高考英语二轮增分策略专题四阅读表达优选习题.docx

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高考英语二轮增分策略专题四阅读表达优选习题.docx

高考英语二轮增分策略专题四阅读表达优选习题

专题四阅读表达

阅读表达的题材和体裁与传统的阅读短文没有太大的区别,长度也大致相同或者比传统的阅读短文略短,文章的结构层次性更强。

问题类型多样。

总的来讲,大约有6种问题类型,即5+X:

1.主旨概括题:

它要求概括出文章的某一段、或整篇文章的大意、标题或作者的写作意图等。

出题方式主要有:

(1)Whatisthemainideaofthearticle/Paragraph1?

(2)Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

(3)Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext/passage?

(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout/discuss?

(5)Forwhatpurposedoestheauthormention...inParagraph1?

2.同义句替换题:

它要求根据所给出的英文句子,寻找短文中意思相同的句子。

出题方式主要有:

(1)Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

(2)Whichsentenceinthetextistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?

(3)Pleasefindoutthesentencewhichcanbereplacedbythefollowingone.

3.完成句子题:

它要求利用上下文,将短文中的空白处用合适的词、短语或句子补充完整,使短文通畅。

出题方式主要有:

(1)Pleasefillintheblankinthepassagewithproperwords.

(2)FillintheblankinParagraph3withproperwords.

4.句子翻译题:

它要求将短文中划线的句子翻译成通顺的汉语。

出题方式主要有:

Translatetheunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraph/passageintoChinese.

5.封闭型问题:

结合文中具体依据进行回答。

出题方式主要有:

(1)Whatadviceisgiveninthethirdparagraph?

(nomorethan10words)

(2)AccordingtoParagraph2,howdoestheauthorsettletheproblem?

(nomorethan20words)

(3)Whatarethereasonsfortheproblemaccordingtothepassage?

(nomorethan10words)

6.开放型问题:

结合个人观点态度进行表述。

出题方式主要有:

(1)Whatwouldyoudoifyouwere...?

(2)Howwouldyousolvetheproblemifyouwere...?

(3)Whatothersuggestionswouldyougivetosolvetheproblemmentioned?

1.主旨概括题

这类问题要求我们理解全文后对文章标题或大意进行概括。

我们要做到:

(1)在概括标题时,要做到精辟、简洁,注意书写格式和词数限制。

标题可以概括成短语,有时也可是一个短句。

书写时有三种形式:

①标题的开头字母大写,其他所有字母都小写;②标题第一个单词和实词的首字母要大写;③全部字母都大写。

可任选其一。

(2)在概括文章大意时,我们要从整体上把握作者的观点、态度,捕捉与题目相关的信息。

抓住文章的首尾段和各段的首尾句是做好该题的关键。

2.同义句替换题

做此类题目时一定要分析所给句子的结构、含义、实际用意,在文章中找句子时一定要通读上下文,切不可断章取义。

找到的同义句必须准确、全面,不能增加或减少内容。

在抄写过程中一定不能出现漏掉单词、字母、标点符号等现象。

3.完成句子题

语境和上下文之间的逻辑关系是回答该类问题的关键。

语句间的逻辑性是我们解决这类问题的着眼点,要找出语句间的一些递进、并列、对比、转折、因果等的关系,在理解全文的基础上把握上下文之间的逻辑关系,要充分考虑整句话的语言环境,特别注意上下、前后句子的弦外之意,确定需要填写的是短语还是完整句子,并注意书写时的问题,如大小写等。

该类问题的词数要求会比较少,所以语言一定要简练;做完题目后一定要用“代入法”进行验证,看是否符合文章逻辑和作者的意图。

4.句子翻译题

做此类题目要分析句子结构,遵循忠实通顺的原则,表达完整;注意英汉语序的差异,译文要符合汉语表达习惯;关键词务必要翻译出来,语言要简练。

5.封闭型问题

面对该类问题,我们可以结合文中的具体依据进行回答,答案是固定的、唯一的。

6.开放型问题

面对该类问题,我们可以依据自己的看法结合对原文的理解作出回答,注意扬长避短,避难就易。

1

(2018·天津)

Somepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountains.Somepeopleliveonlydreamingaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatall.Butonethingiscertain,allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlife.

WhenIwasalittlegirl,myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain.Onedayafterschool,whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain,Ialmostfellonasetofstairs.Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?

CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps.

Iclimbedandclimbed.Therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps.Ihadtoreachthetop!

Butitwasnowgettingrealdark.IfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywayback.MymumwouldbeworriedsickifIdidn’tcomehomesoon.SoIranbackhomealmostinthedarkwhiletryingnottogettooscared.

AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.Couldtherebeacastleupthere?

MaybeIwouldfindamonster(怪物).MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome.Or,maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!

Butsomethinginsidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost.Icouldhardlywaittotrythisadventureagain.

Nowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythe“can’tdo”attitudes.Weallfalldown.Weallhavedoubtsandregrets.Stillwemustclimbanddreamaboutwhat’satthetopofourmountain.Monstersmayappearorthenightwillfall.Butneverevergiveuponyourdream!

Neverletanyonetellyou,“Youcan’t.”Dreambigandclimbhigh!

56.Whatmadetheauthorstarttoclimbupthestairstothemountaintop?

(nomorethan5words)

Curiositymadeherdoso./Thedesiretoexplore.

57.Whydidtheauthorhurrybackhomewithoutreachingthetopofthemountain?

Givetworeasons.(nomorethan15words)

Becauseitwasgettingdark,andshedidn’twanthermothertoworryabouther./Becauseshewasscared,andmightnotbeabletofindher/thewaybackhome.

58.HowwouldyoudescribetheauthorintermsofpersonalitiesaccordingtoParagraph4?

(nomorethan10words)

Shehadrichimaginationandshewasbrave./Shewasabraveanddeterminedgirlwithrichimagination./Shewasimaginativeanddetermined,andshedaredtoexplore./Shewasimaginative,adventurousanddetermined.

59.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?

(nomorethan5words)

Weallsometimesfail./Wefacefailure/defeat/hardships/challengesinlife./Therearedifficulties/barriers/obstaclesinlife./Werunintotroublesometimes./Wehavetroubleinlife.

60.What’syourattitudetowardsthe“mountain”inyourlife?

Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)

IwilltrytoreachmygoalbecauseIwanttoliveanexcitinglife./Iwilltrytoreach/gettothetopofthe“mountain”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.

2

(2017·天津)

Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.Iwouldscream,“Ihateyou!

”Dadwouldyellback,“Good!

Idon’tcare!

”DeepdownIknewhedid.

Onetimeataparty,Idranktoomuchalcoholandgotsosick.Isaid,“Callmydad.”Nextthing,Dadwascarryingmetothecar.Iwokeupthenextmorning,thinkingIwoulddefinitelybecriticised.Asexpected,Igotaroasting,butInowunderstandwhyIneededdiscipline.

Dadwas29whenhegothisbigrolesinfilms.Ihadanearlystartattheageofninewitharoleina1990sTVseries,butitwasn’tuntilIfinishedfilmstudiesthatIpursuedmycareerasanactress.LikethoseearlydaysforDad,Ifacedlotsofrejections.Workinginsuchacompetitiveindustry,I’vesometimesthought,“Ican’tdothisanymore.”

Once,afteratriptoHollywood,IreturnedtoAustraliasodepressedandspentmonthsinmybedroompainting,listeningtoEckhartTolle’smusicandtryingtofindmyselfagain.Dadsatmedownandsaid,“Alice,Iknowit’shard,butit’sallaboutpersistence(坚持不懈).”

NowIgettoworkwithDadalot,whichIlove.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.Ifitweren’tforDad,Iwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday.He’smybiggestfan,andwhenyouhavethatinyourlifeyoucangoalongway.

56.WhatrulesdidAlice’sfathersetforherwhenshewasgrowingup?

(nomorethan15words)

Sheshouldmakeherbed,doherhomeworkanddrinknoalcohol./Makingherbed,doingherhomeworkanddrinkingnoalcohol.

57.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?

(nomorethan5words)

Igot/wascriticised/scolded.

58.WhatdidAlice’sfatherdowhenshefeltdepressed?

(nomorethan5words)

Heencouraged/comforted/inspiredher.

59.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatdoAliceandherfatherhaveincommon?

(nomorethan10words)

Theyarebothpassionateaboutactingandinterestedinpeople.

60.WhatdoyouthinkofAlice’sfather?

Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)

Heisagood/devoted/caring/lovingfatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.或Heisalwayssupportive/asourceofstrength.Wheneversheisintrouble,heisthereforher.

3

(2016·天津)

I’ma34-year-oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant.Butmylifewasnotalwayssogreat.Ihadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelp.Still,Isufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschools.

MylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredart.Theartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwords.Iwenttoaworkshopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay(黏土).HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:

disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.

Igotmynextlessonfromrockclimbing.ItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestart.Isoonnoticeditwasn’tatalentthing;itwaspractice.SoIdiditmore.Afteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing,IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwall.Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.

LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.EverydayIpracticedreadingandwriting,whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossible.Aftertwohardyears,Iwasliterate.

Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI’vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown,hard,butinteresting.

56.Whatmadetheauthor’sschooldaysdifficult?

(nomorethan5words)

Hislearningdisability./Or:

Havingalearningdisability./Or:

Thathewaslearningdisabled./Or:

Thathehadalearningdisability.

57.Whydidartgivetheauthorconfidence?

(nomorethan10words)

Becausehecouldbesmartandexpresshimselfwithclay./Or:

Becauseartcouldhelphimexpresshimselfwithoutwords./Or:

Becausehecouldwellexpresshimselfwithclay/art.

58.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing?

(nomorethan15words)

Ifyouenjoysomethingandkeepdoingit,youwillgetbetteratit./Or:

Themoreyoupracticesomething,thebetteratityouwillbecome./Or:

Practicemakesperfect./Or:

Practiceleadstosuccess.

59.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph4?

(nomorethan5words)

Icouldreadandwrite.

60.Howdoestheauthor’sstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinlife?

Putitinyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)

Weshouldnotlos

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