高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习13及答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习13及答案
2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(13)及答案
阅读理解----
ItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftencycletwomilesfrommyhousetothetowncentrebutunfortunatelythereisabighillontheroute.Hereplied,"Youmeanfortunately."HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladoftheextraexercisethatthehillprovided.
Myattitudetothehillhasnowchanged.IusedtogrumbleasIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlungs.Itwillhelpmetoloseweightandgetfit.ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.Thishillismyfriend.FinallyIcomfortmyselfwiththethoughtofallthosesillypeoplewhopaymoneytogotoagymandsitonstationeryexercisebicycleswhenIcallgetthesamevalueforfree.IhaveasmileofsatisfactionasIreachthetopofthehill.
Problemsaretheretobefacedandovercome.Wecannotachieveanythingwithaneasylife.HelenKellerwasthefirstdeafandblindpersontogainauniversitydegree.Heractivismandwritingprovedinspirational.Shewrote?
"Charactercannotbedevelopedineaseandquiet.Onlythroughexperiencesoftrialandsufferingcanthesoulbestrengthened,visioncleared,ambitioninspiredandsuccessachieved."
Oneofthemaindeterminantsofsuccessinlifeisourattitudetowardsadversity(逆境).Fromtimetotimeweallfacehardships,problems,accidents,afflictionsanddifficulties.Someareofourmakingbutmanyconfrontusthroughnofaultofourown.Whilewecannotchoosetheadversitywecanchooseourattitudetowardsit.
DouglasBaderwas21whenin1931hehadbothlegscutofffollowingaflyingaccident.Hewasdeter-minedtoflyagainandwentontobecomeoneoftheleadingflyingacesintheBattleofBritainwith22aerialvictoriesovertheGermans.Hewasaninspirationtoothersduringthewar.Hesaid,"Don'tlistentoany-onewhotellsyouthatyoucan'tdothisorthat.That'snonsense.Makeupyourmind,you'llneverusecrutches(拐杖)orastick,thenhaveagoateverything.Gotoschool,joininallthegamesyoucan.Goanywhereyouwantto.Butnever,neverletthempersuadeyouthatthingsaretoodifficultorimpossible."
Thebiographies(传记)ofgreatpeoplearefullofexamplesofhowtheytookstepstoovercomethedifficultiestheyfaced.Thecommonthreadisth
attheydidnotbecomedepressed.Theychosetheirattitude.Theychosetobepositive.Theytookonthechallenge.Theywon.
Nevertheless,thereisstilltheproblemofhowyouchangeyourattitudetowardsadversity.
57.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthorofthepassage?
A.Climbinghillsonbicyclesisthebestwaytofakeexercise.
B.Peoplearesillytopaytogotothegym.
C.Thosewhowanttoachievesuccesscantexpecttolivealleasylife.
D.People'sattitudetowardsadversityistheonlyfactorthatdetermineswhethertheywillsucceed.
58.ByquotingwhatDouglasBadersaid,theauthorintendstotellus"________."
A.FailureisthemotherofSuccess.
B.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.
C.Ifyouventurenothing,youwillhavenothing.
D.Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.
59.Followingthispassage,theauthorwillfurthertalkabout_____.
A.howhisfriendhelpedhimtochangehisattitudetowardstheadversityhefaced
B.whatstepstotaketochangeyourattitudetowardstheadversityyouface
C.whatgreatpeoplehaveincommon
D.whyitisimportanttokeepoptimisticinfaceofadversity
60.Whichofthefollowingcanbestfunctionasthetitleofthepassage?
A.FaceadversitywithasmileB.Differentattitudestowardsadversity
C.NothingisimpossibleD.Lifeisfullofadversity
参考答案
C8[2013·浙江卷]C
Thebabymonkeyismuchmoredevelopedatbirththanthehumanbaby.Almostfromthemomentitisborn,thebabymonkeycanmovearoundandholdtightlytoitsmother.Duringthefirstfewdaysofitslifethebabywillapproachandholdontoalmostanylarge,warm,andsoftobjectinitsenvironment,particularlyifthatobjectalsogivesitmilk.Afteraweekorso,however,thebabymonkeybeginstoavoidnewcomersandfocusesitsattentionson“mother”—therealmotherorthemother-substitute(母亲替代物).
Duringthefirsttwoweeksofitslifewarmthisperhapsthemostimportantpsychological(心理的)thingthatamonkeymotherhastogivetoitsbaby.TheHarlows,acouplewhoarebothpsychologists,discoveredthisfactbyofferingbabymonkeysachoiceoftwotypesofmother-substitutes—onecoveredwithclothandonemadeofbarewire.Ifthetwoartificialmothers
wereboththesametemperature,thelittlemonkeysalwayspreferredtheclothmother.However,ifthewiremodelwasheated,whiletheclothmodelwascool,forthefirsttwoweeksafterbirththebabymonkeyspickedthewarmwiremother-substitutesastheirfavor
ites.Thereaftertheyswitchedandspentmostoftheirtimeonthemorecomfortableclothmother.
W
hyisclothpreferabletobarewire?
SomethingthattheHarlowscalledco
ntact(接触)comfortseemstobetheanswer,andamostpowerfulinfluenceitis.Babymonkeysspendmuchoftheirtimerubbingagainsttheirmothers'skins,puttingthemselvesinasclosecontactwiththeparentastheycan.Whenevertheyounganimalisfrightened,disturbed,orannoyed,ittypicallyrushestoitsmotherandrubsitselfagainstherbody.Wiredoesn't“rub”aswellasdoessoftcloth.Prolonged(长时间的)“contactcomfort”withaclothmotherappearstogivethebabiesconfidenceandismuchmorerewardingtothemthaniseitherwarmthormilk.
AccordingtotheHarlows,thebasicqualityofababy'sloveforitsmotheristrust.Ifthebabyisputintoanunfamiliarplayroomwithoutitsmother,thebabyignoresthetoysnomatterhowinterestingtheymightbe.Itscreamsinterrorandcurlsupintoafurrylittleball.Ifitsclothmotherisnowintroducedintotheplayroom,thebabyrushestoitandholdsontoitfordearlife.Afterafewminutesofcontactcomfort,itobviouslybeginstofeelmoresecure.Itthenclimbsdownfromthemother-substituteandbeginstoexplorethetoys,butoftenrushesbackforadeepembrace(拥抱)asiftomakesurethatitsmotherisstillthereandthatalliswell.Bitbybititsfearsofthenewenvironmentaregoneanditspendsmoreandmoretimeplayingwiththetoysandlessandlesstimeholdingontoits“mother”.
50.Psychologically,whatdoesthebabymonkeydesiremostduringthefirsttwoweeksofitslife?
A.Warmth.B.Milk.
C.Contac
t.D.Trust.
51.Afterthefirsttwoweeksoftheirlife,babymonkeysprefertheclothmothertothewiremotherbecausetheformeris________.
A.largerinsize
B.closertothem
C.lessfrighteningandlessdisturbing
D.morecomfortabletorubagainst
52.Whatdoesthebabymonkeyprobablygainfromprolonged“contactcomfort”?
A.Attention.B.Softness.
C.Confidence.D.Interest.
53.Itcanbeinferredthatwhenthebabymonkeyfeelssecure,________.
A.itfrequentlyrushesbackforadeepembracewhenexploringthetoys
B.itspendsmoretimescreamingtogetrewards
C.itislessattractedtothetoysthoughtheyareinteresting
D.itcareslessaboutwhetheritsmotherisstillaround
54.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.
A.givethereasonsfortheexperiment
B.presentthefindingsoftheexperiment
C.introducethemethodoftheexperiment
D.describetheprocessoftheexperiment
【要点综述】这是一篇说明文。
作者主要向读者阐述了一个关于幼猴的实验发现。
50.A 考查细节理解。
从文章第一段“Duringthefirstfewdaysofitslife…ontoalmostanylarge,warm,andsoftobject…”可知,幼猴刚出生最需要的是温暖,所以选A项。
51.D 考查推理判断。
从第三段“Whyisclothpreferabletobarewire?
…Babymonkeysspentmuchoftheirtimerubbingagainsttheirmothers'skins…”推知,幼猴选择“布妈妈”,而不是“线妈妈”的原因在于相对于“线妈妈”而言,“布妈妈”皮肤接触起来更舒服,可能也更暖和,故选D项。
52.C 考查细节理解。
从第三段“Prolonged(长时间的)‘contactcomfort’withaclothmotherappearstogivethebabiesconfidenceand…”可知,长时间地与“布妈妈”接触,增加了幼猴的自信心,因此C项是最佳答案。
53.D 考查推理判断。
从最后一段“Ifitsclothmotherisnowintroduced…itobviouslybeginstofeelmoresecure.Itthenclimbsdownfrom…andlessandlesstimeholdingontoits‘mother’.”推知,当幼猴看到“布妈妈”后,它会觉得有安全感,从而在行为上会放松起来,从而越来越喜欢玩玩具,而减少与“母亲”接触的时间,所以D项正确。
54.B 考查写作意图。
文章主要介绍了一个关于幼猴的实验结果,因此作者在文章中是要呈现这个结果给读者,所以B项为最佳答案。
阅读理解
Myfatherwasaforemanofasugar-caneplantationinRioPiedras,PuertoRico.Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithabroomstick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.
Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,Ihadtobeontimeeverydayandworkash
ardasIcould.I’veneverbeenlateforanyjobsince.Ialsolearnedaboutbeingrespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleyouworkfor.Moreimportant,Iearnedmypay;itneverenteredmymindtosayIwassickjustbecauseIdidn’twanttowork.
Iwasonlysixyearsold,butIwasdoingaman’sjob.Ourfamilyneededeverydollarwecouldmakebecausemyfatherneverearnedmorethan$18aweek.Ourhomewasathree-roomwoodshackwithadirtyfloorandnotoilet.Nothingmademeprouderthanbringinghomemoneytohelpmymother,father,twobrothersandthreesisters.Thisgavemeself-esteem(自尊心),oneofthemostimportantthing
sapersoncanhave.
WhenIwasseven,Igotworkatagolfcoursenearourhouse.Myjobwastostanddownthefairwayandspottheballsastheylanded,sothegolferscouldfin
dthem.Losingaballmeantyouwerefired,soInevermissedone.SomenightsIwouldlieinbedanddreamtofmakingthousandsofdollarsbyplayinggolfandbeingabletobuyabicycle.
ThemoreIdreamed,themoreIthought.Whynot?
Imademyfirstgolfcluboutofguavalimb(番石榴树枝)andapieceofpipe.ThenIhammeredanemptytincanintotheshapeofa