国际商务英语简要和课后答案.docx

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国际商务英语简要和课后答案.docx

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国际商务英语简要和课后答案.docx

国际商务英语简要和课后答案

InternationalBusinessEnglish

Lesson1

InternationalBusiness

BusinessKnowledge:

Themajordifferencesbetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness

A.Differencesinlegalsystems

B.Differencesincurrencies

C.Differencesinculturalbackground

D.Differentinnaturalandeconomicconditions

Themajortypesofinternationalbusiness

A.Trade

a.Commoditytrade

b.Servicetrade

B.Investment

a.Foreigndirectinvestment

b.Portfolioinvestment

C.Othertypes

a.Licensingandfranchising

b.Managementcontractandcontractmanufacturing

c.TurnkeyprojectandBOT

TradeTerms:

1.Customsarea关税区：

2.Conversion货币兑换

3.Visibletrade有形贸易:

Theformofcommoditytrade,.exportingand

importinggoodsproducedormanufacturedinonecountryforconsumptionorresaleinanother,（includingcashtransaction-bymeansofmoneyandmarket,andcountertrade）

4.Invisibletrade无形贸易：

Theformoftransportation,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,informationetc.iscalledinvisibletradeorserviceindustries.

5.FDI外国直接投资：

Foreigndirectinvestments.Returnsthroughcontrollingtheenterprisesorassetsinvestedinahostcountry./.Onecountryacquiresassetsinaforeigncountryforthepurposeofcontrollingandmanagingthem.

6.Portfolioinvestment证券投资:

Purchasesofforeignfinancialassetsforapurposeotherthancontrolling.

7.Stocks股票:

Capitalstocksorbonds.

8.Bonds债券:

Thepapersissuedbyagovernmentorafirmwithpromisetopaybackthemoneylentorinvestedtogetherwithinterest.

9.Maturity（票据等）至U期

10.Certificateofdeposit大额存单

11.Licensing许可经营:

Inlicensing,afirmleasestherighttouseits

intellectualpropertytoafirminanothercountry.Theychoose

licensingbecausetheydonothavetomakecashpaymentstostat

business,andcansimplyreceiveincomeintheformofroyalty.

12.Franchising特许经营:

Underfranchising,franchiseeisallowedto

operateinthenameofanother,franchiserwhoprovidestheformerwithtrademarks,brandnames,logosandoperatingtechniquesforroyalty.

13.TradeMark商标

14.Patent专利

15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税

16.Copyright版权

17.Licenser许可方

18.Licensee被许可方

19.Franchiser特许方:

Afirmwhoprovidesthefranchiseewithtrademarks,brandnames,logosandoperatingtechniquesforroyalty.

20.Franchisee被特许方:

Afirmisallowedtooperateinthenameof

another.

21.Managementcontract管理合同:

Underamanagementcontract,onecompany

offersmanagerialorotherspecializedservicestoanotherwithina

businessvolume.

22.Valuechain价值链

23.Turnkeyproject“交钥匙”工程:

Foraninternationalturnkeyproject,afirmsignsacontractwithaforeignpurchaserandundertakesallthedesigning,contractingandfacilityequippingbeforehandingitovertothelatteruponcompletion.

24.BOT建设、经营和移交:

Build,Operate,Transfer

25.Expertise专门知识

26.Bonus红利、奖金、津贴

27.Royalty许可使用费

28.Internationalinvestment国际投资:

Supplyingcapitalbyresidentsof

onecountrytoanother.

29.Contractmanufacturing承包生产

30.GATT关贸总协定:

GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade

31.Internationalbusiness国际商务:

Transactionbetweenpartiesfrom

differentcountries.Sometimesbusinessacrossthebordersofdifferentcustomsareasofthesamecountryisalsoregardedasimportandexport.

知识产权

particularperiodforaflatpaymentorapercentageoftherelevant

32.Intellectualproperty

33.Oildeposit:

石油储备=oilreserves

34.thereservesofnaturalresources自然资源储备

35.Personaladvancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。

Answerthefollowingquestions:

1.WhatdoesinternationalbusinessrefertoPleasetellthedifferencebetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness.

Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionbetweenpartiesfromdifferentcountries.Sometimesbusinessacrossthebordersofdifferentcustomsareasofthesamecountryisalsoregardedasimportandexport.

Somemajordifferencesbetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusinessisfollowing:

（1）Differencesinlegalsystems

（2）Differencesincurrencies

（3）Differencesinculturalbackground

（4）Differentinnaturalandeconomicconditions

2.Pleaseexplainthedifferencesbetweenvisibletradeandinvisibletrade.Whichisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantandaccountsforanincreasingproportionininternationaltrade

Visibletradeistheformofcommoditytrade.Theformoftransportation,communication,banking,insurance,consulting,informationetc.iscalledinvisibletradeorserviceindustries.Thelaterisbecomemoreandmoreimportant.

3.Canyoucitesomeexamplestoillustrateculturaldifferencesin

internationalbusiness

Culturaldifferencesincludinglanguage,customs,traditions,religion,value,behavioretc.

4.Pleaseelaborateonthetwocategoriesofinternationalinvestment.

Whatistheirmajordifference

FDI（Foreigndirectinvestment）ismadeforreturnsthroughcontrollingtheenterprisesorassetsinvestedininahostcountry.Portfolioinvestmentreferstopurchasesofforeignfinancialassetsforapurposeotherthancontrolling.Suchfinancialassetsmaybestocks,bondsorcertificatesofdeposit.

5.WhatislicensingWhydofirmssometimeschooseitasameansofenteringaforeignmarket

Inlicensing,afirmleasestherighttouseitsintellectualpropertytoafirminanothercountry.Theychooselicensingbecausetheydonothavetomakecashpaymentstostatbusiness,andcansimplyreceiveincomeintheformofroyalty.Besides,theycanbenefitfromlocationaladvantagesofforeignoperationwithoutanyobligationsinownershipormanagement.Theuseoflicensingisparticularlyencouragedbyhighcustomsdutyandnon-tariffbarriersonthepartofthehostcountry.

6.WhatisfranchisingHowisitdifferentfromlicensing

Underfranchising,franchiseeisallowedtooperateinthenameofanother,franchiserwhoprovidestheformerwithtrademarks,brandnames,logosandoperatingtechniquesforroyalty.Incomparisonwiththerelationbetweenthelicenserandthelicensee,thefranchiserhasmorecontroloverandprovidesmoresupportforthefranchisee.

7.WhatisamanagementcontractUnderwhatconditionsisitmostapplicable

Underamanagementcontract,onecompanyoffersmanagerialorotherspecializedservicestoanotherwithinaparticularperiodforaflatpaymentorapercentageoftherelevantbusinessvolume.Whenagovernmentforbidsforeignownershipincertainindustriesitconsiderstobeofstrategicimportancebutlackstheexpertiseforoperation,managementcontractsmaybeapracticalchoiceenablingaforeigncompanytooperateintheindustrywithoutowningtheassets.

8.WhatisaninternationalturnkeyprojectInwhatwayisitsvariant

BOTdifferentfromit

Foraninternationalturnkeyproject,afirmsignsacontractwithaforeignpurchaserandundertakesallthedesigning,contractingandfacilityequippingbeforehandingitovertothelatteruponcompletion.ForaBOTproject,afirmoperatesafacilityforaperiodoftimeafterbuildingitupbeforefinallytransferringittoaforeigncompany.MakingprofitfromoperatingtheprojectforaperiodisthemajordifferencebetweenBOTandthecommonturnkeyproject

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:

1.国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国

内贸易要复杂得多。

Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionbetweenpartiesformdifferentcountries.Itinvolvesmorefactorsandthusismorecomplicatedthedomesticbusiness.

2.随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。

因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展又有

益于个人的进步。

Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,fewpeopleorcompaniescancompletelystayawayfrominternationalbusiness.Therefore,someknowledgeinthisrespectisnecessarybothforthebenefitofenterprisesandpersonaladvancement.

3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同、承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。

Otherformsforparticipatingininternationalbusinessaremanagementcontract,contractmanufacturingandturnkeyproject.

4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口

到另一国进行消费或转售。

Internationalbusinessfirsttooktheformofcommoditytrade,.exportingandimportinggoodsproducedormanufacturedinonecountryforconsumptionorresaleinanother.

5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方

Besidestradeandinvestment,international

licensingandfranchising

are

sometimestakenasameansofenteringaforeignmarket.

Lesson2

IncomeLevelandtheWorldMarket

BusinessKnowledge:

（1）GNPandGDP

（2）PercapitaincomeandpercapitaGDP

（3）High-income,middleincomeandlow-incomecountries

A.Standardsforclassification

B.Representativecountries

（4）TriadandQuad

A.UnitedStates

B.WesternEurope

C.Japan

D.Canada

（5）OtherimportantmarketsforChina

TradeTerms:

1.GNP国民生产总值:

GrossnationalProduct.Themarketvalueofgoods

andservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidents

2.GDP国内生产总值:

GrossDomesticProduct.Themarketvalueofallgoods

andservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.

3.Nationalincome国民收入

4.Percapitaincome人均收入

5.PercapitaGDP人均国内生产总值:

Itiscalculatedbydividingitstotal

GDPbyitspopulation,whichrevealstheaverageincomelevelofconsumers.

6.PPP购买力平价:

Purchasingpowerparity

7.Consumerism消费主义

8.Incomedistribution收入分布:

Theproportionsofitsrich,middle

incomeandpoorpeople.

9.Infrastructure基础设施

10.Staplegoods大路货

11.Invoice（开）发票

12.Creditorcountry债权国

13.OECD经合组织，经济合作与开发组织:

OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment.

14.TheCommonwealthofIndependentStates独联体，独立国家联合体

ofaneconomy.

15.ASEAN东盟，东南亚国家联盟:

AssociationofSoutheastAsian

Nationals.

16.NIEs（亚洲四小虎）：

NewlyIndustrializedEconomies

17.Factorsofproduction生产要素

Answerthefollowingquestions:

1.ExplaintheconceptsofGNPandGDPrespectivelyandpointouttheir

majordifference.Canweusetheminterchangeably

GNP

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