo.
4.usecontraststructure“Beingyoungmeans…/Itmeans…”and“I…now/Inolonger…”
5.Thewriterlearnsthesignificancethatthenewer（younger）isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.
IV.
1.Womenarelesscapableofresistingthetemptationthetemptationoffashionthanmen.
2.makefriendswithdifferentpeopleinordertofindanewidentityforyourself.
Structuralanalysisofthetext
1. seeIII2.
2. Paragraph3:
thelastsentence;Paragraph4:
thesecondsentence;Paragraph5:
thefirstsentence.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
Partone.VocabularyAnalysis
I.Phrasepractice
1.areaptto=arelikelyto 易于……，有……的倾向
e.g.Infantsareapttoputtheirhandsintotheirmouths.婴儿爱把手往嘴里塞。
2.fallapart=breakup/disintegrate
3.ingeneral=asawhole 通常，大体上；总的来说，从总体上看
e.g.Ingeneral,thiscompany’sproductsareveryreliable.这家公司的产品通常是很可靠的。
Ingeneral,thispaperisabitdifficultforthesestudentstofinishinanhour.总的来说，让学生在一个小时完成这份试卷有些困难。
4.atthemercyof=powerlessagainst;completelycontrolledby 对……无能为力；任……处置，任由……摆布
e.g.Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate.有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰，另一些人则觉得他们受到命运的支配。
Idon’twanttoputmyselfatthemercyofothers.我不希望任由他人摆布。
5.nowonder=notsurprising/onlytoonatural 不足为奇，并不奇怪
e.g.Itisnowonderthatitissowetinthesouth. 南方这么潮湿，并不奇怪。
Nowonderyou’resotired,you’veworkedthreehourswithoutabreak. 难怪你这么累，你已经连续工作了三个小时。
Itisnowonderthathefailedhisfinalexam. 他没能通过期末考试，这是不足为怪的。
II.
1.delay; 2.Feverishly; 3.façade; 4.confronted; 5.premise; 6.dreaded; 7.automatically; 8.awaiting.
III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Shehasgotthisobsessive（obsess）fearoflosingcontrol,soshenevershowsheremotions.
2.Peopleunderalotofstressatworkwilloftenexperiencemoodiness（mood）,irritabilityandalossofconfidence.
3.Theywantedatolerable（tolerate）existence—morefood,bettershelter,andpeace.
4.Intheend,thecompanyanditsinvestorscametoamutuallybeneficial（benefit）arrangement.
5.Workingwiththementallyhandicappedcanbeasatisfying（satisfy）andrewardingexperience.
6.Frogscansearchforfoodunderwater,hidden（hide）frombirdsofprey.
7.WhenIaskedheraboutwhereshewantedthemeetingtobeheld,shedidn’texpressanyparticularpreference（prefer）.
8.Thecommitteehasmadefourspecificcriticisms（critical）ofthegovernment’stransportationpolicy.
1.obsessv.（使）牵挂，（使）惦念，（使）着迷
obsesseda.着迷的
obsessionn.困扰，沉迷，着魔
obsessivea.着迷的，强迫性的，分神的
e.g.爱丽丝被一个她刚刚认识的男孩迷住了。
Alicewasobsessedbyaboyshehasjustmet.
他一直想要找到他的父亲，但是最近这变成了一种狂热。
He’salwayswantedtofindhisfatherbutrecentlyit’sbecomeanobsession.
2.moodn.心情，情绪
moodya.易怒的，喜怒无常的，情绪化的
moodinessn.忧郁
e.g.我每个星期日情绪都很坏。
IamalwaysinabadmoodonSunday.
我的妻子在医院里心情不好。
Mywifeismoodyatthehospital.
3.toleratev.容忍，忍受
tolerablea.可容忍的
toleranta.宽容的，容忍的
e.g.她能忍受寒冷的天气。
Shecantoleratethecolddays.
这种炎热的天气在夜晚可以忍受。
Theheatwastolerableatnight.
4.benefitn.利益；津贴
beneficiala.有益的，有利的
beneficiaryn.受惠者，受益人
e.g.这项工程对每个人都大有好处。
Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.
新鲜空气有益于健康。
Freshairisbeneficialtoourhealth.
她的丈夫是她遗嘱的主要受益人。
Herhusbandisthechiefbeneficiaryofherwill.
5.satisfyv.使满意，满足
satisfactionn.满意
satisfactorya.令人满意的
e.g.观赏一幅美丽的图画使人心满意足。
Lookingatabeautifulpaintingalwaysgivesonesatisfaction.
她对现状根本不满意。
Sheisnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.
6.hidev.隐藏，隐瞒
hidingn.隐藏，躲藏
hiddena.隐藏的，秘密的
e.g.她设法不表露自己的感情。
Shetriedtohideherfeelings.
警察正在追赶藏匿起来的杀人犯。
Thepolicearefollowingamurdererwho’sinhiding.
7.preferv.较喜欢；宁可
preferablea.更好的，更合意的
preferencen.偏爱，优先，喜爱物
preferentiala.优先的；优惠的
e.g.我更喜欢牛奶，而不是咖啡.
Iprefermilktocoffee.
我父亲感到在乡村生活比在城市生活要好些。
Myfatherfindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.
对于求职者，我们优先考虑有一定经验的人。
Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreferencetothosewithsomeexperience.
8.criticala.批评的；决定性的，关键的
criticn.批评家，评论家
criticismn.批评，评论
criticizev.批评；非难
e.g.他的行为招致尖锐的批评。
Hisbehaviorcalledforthsharpcriticism.
他批评了我的冒险活动。
Hecriticizedmytakingrisks.
IV.
1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A; 5.B; 6.D; 7.C; 8.B.
V.Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.AdvertisementsconvinceustobuyGrecianFormulaandOilofOlaysowecanhidethegrayinourhair.
Synonym:
conceal,disguise
2.Mylegsweretooheavy,myshoulderstoobroad,mywaisttoobig.
Antonym:
narrow
3.TheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext—perhapsevenbetter—phaseofmylife.
Synonym:
satisfaction,happiness,joy
4.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder
Synonym:
merits,advantages
5.Myroundedfigureseemsfine,andIdon’tdenymyselfasliceofpecanpieifIfeelinthemood.
Synonym:
fat,plump
6.Daveliftedweights,tookmegadosesofvitaminsanddrankahalf-dozenmilkshakesadayinordertoturnhiswiryadolescentframeintosomemuscularideal.
Synonym:
well-built
7.Thetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.
Antonym:
old-fashioned,outdated
8.Obviously,Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIhavealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.
Synonym:
clearly,evidently
VI.Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.
1.preface prepare 5.periphery perimeter
2.prologue progress 6.dialogue diameter
3.foresight foresee 7.semifinal semiconductor
4.paralysis parallel 8.devaluate decelerate
1.Explanation:
pre-:
beforesomeoneorsomething
e.g.prewar,precondition,precaution,prediction
2.Explanation:
pro-:
before
e.g.proceed,procession,provision
3.Explanation:
fore-:
beforeorinthefrontof
e.g.foreword,foretell,forecast,forehead
4.Explanation:
para-:
ononeside
e.g.paragraph,parallel
5.Explanation:
per-:
surrounding
e.g.periodic,period
6.Explanation:
dia-:
passthroughbetweensth.
e.g.dialectic,diagram,diagnosis
7.Explanation:
semi-:
halforpartly
e.g.semicircle,semi-final,semi-skilled
8.Explanation:
de-:
reduce
e.g.declass,degrade,deduce
PartTwoGrammarExercises
1.concretenouns&abstractnouns
Concretenounsarewordsweuseforpeople,places,orthingsthatwecanobservewithatleastoneofourfivesenses.Theabstractclassistheopposite—wecanneverexperiencethesenounsaccordingtooursenses.
Whilethisdistinctionissometimesuseful,theboundarybetweenconcreteandabstractisnotalwaysclear.Somenounscanbeusedasuncountablenounswhentheyrefertoathingingeneralandcountablenounswhentheyrefertoaparticularinstanceofit,consider,forexample,thenounart,whichusuallyreferstoaconcept:
e.g.Artisanimportantelementofhumanculture.
Butitcanrefertoaspecificartworkincertaincontexts:
e.g.Iputmydaughter’sartuponthefridge.
Thisistheproblemofcontextwithinsentences.
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven.
1.agony.
2.agonies.
3.experience.
4.experiences.
5.youth.
6.ayouth.
7.Mychildrenare__agreathelp__tome.（great,help）
8.Theboyhad__agoodknowledge__ofmathematics.（good,knowledge）
9.agrayhair
10.Heislookingfor__work__.（work）
II.1A; 2B; 3D; 4C; 5A; 6B; 7B; 8C.
III.alotof; alittle; some; afew; A; some; some; alotof; X.
many; X; alotof.
2.quantifiers&determiners（every,each,everyone,everyone,all）
Eachandeveryhavesimilarbutnotalwaysidenticalmeanings.
each=everyoneseparately
every=each,all
Sometimes,eachandeveryhavethesamemeaning:
e.g.Pricesgoupeachyear.
Pricesgoupeveryyear.
Butoftentheyarenotexactlythesame.
Eachexpressestheideaof“onebyone”.Itemphasizesindividuality.
e.g.Eachartistseesthingsdifferently.
Everyishalf-waybetweeneachandall.Itseesthingsorpeopleassingular,butinagrouporingeneral.
e.g.EverysoldiersalutedasthePresidentarrived.
Eachcanbeusedinfrontoftheverb:
e.g.Thesoldierseachreceivedamedal.
Eachcanbefollowedby“of”:
e.g.ThePresidentspoketoeachofthesoldiers.
Everycannotbeusedfortwothingswhileeachcan:
e.g.Hewascarryingasuitcaseineachhand.
Everyisusedtosayhowoftensomethinghappens:
e.g.ThereisaplanetoBangkokeveryday.
Everyonemeans“everybody”andisusedwhenyouwanttorefertoallthepeopleinagroup:
e.g.Everyoneinmyfamilylikesspaghetti.
Butifyou’rereferringtotheindividualswhomakeupagroup,thenthephra
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