文化教育类.docx

文化教育类.docx

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文化教育类

文化教育类

A

WeChinesearenotbighuggers.Ahandshakeorapatontheshoulderisenoughtoconveyourfriendshiporaffectiontooneanother.Sowhenournewly-acquaintedWesternfriendsreachoutinpreparationforahug,someofusfeelawkward.

Manyquestionsgothroughourhead.WhereshouldIputmyarms?

Undertheirarmpitsoraroundtheirneck?

WhatdistanceshouldImaintain?

Shouldourcheststouch?

It’sevenmoredifficultwithfriendsfromsomeEuropeancountries.ShouldIkissthemonthecheekwhilehugging?

Whichside?

Orisitbothcheeks?

WhichsideshouldIstarton?

Butitisn’tjustpeoplefromculturesthatemphasizeareservednessinexpressingphysicalintimacy（亲密）whofindhuggingconfusing.Hugscancausediscomfortorevendistressinpeoplewhovaluetheirpersonalspace.

InarecentarticleforTheWallStreetJournal,USpsychologistPeggyDrexlersaidthatalthoughtheUSremainsa“mediumtouch”culture—“morephysicallydemonstrativethanJapan,whereabowistheall-purposehelloandgoodbye,butlessdemonstrativethanLatinorEasternEuropeancultures,wherehugsarestrongandcanincludeakissonbothcheeks”,Americansdoseemtobehuggingmore.

Frompoliticianstocelebrities,hugsaregivenwilly-nillytofriends,strangersandenemiesalike;andthepublichasbeenquicktopickupthepractice.Publicfiguresknowthatnothingprojectsliketheabilityasagoodhug.USFirstLadyMichelleObamahasputherarmsaroundicyforeignleaderslikeRussianPrimeMinisterDmitryMedvedevandtheQueenofEngland,onthelatteroccasionactuallybreakingtheruleofroyalmanners.

Butnotallaregratefultobeembraced,evenbythemostinfluentialandfamous.Tothem,anyhugisoffensiveifit’snotsincere.

AmandaHess,writingforUSmagazineSlate,sayspublicfiguresshouldstopimposinghugsoneveryonetheymeet.Forthem,ahugisrarelyagestureofsincerefellowship,compassionoraffection.It’sallpartofashow.Hugsarefalselyintimatepowerplaysusedbypublicfigurestoestablishtheirsocialdominanceoverthoseintheirgrasp.

CeciliaWalden,aBritishjournalistwritingforTheTelegraphwholivesinNewYork,holdsthesameopinion.“Power-hugging”,asshecallsit,is“anoffenderdressedupaskindness”.IthasbecomeafashionintheUSwhere“bossesarealreadyembracingtheirstaff（eithershortlybeforeorafterfiringthem）,menandwomen,theirfriendsorenemies,inathousandcheatingdisplaysofunity”.

63.Fromthefirstfourparagraphs,wecanseethat___________.

A.weChinesepeopledon’tknowhowtohug

B.peoplefromEuropeancountriesoftengetpuzzledabouthugging

C.peopleinWesterncountriesseldomusehugstoexpresstheirphysicalcloseness

D.hugscanbringpressuretopeoplewhenusedimproperly

64.TheexampleofUSfirstladyMichelleObamaisgiventoshowthat__________.

A.Americansholda“mediumtouch”culture

B.publicfiguresknowhuggingfunctionswellinpublic

C.sheismuchlikedbyAmericanpeople

D.hugsareforbiddeninEngland

65.“Power-hugging”inthelastparagraphactuallymeansthat_________.

A.hugsareonlyusedsincerelybysomepeoplewithpower

B.huggingispowerfultobossesinUS

C.publicfiguressometimesusehuggingjustforashowofpower

D.publicfigurescanhuganyoneintheirgraspfreely

66.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Hugs,vitalornot?

B.Hugs,trickyaffair?

C.HugsandpublicfiguresD.Hugsandpower

【文章综述】拥抱对于一些人来说是温馨的感情表达，但并非所有人都能接受这种亲密的肢体接触。

对于一些政要名流而言，拥抱更是已经沦为一种作秀，变了味道。

【答案解析】

63.D。

解析：

细节理解题根据第四段拥抱这种肢体接触方式并不只是令那些文化背景相对保守的人们感到为难，同时也会为那些注重私人空间的人们带来不适，甚至是苦恼。

64.B。

解析：

细节理解题根据第六段第二句Publicfiguresknowthatnothingprojectsliketheabilityasagoodhug.公众人物深知没什么能比一个诚意十足的拥抱更能展现亲和力了

65.C。

解析：

词义猜测题根据本段anoffenderdressedupaskindness“强权拥抱”，故选C。

66.B。

解析：

标题确定题文章主要讲述了对于一些政要名流而言，拥抱更是已经沦为一种作秀，变了味道。

B

Isthereclearboundarybetweenscienceandtheliberalartsasamajorforcollegestudents?

Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisnotaneither/orproposition（命题）,althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.

Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsostressesthatthestudyofthehumanities（人文学科）andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralelementsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels.Botharecriticaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative（创新的）leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.

Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’jobprospects（前景）astechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatreducewagesandcutjobs.Underthiscircumstances,it’snaturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem.“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.

Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,asthereislittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalledupontoplaymanydifferentrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewhoseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytodrawuponeveryavailabletoolandinsight-pickedupfromscience,arts,andtechnology-tosolvetheproblemsofthefuture,andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatpresentthemselves,willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates.

72.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?

A.Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.

B.Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spirituallife.

C.STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.

D.ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.

73.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheso-calledsoftsubjects?

A.Theyareessentialtostudents’healthygrowth.

B.Theyimprovestudents’communicationskills.

C.Theybroadenstudents’rangeofinterests.

D.Theybenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.

74.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor?

A.Theacademicvalueofthecourses.

B.Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.

C.Theirchancesofgettingagoodjob.

D.Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.

75.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetocollegestudents?

A.Trytotakeavarietyofpracticalcourses.

B.Preparethemselvesfordifferentjoboptions.

C.Adoptaflexibleapproachtosolvingproblems.

D.Seizeopportunitiestotaptheirpotential.

【文章综述】这篇文章主要讲述人文学科和社会学科应该具有同样重要的地位，对于正在上大学的孩子应该多学些科目，多为未来做好准备。

【答案解析】

72.D。

解析：

细节题：

根据第一段的Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsostressesthatthestudyofthehumanities（人文学科）andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralelementsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels可知人文学科和社会学科应具有同样重要地位，故选D。

73.D。

解析：

推测题：

根据第二段的“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun可知这样的课程有利于学生的未来生活，故选D。

74.C。

解析：

细节题。

根据文章的第二段Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob可知选C。

75.B。

解析：

总结题。

通读此段，并根据文章的最后一句话可知多学些功课有利于孩子将来的谋生，故选B。

C

DavidThomasfailedallexamsandleftschoolwithnoqualifications,yetthis30-year-oldfire-fighterhasjustgoneintotheGuinnessBookofRecordsbyracingfrommemorizing22,500digitsofthemathematicalconstant．

Afterfivemonthsoftraining,inwhichhespenttenhoursadaymemorizingatotalofamilliondigits,DavidThomastookpartina16-hourmentalbattle．WitnesseswatchedinaweasThomassetanewEuropeanrecord,receivingthetitleMostPowerfulMemoryintheWesternHemisphere.

Davidsays,"WhenIwasatschoolIwashopeless．Icould'trememberanything,butnowIcanremembermorefactsthananyoneinEurope．"SohowdoesThomasdoit?

"OnenightIwaswatchingaTVprogrammedaboutaninterviewwithamancalledDominicO'Brien,whohadbeentheworldmemorychampionfivetimes．Heusedtobeagambler,andhewasn'tsuccessfuluntilhedevelopedhisownmentalmemoryaid,foreachcardinordertorememberwhichcardshadalreadybeendealtandwhichoneshadn't．"

ThomasbecamefascinatedbyO'Brien'stheorythatanyonecanimprovetheirmemorybyusingspecializedtechniques．Thesetechniquesinvolvelinkingeverythingtofamiliarpeopleorobjects．"Ifyouwanttorememberaphonenumberforexample,youhavetogivethenumberslife．

SometimesIassociateanumberwithaperson．Numberl0formeisalwaysthePrimeMouser（wholivesatnumber10DowningStreet）,"explainedDavid．IfDavidistryingtorememberfacts,helinksthemtoanimage．"Forinstance,ifIwastryingtomemorizethename'TomCruise',IwouldthinkofhisfilmTopCan,andthatleadsmetoimagesofgunsandCruisemissiles．"

DavidissoongoingtoappearonTV'sRecordBreakers,andthisweekheisteachingmemorytrainingandsp