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版高考二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二部分第二讲做出推理和判断推理判断题专题强化训练英语解析

A

（2019·安徽百所重点中学三模）I’vebeenavolunteerintheMacmillan@GlasgowLibrariesprogrammeforjustoverayear.IgotinvolvedbecauseIwaslookingforsomethingtovolunteerforafterIretiredfromwork.IthoughtbeingaMacmillanCancerInformationandSupportVolunteermightbeagoodwaytodothatbyusingsomeoftheskillsIlearnedatwork.

Atonetime,IfeltImadearealdifferencewhenaladycameintousetheservice.Shewasveryupset,butshewasnotthepersonwithcancer.Itwasherpartner.Shehadlotsofthingsonhermind.We,togetherwithacounselor,hadachatabouthertohelpdealwithalltheemotions（情感）shefelt.Weknewwecouldarrangesomething,sowediscussedwithherwhatcouldbedoneforherfamily.Shewasrelievedthatwecouldgetsomethingarrangedforherandlikedthefactthatwemanagedtogettheballrollingduringhervisit.

Thegoodthingabouthavingtheservicesinthelibraryisthattheenvironmentisnonclinicalandthereforemorerelaxingthanthehospitalordoctor’ssurgery.Theteaminthelibraryarenotmedicallytrained.Thatmeanswedonotusebigwordsormedicaltermsveryoften.

It’sgreatthatthepeoplewhovolunteerallworkwelltogether,helpingeachothertogetaresolution（解决）forpeoplewhocomein.It’sgoodtohavetheteamattheotherendofthephonewheneverwegetsomethingunusual.Itisapleasuretobeabletohelpasavolunteer.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。

作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。

1．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A．Heisaretireddoctor.

B．Heisvolunteeringinahospital.

C．Heisacounselorincancer.

D．Hehasfoughtagainstcancerbefore.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段的内容可知，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，可以推测出作者是一名退休医生。

2．Whydidtheladyfeelupset?

A．Becauseshewasaffectedbycancer.

B．Becauseherhusbandsufferedfromcancer.

C．Becauseshedidn’tknowhowtotreatcancer.

D．Becauseshehadapoorrelationwithherhusband.

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Shewasveryupset,butshewasnotthepersonwithcancer.Itwasherpartner.”和“wediscussedwithherwhatcouldbedoneforherfamily”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。

注意：

此处的“partner”表示“配偶”。

3．Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteers?

A．Theydowellinteamwork.

B．Theyreceivemedicaltraining.

C．Theyallusedtobehelped.

D．Theyoftenmeetunusualthings.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据最后一段的首句“It’sgreatthatthepeoplewhovolunteerallworkwelltogether,helpingeachothertogetaresolution（解决）forpeoplewhocomein.”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案。

由此推知，他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团队合作。

4．Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?

A．Tocallonreaderstodovoluntarywork.

B．Toshowushowtohelpthoseintrouble.

C．Tosharehisexperiencesasavolunteer.

D．Toteachushowtotakecareofcancerpatients.

C　解析：

写作意图题。

综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。

因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历。

B

（2019·湖北八校高三第二次联考）AwomangraspedherphonetoherheartthewayaministermightholdaBible.Shewasanxioustotakeapictureofabunchofflowersthatsatnot10feetaway,butfirstshehadtogetthroughacrowdofotherspushingtodothesame.ThecauseofthiswasBouquetstoArt,oneofthemostpopularannualeventsatthedeYoungMuseuminSanFrancisco.Forthe34thyear,artistswereaskedtocreateflowerbunchesthatrespondtopiecesofartondisplay,fromancientcarvingstocontemporarysculptures.It’stimetotakeaphototopostonInstagram,buttothepointthatithasbecomeaproblem.

Inrecentyears,thedeYoungreceivedmorethanathousandcomplaintsfrompeoplewhofeltthatcellphoneshadruinedtheirexperience.Infact,institutionsoffineartaroundtheworldfacesimilarproblemsasthedesiretotakephotographsbecomesahugedrawformuseumsaswellassomethingthatupsetssomeoftheirvisitors.SothedeYoungrespondedwithakindofcompromise:

carvingout“photofree”hoursduringtheexhibition’ssixdayrun.

Onecommoncomplaintintheongoingdebatesovertheeffectofsocialmediaonmuseumcultureisthatpeopleseemtobemissingoutonexperiencesbecausetheyaresobusycollectingevidenceofthem.ArecentstudyinthejournalPsychologicalSciencesuggeststhereissometruthtothis;itfoundthatpeoplewhotookphotosofanexhibitratherthansimplyobservingithadahardertimerememberingwhattheysaw.Buttheissueiscomplicatedfortheprofessionalsrunningmuseums.LindaButler,thedeYoung’sheadofmarketing,communicationsandvisitorexperience,acknowledgesthatnoteveryonewantsamuseumtobe“aphototakingplayland”.Yetalotofotherpeopledo,andshethinksthatthedeYoungisinnopositiontojudgethatonemotivationforbuyinga$28ticketismorevalidthananother.“Ifweremovedsocialmediaandphotography，”shesays,“wewouldriskbecominglesspopular.”Ifthisisabattle,signsindicatethattheprophonecrowd（亲手机人群）hasalreadywon.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍deYoung博物馆收到了很多关于在展馆内拍照的投诉，对此博物馆管理方作出回应，最终采取了一个折中的办法，即在展期内抽出“自由拍照”时间。

5．Whatwerethecrowdeagertodoinparagraph1?

A．ToholdaBible.

B．Toadmireflowers.

C．Totakeaphoto.

D．Toseetheexhibition.

C　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段第二句“Shewasanxioustotakeapictureofabunchofflowersthatsatnot10feetaway,butfirstshehadtogetthroughacrowdofotherspushingtodothesame.”可推知，人们都在忙于拍照。

故正确答案为C。

6．HowdidthedeYoungrespondtothecomplaints?

A．Bysettingperiodswithoutphototaking.

B．Bymakingtheexhibitionfreeofcharge.

C．Bycompromisingwithotherinstitutions.

D．Bygivingextratimetotakephotosfreely.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句“SothedeYoungrespondedwithakindofcompromise:

carvingout‘photofree’hoursduringtheexhibition’ssixdayrun.”可知，管理方规定在特定时间内不许拍照。

故正确答案为A。

7．Whatcanweinferabouttheuseofsocialmediainmuseumsaccordingtotherecentstudy?

A．Ituncoversthetruth.

B．Itaccumulatesevidence.

C．Itcausescomplaints.

D．Itplaysanegativerole.

D　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句“Onecommoncomplaintintheongoingdebatesovertheeffectofsocialmediaonmuseumcultureisthatpeopleseemtobemissingoutonexperiencesbecausetheyaresobusycollectingevidenceofthem.”及语境可推知，最近研究表明，在博物馆中使用社交媒介起到了负面作用。

故正确答案为D。

8．WhichofthefollowingmayLindaButlersupport?

A．Cateringtovisitors.

B．Reducingadmissionprices.

C．Reservingjudgementinpublic.

D．Banningsocialmediaandphotography.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第三段倒数第二句“‘Ifweremovedsocialmediaandphotography，’shesays,‘wewouldriskbecominglesspopular.’”可推知，LindaButler支持迎合游客的做法。

故正确答案为A。

[长难句分析]　Onecommoncomplaintintheongoingdebatesovertheeffectofsocialmediaonmuseumcultureisthatpeopleseemtobemissingoutonexperiencesbecausetheyaresobusycollectingevidenceofthem.（第三段第一句）

分析：

本句是一个主从复合句。

that引导表语从句；because引导原因状语从句。

译文：

在关于社交媒介对博物馆文化产生的影响的持续争论中，一个普遍的抱怨是人们似乎忽略了这种艺术体验，因为他们忙于收集（他们来过的）证据。

C

（2019·河北石家庄二中高三模拟考试）TechnologyoffersconveniencessuchasopeningthegaragedoorfromyourcarorchangingthetelevisionstationwithouttouchingtheTV.

NowoneAmericancompanyisofferingitsemployeesanewconvenience:

amicrochipimplantedintheirhands.Employeeswhohavethesechipscandoallkindsofthingsjustbywavingtheirhands.ThreeSquareMarketisofferingtoimplantmicrochipsinalloftheiremployeesforfree.Eachchipcosts$300andThreeSquareMarketwillpayforthechip.Employeescanvolunteertohavethechipsimplantedintheirhands.About70outof80employeeshavechosentodoso.Thepresidentofthecompany,hiswifeandtheirchildrenarealsogettingchipsimplantedintheirhands.

Thechipisaboutthesizeofagrainofrice.Implantingthechiponlytakesaboutasecondandissaidtohurtonlyverybriefly.Thechipsgoundertheskinbetweenthethumbandforefinger.Withachipinthehand,apersoncanentertheofficebuilding,buyfood,signintocomputersandmore,simplybywavingthathandnearascanner.Thechipswillbealsousedtoidentifyemployees.Employeeswhowantconvenience,butdonotwanttohaveamicrochipimplantedundertheirskin,canwearawristbandoraringwithachipinstead.Theycanperformthesametaskswithawaveoftheirhandsasiftheyhadanimplantedchip.

ThreeSquareMarketisthefirstcompanyintheUnitedStatestooffertoimplantchipsinitsemployees.Epicenter,acompanyinSweden,hasbeenimplantingchipsinitsemployeesforawhile.

ThreeSquareMarketsaysthechipcannottracktheemployees.Thecompanysaysscannerscanreadthechipsonlywhentheyarewithinafewinchesofthem.“Thechipsprotectagainstidentitytheft,similartocreditcards.”TheU．S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthechipsbackin2004,sotheyshouldbesafeforhumans,accordingtothecompany.

Inthefuture,peoplewiththechipsmaybeabletodomorewiththem,evenoutsidetheoffice.ToddWestbyisChiefExecutiveOfficerofThreeSquareMarket.Hesays,“Eventually,thistechnologywillbecomestandardizedallowingyoutousethisasyourpassport,publictransit,allpurchasingopportunities,etc.”

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了美国一家公司通过给员工手里植入一种芯片的方式来提高员工的工作效率，还介绍了该芯片的有关情况以及人们对它的看法。

9．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Thesubstitutesofthechips.

B．Thepotentialrisksofimplantingthechips.

C．Theplacestoimplantthechips.

D．Theadvantagesofthechips.

D　解析：

段落大意题。

通读本段可知，本段主要介绍了植入芯片后的好处，如方便购物、识别员工身份等。

故D项正确。

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph5referto?

A．Thehands.　　　　　　B．Thescanners.

C．Theemployees.D．Thecreditcards.

B　解析：

代词指代题。

根据第五段中的“thechipcannottracktheemployees.Thecompanysaysscannerscanreadthechipsonlywhentheyarewithinafewinchesofthem．”可知，芯片不能跟踪员工，但当芯片在距离扫描仪几英寸之内时，扫描仪就能读取芯片的信息。

由此可推知，画线词指代扫描仪。

故B项正确。

11．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．Thechipshavemagicpowers.

B．Thepriceofthechipsisreasonable.

C．Thechipsa