浙江大学高等教育自学考试.docx
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浙江大学高等教育自学考试
浙江大学高等教育自学考试
毕业论文(设计)说明书
浅议《傲慢与成见》中伊丽莎白与达西的婚姻
Thecombinationbasedonloveandidealismresultsinasuccessfulmarriage
-------ThemarriageofElizabethandMr.Darcyinprideandprejudice
姓名陈海燕
专业英语语言文学
准考证号码0245
指导教师俞建青
2006年9月27日
Contents
Abstract3
I.Introduction4
Ⅱ.JaneAustenandherprideandprejudice4
.Abouttheauthor4
.Socialbackground5
.Women’spositioninAusten’stime5
.Austen’sliteraryconcern5
III.CharactersofElizabethandMr.Darcy5
ofElizabeth6
3.1.1Sensible6
3.1.2LovelyandHumor7
3.1.3Prideandprejudice7
3.1.4.Independence7
CharactersofDarcy8
3.2.1Pride8
3.2.2IntegrityandKindness8
3.2.3FromagentlemanofBloodtoagentlemanofsensibility9
IV.MarriagebetweenElizabethandDarcy9
4.1ASuccessful marriage10Socialfactors10
Socialclaims10
V.Conclusion11Bibliography
11
Abstract
Prideandprejudicehastraditionallybeeninterpretedasaworkpraisingthosewomenwhofoughtforahappymarriage.ThisarticleanalysesthemarriageofMr.DarcyandElizabeth,twocharactersinJaneAusten’sprideandprejudice.Itisanalyzedfromthetwopersons’perspectivecharacters,thesocialfactorsandthemarriageinfluenceonthem.Thoughthisanalysis,thepaperprovesthatthemarriageofMr.DarcyandElizabethisbaseonloveandsimilarinterests.Thecombinationbasedonloveandidealismresultsinasuccessfulmarriage.meanwhile,itexpressedtheviewpointsonmarriagethatmoney-orientedmarriageandsex-orientedmarriagearenotsuccessfulalthoughthepeoplecanlivetogether.
Keywords:
MarriageLovesuccessfulidealismCharacter
-----浅议简.奥斯丁《傲慢与成见》中两位主角伊丽沙白和达西的婚姻.
摘要
《傲慢与成见》从来被以为是作者为歌颂女性追求幸福婚姻的不懈尽力面作。
这篇文章重在对奥斯丁的《傲慢与成见》中两位主角伊丽沙白和达西他们各自的性格特点,和那时的社会因素和这对婚姻的社会阻碍方面来具体分析。
通过这些分析,用以证明他们的婚姻是成立在爱情和一起的性格的基础上,他们的婚姻是爱情与理想的成功结合。
同时,也说明了成立在金钱和冲动的基础上的婚姻是不幸福的,尽管他们能生活在一路。
关键词:
婚姻爱情成功理想性格
Ⅰ.Introduction
Thebook“prideandprejudice”hasbeenvalueasthemostsuccessfulandpopularmasterpiece.Inthisnovel,JaneAustenmainlydescribedtheordinarylifeoftheBennets.Shetoldusfourdifferentmarriagestoshowthereadersthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowardslove.Andalsosheexpressedherownviewpointsonmarriagethatacombinationbasedonloveandsimilarinterestsisahappyandperfectmarriage.Inheropinion,themoney-orientedmarriageandsex-orientedmarriagearenotsuccessfulalthoughthepeoplecanlivetogether.Thethemeisnarrow,butsheshowedusabeautifultableauoftheEnglandpeople’slifeofherowntime.Itseemsthatshehadatalenttodescribetheordinarylifeofpeople.
PrideandprejudicebeginswithamostfamoussentenceinEnglishliterature,“itisatruthuniversally acknowledged that a single man in possession of agoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.”((Austen 1978:
5)with this sentence as core,thenoveltellsthestoryofthenobleyoung man Darcy and intelligent Elizabeth,afteraserialofeventsandmisunderstanding,theygetahappyending.so,thecombinationofdecentDarcyandsensibleElizabethresultsinasuccessfulmarriage.Darcyisagoodmanofintegritywithproudappearance.Heisconstantinhisloveandwillingtomakesacrificeforhislover;histruelovetoElizabethleadstohisfirstproposaltoElizabethregardlessofherhumblefamilyandherinferiorposition;hisdescentcharacterandtrueloveto
ElizabethresultinthefactthathedidhisutmosttorescueWickhameandLydiafromtheirtrouble.Elizabethisanintelligentandsensiblegirl,whoisself-dignifiedandpronetohastyjudgments.Sheisalsobraveanddiscreetinherlove.Herintelligence,braveryanddiscretioninlovebringaboutthefactthatsherefusedCollins’firstproposalagainsthermother’swill;thefactthatsheisself-dignifiedandpronetohastyjudgmentsleadstoherrefusalofDarcy’sproposal.Hersensibilityandrightloveconceptbringabouthersuccessfulmarriage.
“
II.JaneAustenandherprideandprejudice
.Abouttheauthor
JaneAustenisafamousEnglishnovelistinEnglishliteratureinthe19thcentury.“Shewasbornin1775atStevensoninHampshireofmiddle-classparents.”(London:
MacmillanEducationLtd,1985)Sheneveracceptedtheformalschooleducation.But“thewiderangeofactivitieswithintheAustenfamilycountrywalks,charades,readingwritingstoriesandfamilyplays,constitutedarichinformaleducationforthechildren,andstimulatedJaneAusten’sambitiontobecomeanovelist.”
Duringtheforty-twoyearsofherlife,Austenhadcompletedsixnovels[NorthangerAbbey,senseandsensibility,Prideandprejudice,MansfieldPark,Emma,andPersuasion]andleftbehindthreefragments.PrideandPrejudiceisJaneAusten’smasterpiece.Theinitialtitleofthenovelprideandprejudiceis
“FirstImpressions”whichwaswrittenbetweenOctober1796andAugust1797,itfirstpublishesin1813.Thebooktellsastoryaboutloveaffairsbetweentheheroine—ElizabethBennetandthehero---FitzwilliamDarcy,andmainlytalksabouttheprocessoftheirbecominglovers.Firstlyonepossessesprejudice,theotherpossessespride;thentheybothovercometheirshortcomings;finally,theyachievetheirhappiness.
.SocialBackground
ToknowwhatAustenwritesprideandprejudicefor,weshouldhaveaclearmindofthesocialbackground.TherearemanysocialstraitsinAusten’stimeandpeopleineachclasshavedifferentdestinies.InAusten’sdays,therewerenocentrallyorganizedsystemsofstate-supportededucation.Ofcourse,womenwerenotallowedtoattendtheinstitutionalizedrungsontheeducationalladder.Atthattime,BritainwasattheperiodoftransitionfromtheearlierstageofcapitalismtocapitalistIndustrialization.Inthecountryside,thearistocraticfamilystillheldgreatpowerandrightthatcountrysquireswerelikelytofawnuponthem.However,asthedevelopmentofcapitalismandtheexpandoftherankofrichpeople.Thedistinctionbetweensocialstratawasbecomingsmallerandsmaller,whilemoneywasgettingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’smindaboutsocialvalue,Awesternliteraturecriticoncesaidthat“evenDavid(aBritisheconomist)hadaunlikelyclearerunderstandingaboutthefunctionofmoneyindailylifeasJaneAustenhad”1Itisexactlybecauseofthesecurepledgeinfinancethatthecountrysquire
societycouldbeexistingstronglyandsolidly.
.Women’spositioninAusten’stime
Atthattime,theIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thcenturymadewomen’sliberationpossible.Massproductionneededmorehandsandmachinecouldbeoperatedbywomenwhowerenotphysicallyasstrongasmen.Thelower-classwomenbecamewageearnersinfactories.Thiswasthebeginningoftheirindependence.But,womenstillenjoyalowsocialstatusinsociety,therewasnorequirementforacademiceducationforwomen,theyhavenowaytogeteducation,andverylittleopportunityforwomentouseknowledge.Therefore,marriageisagoodwayoutforwomen.Ontheotherhand,PropertyisaveryimportantfactorinJaneAusten’stime.“Onlyyoungwomenwithbeautifulappearanceandfoodfamilybackgroundcantheyhavelotsofopportunitiestogetasatisfactorymarriage.”
.Austen’sliteraryconcern
AsanovelistJaneAustenwriteswithineverynarrowsphere.Thesubjectmatter,thecharacterrange,thesocialsettingandplotsareallrestrictedtotheprovinciallifeofthelate18th-centuryEngland,concerningthreeorfourlandedgentry’familiestheirdailyroutinelife,relationshipwithmembersoftheirownfamilyandwiththeirfriend.Dancingparties,teaparties,picnics,andgossips,inherworks,Austenvividlyrevealedtheclassrelationship,socialcustomsandsocialmoralsofhertimebymeticulouslyandhumorouslydepictingthelifeoftheruralgentryatthattime.Shewasthefounderofthe
novelwhichdealswithunimportantmiddleclasspeopleandofwhichtherearemanyfineexamplesinlaterEnglishfiction.Sheisalsosparingofdescryingtheinternalthoughtsandemotion’sofmalecharacters.Austen’scarefulcraftsmanshiphasenabledhernovelstobepopularwithreadersineverygeneration.
III.CharactersofElizabethandMr.Darcy
Thoughprideandprejudice,wefindthatDarcy and Elizabethpossesssomegoodqualities.Theyhavetheirownpersonalcharm.ElizabethistheprotagonistofPrideandprejudiceandoneofthemostwell-knownfemalecharactersinEnglishliterature.Elizabeth has many virtues:
she is a girl withwit, quickness of observation,intelligent,vivacious,humorous,lovely,playful dispositionandshehasastrongsenseofpersonalityanddignity.Sheconversesasbrilliantlyasanyone.Herhonesty,virtue,andlivelywitenablehertoriseabovethenonsenseandbadbehaviorthatpervadeherclass-boundandoftenspitefulsociety.Mr.Darcyisawealthyandreservedman,thoughheoftenappearshaughtyorproudtostrangers.Butheisagoodman,amanofintegrity,withthesomberattractivenessofawickedone.Suchpersons’characterswillenablethemtomakeidealismandrationalismmarriage.
CharacterofElizabeth
Elizabethisthe2nddaughterofBennets’familyandsheisalso“her
father’sfavoritedaughterwhohavinginheritedhiswitandintelligence.’(London:
YorkPress,1980)“Elizabethismuchmorespiritedandindependentthanatwenty-year-oldladyofherperiodwouldordinarilybe.”ShehasperhapsreceivedmoreadmirationthananyotherheroineinEnglishliterature;sheis“unique.”Sheisintelligent,vivacious,humorous,perceptiveandquick-witted,andshehasastrongsenseofpersonalityanddignity.
3.1.1Sensible
Amongthecharactersappearedinthenovel,it’snodou