浅析《木马赢家》中的爱.docx

浅析《木马赢家》中的爱.docx

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浅析《木马赢家》中的爱

忻州师范学院

2013届本科生毕业论文

题目浅析《木马赢家》中的爱

姓名张瑜

学号200902111038

系班外本0901班专业英语

指导教师翟慧丽职称讲课老师

2013年6月

CONTENTS

汉语纲要Ⅰ

中文纲要Ⅱ

Abstract1

1.Introduction2

2.DistortedandAbnormalLoveinMotherandSon.3

2.1OedipusComplex—LoveMother3

2.2IrresponsibleMother5

3.BrokenandIncompleteLoveBetweenFatherandSon6

3.1OedipusComplex—HateFather7

3.2Father’sLoveisAbsent8

4.FakeandAlienatedLovebetweenHusbandandWife9

4.1MarriedforLove10

4.2FailedResponsibility9

5.Conclusion10

References11

Appendix12

Acknowledgments13

毕业论文（设计）任务书14

毕业论文（设计）开题报告15

毕业论文（设计）指导记录表16

毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（指导教师用）17

毕业论文（设计）成绩评定表（评阅教师用）18

毕业论文（设计）辩论成绩评定表及成绩表19

汉语纲要:

浅析《木马赢家》中的爱

系班：

外语系本0901班姓名：

张瑜学号：

200902111038指导教师：

翟慧丽

1前言

作者和作品简介

2正文

2.1歪曲变态的爱

（1）恋母情结

（2）渎职的母亲

爱的缺位

（1）憎父情结

（2）父爱的缺少

2.3假爱

（1）并不是为爱而成婚

（2）不负责任的丈夫

3结论和对现代社会的启迪

中文纲要：

《木马赢家》是劳伦斯较为有名的短篇小说之一，于他的暮年创作而成，在他逝世后的1933年才发布。

这部短篇小说的背景是后工业革命的英国，故事商讨了人与人之间的关系，

从一个侧面反应了西方工业社会中金钱对健康和睦的人际关系的歪曲。

作品的主题是一味追

求物质享受和贪心的性格，会令人的精神歪曲，心理变态，丧失爱的能力。

研究本题的意义在于经过劳伦斯的短篇小说代表作《木马赢家》中对‘爱’的主题的探

索，进一步认识现代工业文明的发展对人性的歪曲和压迫，以及人与人和睦关系的损坏和爱

的能力的丧失，进而正确掌握劳伦斯作品的主题，以此提升自己赏识.鉴析小说的能力。

母

子，父子以及夫妇之间不正常的关系，特别是母子之间，儿子对母亲怀有一种不正常的爱，

而母亲却没能力去爱他，她的贪心天性是致使保罗致死的重要原由。

这类严重的社会问题值

得我们追究。

重点词：

爱，贪心，金钱

LoveinTheRocking-HorseWinner

Abstract:

TheRocking-HorseWinnerisashortstorybyD.H.Lawrence.ItwasfirstpublishedinJuly1933andsubsequentlyappearedinthefirstvolumeofLawrence'scollectedshortstories.Itwasmadeintoafilmunderthesametitlein1950.ThesettingispostindustrialrevolutionEngland,andthestorytakesplaceduringaperiodtheAmericanscall“theroaring20,a’times”characterizedbygreedandagraspingmaterialism.ThisstoryshowsthematerializedrelationshipbetweenpeopleandthedistortedcharacterincapitalismsocietyfollowingtheEnglishindustrialrevolutionwhichdestroyedanddistortedhumanity.Thethemeofthestoryisthatmaterialismcanleadtospiritualdeath,andthatwhenwegambleorgameforgold,weonlyaregoingtowinahollowsoul.

Thisarticleaimsathelpingunderstandthethemeofthisworkbyanalyzingthelovebetweeneveryfamilymemberunderthemoneyorientedsociety.Thelovebetweenmotherandson,fatherandson,husbandandwifeisallabnormal.Thesonhasaspeciallovetohismother,butthemotherdoesnothavetheabilitytoshowherlovetotheson,andhergreedleadstoherson’sdeath.Thisisaseriousphenomenonworthusthinkingabout.

Keywords:

love,greed,money

LoveinTheRocking-HorseWinner

Introduction

D．H．LawrenceisanEnglishauthor,poet,playwright,essayistandliterarycritic,

whoisnowgenerallyvaluedasasignificantrepresentativeofmodernisminEnglishliterature.TheRockingHorseWinnerisoneofthesuccessfulworksofLawrencewho

writesthisnovelinthe1930’s.

TheRocking-HorseWinneristhestoryofaboy’sgiftforpickingthewinnersin

horseraces.Hismotherisincapableofshowingloveandisobsessedwiththestatusthatmaterialwealthcanprovide.Herson,Paul,isacutelyawareofhismother’s

desireformoney,andheismotivatedtotakeaction.Hediscoversthatifherideshisrocking-horsefastenough,hewillsomehowknowthenameofthewinninghorseinthenextrace.Hebeginstomakemoneyandsecretlygivethismoneytohismother,butherdesireformoremoneyonlygrowsmoreintense,insteadofgoingaway.Hefinallyrideshisrocking-horsesofuriouslyinordertodiscoverthewinneroftheDerbythathefallsintoillnessanddies,justasthewinninghorseearnshisfamilyanenormousfortune.

TheRocking-HorseWinnerdoesnotonlycarrythethemeofcriticizingthedestructiveinfluencesofmodernindustrialcivilizationonhumannature,butalsorevealsFreud’psychoanalysis——theabnormallove.Thedistortedandabnormallovebetweenmotherandson,thebrokenlovebetweenfatherandson,andthefakeandalienatedlovebetweenhusbandandwifeareanalyzedinthispaper.

1.DistortedandAbnormalLoveinMotherandSon

1.1OedipusComplex——LoveMother

“Inpsychoanalytictheory,thetermOedipuscomplexdenotestheemotionsandideasthatthemindkeepsintheunconscious,viadynamicrepression,thatconcentrateuponaboy’desiretosexuallypossesshismother,andkillhisfather.”（SigmundFreud1940:

302）ThetermisoriginatedfromtheGreeklegendofKingOedipus,who

wasraisedawayfromhisparents,accidentlykillshisfatherandmarrieshismother.Hedideverythingpossibletoescapetheoracle’decreesandpunishedhimselfbyblindingwhenhelearnedthathehadnonethelessunwittinglycommittedboththese

crimes.

So,fromthestoryofOedipus,thepsychologiststhinkthatduringacertainperiod,someboysbegintolookoutsidetoseeksexualobject.Thefirstobjectistheir

mother.Theboywhomakessuchachoiceismainlybecauseofthesexualinstinct.Paulobviouslyhasaspeciallovetohismother.Whenhespeakswithhismother,hewillfeelshy,“‘Isluckmoney,mother?

’heaskedrathertimidly.（’”王守仁

2005:

184）Whenhetellshismotherstoutlythathehimselfisaluckyperson,andhis

mothershowssomefeelingsasunbelievable,Paulfeelsangry.“‘Excellent!

’saidthe

mother,usingoneofherhusband’exclamations.Theboysawshedidnotbelieve

him;or,rather,thatshepaidnoattentiontohisassertion.Thisangeredhimsomewhat,andmadehimwanttocompelherattention.（王”守仁2005：

184）AsifPaulplacesthesamestatuswithhismotherandshowsanabnormalfeelingtoher.

Inordertomakehermotherhappy,heevenworkshardtoearnmoney,which

shouldbedonebyhisfather.WhenhisuncleaskswhatPaulwilldealwiththemoney

heearns,Paulsaidheisforthesakeofhismother.“‘Butwhatareyougoingtodowithyourmoney?

’askedtheuncle.‘Ofcourse,’‘Istartedidtheitforboy,mother.

Shesaidshehadnoluck,becausefatherisunlucky,soIthoughtifIwaslucky,itmightstopwhispering.’”（王守仁2005：

189）Andhedidnotwanthismotherknow

whathedoesforher.Itisanabnormalphenomenonforachildtobehavelikethat.Kidsareoftenwillingtoshowtheirgooddeedstotheirparentsandwouldfeelproudofthemselves.ButPaul’swordsarenotappropriateforhisposition.“‘Ishouldntlike’

mothertoknowIwaslucky,the’saidboy.‘Whynot,son?

’‘She’dstopme.’‘Idon

thinkshewould.’－‘andOh!

the’boywrithedinanoddway－‘Idontwant’herto

know,uncle.（王’”守仁2005：

190）ItisobviousthatPaulhasaspeciallovewhichis

notthelovebetweenmotherandsontoHesterinhisheart.

Besides,Paulevenplanstogivehismotherabirthdaypresentofathousand

poundsforfivesuccessiveyears,butwhenhisgreedymotherwantstotakeawaythe

wholefivethousandadvancedatonce,heagreestoit.“‘Oh,letherhaveit,then!

W

cangetsomemorewiththeother,’said（王the守boy仁.2005”：

190）What’smore,

Paulalwayswearsthegreenpajamasasthesamecolorofhismother’sdress.When

heisdying,hetalkedtohismothersomuchtoaddressthatheisluckyandmakehismotherknowthathelovesherverymuch.AlloftheseshowthatPaulhasaspecialtendernessonhismothermorethanhavinganormalrelationshipbetweenmotherand

son,lookinghismotherashisownpropertyandtryingtoreplacehisfatherintherelationshipbetweenparents.

’sp

1.2IrresponsibleMother

InTheRocking-HorseWinner,theperiodinwhichPaullives,istherapiddevelopmentofcapitalistindustrialcivilizationperiod.Atthattime,commodityproductiondevelopedquicklyandthetemptationofvariouscommoditiestopeople

growstrongerandstronger.Andmoneycanprovidepeoplewiththematerialofgoods

andmeetpeople’svanity.Thepursuitofmoneydistortsthemostpreciousionshiprelat

betweenmotherandchild,whichmakesthemotherunableandfailtoloveherson.

EvenwhenPauldies,hismother,Hesterstilldoesnotacknowledgethathersonhad

beenluckyandthatshetrulyloveshim.

InTheRocking-HorseWinner,firstly,themother

’irresponsibleloveisthatshe

showsnolovetoPaulanddoesnotcareabouthim.Superficially,Paul

’smotheri

goodmother,butactually,sheisagreedyandindifferentperson,whoonlyloves

money.Atthebeginningoftheshortstory,it

isknownthatHesterfeltherchildren

werethrustuponher,andshecouldnotlovethem.“Shehadbonnychildren,yetshe

felttheyhadbeenthrustuponher,andshecouldnotlovethem.Theylookedather

coldly,asiftheywerefindingfaultwithher.

（王守仁

2005：

”183）Asamother,itis

shockedthatshedoesnotloveherchildren.Onlysheherselfknowsthatshecouldnot

loveanybodyandcouldnotfeelotherslove,’withoutexceptionofherchildren.

Althougheverybodyaroundherthinkssheisagoodmother,becauseinhermanner

sheisallthemoregentleandanxiousforherchildren,asifshelovesthemverymuch.

Hesterandherchildrenknowthatitisnotthefact,andtheyreaditineachother

eyes.

HesteronlyrunsaftermoneyanddoesnotcareforPaul.Shedoesnotonlyfind

Paulbetonhorseraces,butalsodoesnotfindPaul

forecast’

Paulridesthehorsefuriously,shethinksPaulistoobigforarocking-horsebecause

heisnotaverylittleboyanylonger.EvenwhenhefindsPaulisbecomingcrazyand

hishealthisgrowingworse,shedoesnotexplorethedeepreasonofit.Hesteronly

thinkshersonistoonervousandadvisesPaultogoonavocation.WhenPaulis

goingtodie,hesayssomethingtoHester.

told“‘you,Imothnever,thatifIcanride

myhorse,andgetthere,thenI’mabs