届山东省泰安市高三一轮检测一模英语试题.docx
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届山东省泰安市高三一轮检测一模英语试题
山东省泰安市2020届高三一轮检测(一模)
英语试题
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fourwaystheincreasinglymobileworkforceistransformingofficestyle
Morebreakoutspacesandrestareas
Whilesomepeopletendtoworkmoreproductivelyinatraditionaldesk-and-chairarrangement,othersfeelbetterwhenthey’reworkingfromasofaorbean-bagchair.That’swhyofficesarecreatinganewmixtureoffurniturezonesthatofferbothlaid-backandtraditionalseatingoptions.
Smalleroffices,smallercarbonfootprint
Therearehugebonuses,bothfinanciallyandenvironmentally,toofficesemployingmoreremoteworkers.Foremployers,lesspeopleintheofficeequalslessneededspace—meaningtheycansavehugeamountsofmoneybyrentingorbuildingsmallerofficespaces,andbyusinglessenergyandwater,loweringtheirutilitybills.Foremployees,smallerofficesinturnwillreduceairpollutionandhelpcreateasmallercarbonfootprint.
Designateddesksarenolongerthenorm
Thedaysofcubicles(小隔间)andassigneddeskstationsarefinallycomingtoanend.Asmoreofficeemployeesstartworkingfromhomefull-timeoronlycomeintoworkoncertaindaysoftheweek,itmakesnosenseforemployerstokeepindividual,assigneddesksaroundforeveryone.
Technologythatcutsthebarrierbetweenofficeandhome
Whenofficeshavemoreemployeesworkingfromhome-orevenfromothercountries-it’svitaltohavethepropertechnologytoconnectpeopletogethereasily.Todothis,officesareusingVoIPphones,whichmakephonecallsthroughtheinternetratherthanregularlandlines,tohelpemployeesaroundtheworldappearasthoughthey’recallingfromtheoffice.
1.Whatistheadvantageofsmalleroffices?
A.Therearehugebonusestotheworkersintheoffice.
B.Theemployerscanemploylesspeople,reducingsalary.
C.They’reenvironment-friendlyandsavetheofficecost.
D.Moreemployeesareseatedworkinginthesmallerspace.
2.Whyaretheindividual,assigneddesksnotkeptintheoffice?
A.Moreemployeesseldomworkintheoffice.
B.Nobodymakesthedesksanylonger.
C.Thepriceofthedesksisgreatlyhigh.
D.Theemployerscometoworkinturn.
3.Whatmakesitpossibleforemployeesaroundtheworldtoworkfromhome?
A.Morebreakoutspacesandrestareas.
B.Rentingorbuildingsmalleroffices.
C.Cubiclesanddesignateddeskstations.
D.Technologythatconnectspeopletogethereasily.
B
Compassionandloveareconceptsthatareoftenthoughttobefeltbyhumansonly.Asthemostintelligentcreaturestoeverwalktheearth,wetendtoassumethatwearetheonlyoneswhocanfeelemotions.Weforgetthatthespeechlessbeingswholiveherewithus—animals—alsohavethesamecapability.
DuringacoldnightinOntario,Canada,apasser-byspottedsomethingonthesideoftheroadthatmadeherstop-ashakingdogcurledupinthesnow.
Whensheapproachedthepup,shediscoveredthatshewasn’talone—shewascuddlingfiveorphanedblackkittenstokeepthemwarm.
Thedogsurelycouldhavefoundasaferplacetostayforthenight,butshechoseinsteadtohelpnotjustherselfbutotherstrayanimalsaswell.
TheGoodSamaritancalledPetandWildlifeRescueandananimalcontrolofficerpickedthemup.Whentheygottotheshelter,itwasapparentthataclosebondhadalreadybeenformedbetweenthedogandtheorphanedkittens.ThestaffdecidedtonamethekinddogSerenityinhonorofherselflessact.
"It’strulyheartwarming!
"ashelterspokespersontoldTheDodo.“Ithadbeenaverycoldnightsothesekittenswouldhavehadaveryhardtimesurviving.”
Asidefromrequiringtreatmentforwormandfleainfections,theorphanedkittensarenowsafe.Justlikeaproudanddotingmother,Serenityinsistedoncheckingonherbabiesregularlytooverseetheirprogress.
Thegoodnewsisthatthekittensarenowlivingwithafosterfamilywhowillcareforthemuntiltheyareoldenoughtobeadopted.Serenity,ontheotherhand,isstilllookingforafamily.
Accordingtotheshelter,sheloveszoomingaroundintheyardandisbigonplaying.Sheisalsoquitejumpy,soshewoulddobestinahomewithoutsmallchildren.
4.Whatdidthepasser-byseeontheroad?
A.Adogcurledupinthesnow.
B.Fivekittenswereinthesnowalone.
C.Adogwaswarmingfivekittensinthesnow.
D.Adogfoundasafeplacetostayforthenight.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“she”inParagraph3referto?
A.Thepasser-by.B.Thedog.C.Thekitten.D.Thespokesperson.
6.WhereisthedogSerenitynow?
A.Livingintheshelter.B.Beingadoptedbyafamily.
C.Stayingwiththekittens.D.Playingwithsomechildren.
7.Whatcanwedrawfromthestory?
A.Animalsandhumansshouldliveinharmony.
B.Asadendcanbeturnedintoapositiveone.
C.Animalshavethesamecapabilitywithhumans.
D.Animalscanfeelcompassionandlovelikehumans.
C
AccordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,33percentofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)areindanger.OneofthevictimsistheGreatBarrierReefinAustralia,theworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.
AteamofBritishandAustralianscientistsbandedandcameupwithasolutiontoreviveoneoftheworld’ssevennaturalwonders.Theyusedunderwaterloudspeakerstoattractfishestothedeadcoralreefstohelpthemrestore.Thegroundbreakingprocessisknownas“acoustic(声音的)enrichment”.
LoudspeakersareplacedonpatchesofdeadcoralsintheGreatBarrierReef.Aftercarefulobservation,researchersdiscoveredafavorableresult-nearlytwiceasmanyfisharrived-andstayed,ascomparedtopartswheretherewasnosoundfromspeakers.
“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopoffishcombinetoformabiologicalsoundscape.Youngfishhomeinonthesesoundswhenthey’relookingforaplacetosettle,”saidProfessorSteveSimpsonattheUniversityofExeter.
Reefsbecomequietwhentheyaredegraded(退化),astheshrimpsandfishdisappear.“Byusingloudspeakerstorestorethislostsoundscape,wecanattractyoungfishbackagain,”Simpsonadded.“Fisharecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems…Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelpkick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,counteracting(抵消)thedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"hesaid.
Despitethisgroundbreakingdiscovery,westillhaveourworkcutoutforthepreservationofcoralreefs.Theaveragewatertemperaturesarerising,andproblemssuchasoverfishingandpollutionarestillamongthepressingissuesathand.Also,furtherresearchisstillneededtounderstandhowloudspeakersinfluencethebehaviorofaquatic(水中)creaturesfully.
Nevertheless,hopeisstillvisibleforthedegradedcoralreefs.Theauthorsoftheacousticenrichmentstudyremaintobeoptimisticinthepowerofmusicandsoundtorestorethereef’sabundantmarinepopulation.
8.Howdoes“acousticenrichment”functionaccordingtothetext?
A.Byscaringtheenemyoffishes.B.Bymakingdegradedreefsnoisier.
C.Byappealingtoyoungfishes.D.Bymakingfishesmultiplyfaster.
9.WhatdoesProfSimpsonthinkofbringingfishback?
A.Itcanhelprebuildthecoralreefs'ecosystem.
B.Itcanbenefittheotherlivesintheocean.
C.Itcanmaketheoceannoisierandcleaner.
D.Itcanimprovethefoodchainsoftheocean.
10.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?
A.Theresearchhasachievedacompletesuccess.
B.Itistoughtorestorethedamagedcoralreefs.
C.Globalwarmingisthebiggestreasonforreefvictims.
D.Musicandsoundbenefitendangeredanimals.
11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.ThethreatscoralreefsfacenowadaysB.Theworld’sbiggestcoralreefsystem
C.VariousreasonswhycoralsarethreatenedD.Anovelapproachtodegradedcoralreefs
D
InthelandoftheSagas,itisn'tChristmasifthereisn'tafloodofbooksunderthetree-literally.
TheJolabokaflod,orChristmasBookFlood,isamuch-lovedtraditionthathasbeencelebratedinIcelandsince1945.It’sabitlikeBritain’sSuperThursday,whenhundredsofhardbackshittheshelvesonthefirstThursdayofOctober,butmuchbigger:
Two-thirdsofbooksinIcelandarepublishedinNovemberandDecember.Hundredsofnewtitlesgoonsaleinbookshopsandsupermarketsatreducedprices,aYuletide(圣诞季)customthathasalsobecomevitalforthepublishingindustry’ssurvival.
OnChristmasEve,Icelanderstraditionallyexchangebooksandspendtheeveningreadingbooks-perhapscurlingupbythefiresidewiththelatestcrimenovelbyArnaldurIndridason.Almostsevenoutof10IcelandersbuyatleastonebookasaChristmasgift,accordingtotheIcelandicPublishersAssociation.
"LiteratureisveryimportantinIcelandanditis,Iguess,theartformthatissomethingthewholepubliccanrelateto,”saidSigrunHrolfsdottir,anartistandmotheroftwochildren.HerdaughterandsonhavealreadypickedthebookstheywantoutoftheBokatidindi,an80-pagecatalogofnovels,poetryandchildren'sbooksdistributedfreetoallhouseholds.
Iceland’sliterarytraditionwasbornabout900yearsagowiththeIcelandicSagas,widelyseenasageminworldliteratureandstillstudiedinschoolbyIcelandicchildrentoday.TheJolabokaflodstartedduringWorldWarII,whenpaperwasoneofthefewthingsnotrationedinIceland.Becauseofthis,Icelandersgavebooksasgiftswhileothercommoditieswereinshortsupply,turningthemintoacountryofbookaholicstothisday,accordingtojolabokaflod.org.Infact,a2013studyconductedatBifröstUniversityfoundthat50percentofIcelandersreadmorethaneightbooksayearand93percentre