浙江大学高等教育自学考试.docx

浙江大学高等教育自学考试.docx

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浙江大学高等教育自学考试

浙江大学高等教育自学考试

毕业论文（设计）说明书

浅议《傲慢与成见》中伊丽莎白与达西的婚姻

Thecombinationbasedonloveandidealismresultsinasuccessfulmarriage

-------ThemarriageofElizabethandMr.Darcyinprideandprejudice

姓名陈海燕

专业英语语言文学

准考证号码0245

指导教师俞建青

2006年9月27日

Contents

Abstract3

I.Introduction4

Ⅱ.JaneAustenandherprideandprejudice4

.Abouttheauthor4

.Socialbackground5

.Women’spositioninAusten’stime5

.Austen’sliteraryconcern5

III．CharactersofElizabethandMr.Darcy5

ofElizabeth6

3.1.1Sensible6

3.1.2LovelyandHumor7

3.1.3Prideandprejudice7

3.1.4.Independence7

CharactersofDarcy8

3.2.1Pride8

3.2.2IntegrityandKindness8

3.2.3FromagentlemanofBloodtoagentlemanofsensibility9

IV.MarriagebetweenElizabethandDarcy9

4.1ASuccessful marriage10Socialfactors10

Socialclaims10

V.Conclusion11Bibliography

11

Abstract

Prideandprejudicehastraditionallybeeninterpretedasaworkpraisingthosewomenwhofoughtforahappymarriage.ThisarticleanalysesthemarriageofMr.DarcyandElizabeth,twocharactersinJaneAusten’sprideandprejudice.Itisanalyzedfromthetwopersons’perspectivecharacters,thesocialfactorsandthemarriageinfluenceonthem.Thoughthisanalysis,thepaperprovesthatthemarriageofMr.DarcyandElizabethisbaseonloveandsimilarinterests.Thecombinationbasedonloveandidealismresultsinasuccessfulmarriage.meanwhile,itexpressedtheviewpointsonmarriagethatmoney-orientedmarriageandsex-orientedmarriagearenotsuccessfulalthoughthepeoplecanlivetogether.

Keywords:

MarriageLovesuccessfulidealismCharacter

-----浅议简.奥斯丁《傲慢与成见》中两位主角伊丽沙白和达西的婚姻.

摘要

《傲慢与成见》从来被以为是作者为歌颂女性追求幸福婚姻的不懈尽力面作。

这篇文章重在对奥斯丁的《傲慢与成见》中两位主角伊丽沙白和达西他们各自的性格特点，和那时的社会因素和这对婚姻的社会阻碍方面来具体分析。

通过这些分析，用以证明他们的婚姻是成立在爱情和一起的性格的基础上，他们的婚姻是爱情与理想的成功结合。

同时，也说明了成立在金钱和冲动的基础上的婚姻是不幸福的，尽管他们能生活在一路。

关键词：

婚姻爱情成功理想性格

Ⅰ.Introduction

Thebook“prideandprejudice”hasbeenvalueasthemostsuccessfulandpopularmasterpiece.Inthisnovel,JaneAustenmainlydescribedtheordinarylifeoftheBennets.Shetoldusfourdifferentmarriagestoshowthereadersthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardslove.Andalsosheexpressedherownviewpointsonmarriagethatacombinationbasedonloveandsimilarinterestsisahappyandperfectmarriage.Inheropinion,themoney-orientedmarriageandsex-orientedmarriagearenotsuccessfulalthoughthepeoplecanlivetogether.Thethemeisnarrow,butsheshowedusabeautifultableauoftheEnglandpeople’slifeofherowntime.Itseemsthatshehadatalenttodescribetheordinarylifeofpeople.

PrideandprejudicebeginswithamostfamoussentenceinEnglishliterature,“itisatruthuniversally acknowledged that a single man in possession of agoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.”（（Austen 1978:

5）with this sentence as core,thenoveltellsthestoryofthenobleyoung man Darcy and intelligent Elizabeth,afteraserialofeventsandmisunderstanding,theygetahappyending.so,thecombinationofdecentDarcyandsensibleElizabethresultsinasuccessfulmarriage.Darcyisagoodmanofintegritywithproudappearance.Heisconstantinhisloveandwillingtomakesacrificeforhislover;histruelovetoElizabethleadstohisfirstproposaltoElizabethregardlessofherhumblefamilyandherinferiorposition;hisdescentcharacterandtrueloveto

ElizabethresultinthefactthathedidhisutmosttorescueWickhameandLydiafromtheirtrouble.Elizabethisanintelligentandsensiblegirl,whoisself-dignifiedandpronetohastyjudgments.Sheisalsobraveanddiscreetinherlove.Herintelligence,braveryanddiscretioninlovebringaboutthefactthatsherefusedCollins’firstproposalagainsthermother’swill;thefactthatsheisself-dignifiedandpronetohastyjudgmentsleadstoherrefusalofDarcy’sproposal.Hersensibilityandrightloveconceptbringabouthersuccessfulmarriage.

“

II.JaneAustenandherprideandprejudice

．Abouttheauthor

JaneAustenisafamousEnglishnovelistinEnglishliteratureinthe19thcentury.“Shewasbornin1775atStevensoninHampshireofmiddle-classparents.”（London:

MacmillanEducationLtd,1985）Sheneveracceptedtheformalschooleducation.But“thewiderangeofactivitieswithintheAustenfamilycountrywalks,charades,readingwritingstoriesandfamilyplays,constitutedarichinformaleducationforthechildren,andstimulatedJaneAusten’sambitiontobecomeanovelist.”

Duringtheforty-twoyearsofherlife,Austenhadcompletedsixnovels[NorthangerAbbey,senseandsensibility,Prideandprejudice,MansfieldPark,Emma,andPersuasion]andleftbehindthreefragments.PrideandPrejudiceisJaneAusten’smasterpiece.Theinitialtitleofthenovelprideandprejudiceis

“FirstImpressions”whichwaswrittenbetweenOctober1796andAugust1797,itfirstpublishesin1813.Thebooktellsastoryaboutloveaffairsbetweentheheroine—ElizabethBennetandthehero---FitzwilliamDarcy,andmainlytalksabouttheprocessoftheirbecominglovers.Firstlyonepossessesprejudice,theotherpossessespride;thentheybothovercometheirshortcomings;finally,theyachievetheirhappiness.

.SocialBackground

ToknowwhatAustenwritesprideandprejudicefor,weshouldhaveaclearmindofthesocialbackground.TherearemanysocialstraitsinAusten’stimeandpeopleineachclasshavedifferentdestinies.InAusten’sdays,therewerenocentrallyorganizedsystemsofstate-supportededucation.Ofcourse,womenwerenotallowedtoattendtheinstitutionalizedrungsontheeducationalladder.Atthattime,BritainwasattheperiodoftransitionfromtheearlierstageofcapitalismtocapitalistIndustrialization.Inthecountryside,thearistocraticfamilystillheldgreatpowerandrightthatcountrysquireswerelikelytofawnuponthem.However,asthedevelopmentofcapitalismandtheexpandoftherankofrichpeople.Thedistinctionbetweensocialstratawasbecomingsmallerandsmaller,whilemoneywasgettingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’smindaboutsocialvalue,Awesternliteraturecriticoncesaidthat“evenDavid（aBritisheconomist）hadaunlikelyclearerunderstandingaboutthefunctionofmoneyindailylifeasJaneAustenhad”1Itisexactlybecauseofthesecurepledgeinfinancethatthecountrysquire

societycouldbeexistingstronglyandsolidly.

.Women’spositioninAusten’stime

Atthattime,theIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thcenturymadewomen’sliberationpossible.Massproductionneededmorehandsandmachinecouldbeoperatedbywomenwhowerenotphysicallyasstrongasmen.Thelower-classwomenbecamewageearnersinfactories.Thiswasthebeginningoftheirindependence.But,womenstillenjoyalowsocialstatusinsociety,therewasnorequirementforacademiceducationforwomen,theyhavenowaytogeteducation,andverylittleopportunityforwomentouseknowledge.Therefore,marriageisagoodwayoutforwomen.Ontheotherhand,PropertyisaveryimportantfactorinJaneAusten’stime.“Onlyyoungwomenwithbeautifulappearanceandfoodfamilybackgroundcantheyhavelotsofopportunitiestogetasatisfactorymarriage.”

.Austen’sliteraryconcern

AsanovelistJaneAustenwriteswithineverynarrowsphere.Thesubjectmatter,thecharacterrange,thesocialsettingandplotsareallrestrictedtotheprovinciallifeofthelate18th-centuryEngland,concerningthreeorfourlandedgentry’familiestheirdailyroutinelife,relationshipwithmembersoftheirownfamilyandwiththeirfriend.Dancingparties,teaparties,picnics,andgossips,inherworks,Austenvividlyrevealedtheclassrelationship,socialcustomsandsocialmoralsofhertimebymeticulouslyandhumorouslydepictingthelifeoftheruralgentryatthattime.Shewasthefounderofthe

novelwhichdealswithunimportantmiddleclasspeopleandofwhichtherearemanyfineexamplesinlaterEnglishfiction.Sheisalsosparingofdescryingtheinternalthoughtsandemotion’sofmalecharacters.Austen’scarefulcraftsmanshiphasenabledhernovelstobepopularwithreadersineverygeneration.

III．CharactersofElizabethandMr.Darcy

Thoughprideandprejudice,wefindthatDarcy and Elizabethpossesssomegoodqualities.Theyhavetheirownpersonalcharm.ElizabethistheprotagonistofPrideandprejudiceandoneofthemostwell-knownfemalecharactersinEnglishliterature.Elizabeth has many virtues:

 she is a girl withwit, quickness of observation,intelligent,vivacious,humorous,lovely,playful dispositionandshehasastrongsenseofpersonalityanddignity.Sheconversesasbrilliantlyasanyone.Herhonesty,virtue,andlivelywitenablehertoriseabovethenonsenseandbadbehaviorthatpervadeherclass-boundandoftenspitefulsociety.Mr.Darcyisawealthyandreservedman,thoughheoftenappearshaughtyorproudtostrangers.Butheisagoodman,amanofintegrity,withthesomberattractivenessofawickedone.Suchpersons’characterswillenablethemtomakeidealismandrationalismmarriage.

CharacterofElizabeth

Elizabethisthe2nddaughterofBennets’familyandsheisalso“her

father’sfavoritedaughterwhohavinginheritedhiswitandintelligence.’（London:

YorkPress,1980）“Elizabethismuchmorespiritedandindependentthanatwenty-year-oldladyofherperiodwouldordinarilybe.”ShehasperhapsreceivedmoreadmirationthananyotherheroineinEnglishliterature;sheis“unique.”Sheisintelligent,vivacious,humorous,perceptiveandquick-witted,andshehasastrongsenseofpersonalityanddignity.

3.1.1Sensible

Amongthecharactersappearedinthenovel,it’snodou