成人本科学士学位英语考试附答案.docx

成人本科学士学位英语考试附答案.docx

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成人本科学士学位英语考试附答案

成人本科学士学位英语考试_附答案

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Isthat6a.m.workoutgettinginthewayofgoodsleep?

Don'tthinkyourfatcells

won'tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine（amedical

journal）findsthatinadequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcalls,reducingtheirabilitytorespondtoinsulin（胰岛素）byabout30percent.Overthelong-term，thisdecreasedresponsecouldset-thestagefortype-2diabetes（amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood）,fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.

Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere's“anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood，healthybodyweight”sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellem，directoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevy

Chase，Maryland.（76）ButAmericansdon'tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseven

toninehourspernight.Morethan1in5ofus，accordingtoareportformtheCentersforDisease

ControlandPrevention，isgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight，onaverage.

SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?

MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung，thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsin

asleeplab.“Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight，”saysBrady.Then，amonthlater，theycamebackforfouradditionalnights—butthistimetheywereallowedjust4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit，researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.（77）

Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep.“Iwasverysurprised

tobehonest，”hesays.

Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.“Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend，”hesays.“They'retheretostorelipids（血脂）.”Whenlipidsstayinsidethe

cells，yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou'reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday.

“However，whenfatcellsstarttobecomeinsulinresistant，thelipidsstarttoleachoutofthefat

cellsandriseinthebloodstream，”Bradysays.

1.Accordingtothepassage，lackofthesleepforalongwhilecanprobablyleadtoallofthe

followingEXCEPT.第一段最后一句

A.heartdiseaseB.weightgainC.diabetesD.liverdisease

2.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis.第一句

A.howtowriteamedicalresearchpaperB.howtoavoidsleeploss

C.howtheresearchwasconductedD.howtoconductamedicalexperiment

3.Whatdoestheword“leach”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.LeapB.Lead.C.Lead.D.Leak.泄露

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Wewillbeintroubleifourfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.

B.Moreandmorestudiesaredonetostudythelinkbetweensleepandweight.

C.Morethan20%ofAmericansarenetgettingenoughsleep.

D.Fatcellsaretheretohelpusmaintainagoodhealth.

5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.PoorSleepMayLeadtoTooMuchStoredFatandDisease

B.SleepExpertsHadExcitingFindingsinaFatStudy

C.AmericansShouldHaveMoreThanSixHoursofSleep

D.BadThingsHappenifFatCellsBecomeOurFriend这篇短文讲睡眠的重要性，不足的睡眠会引起种种不良的后果。

76句的翻译是：

但是美国人似乎仍不明白：

我们每晚需要7至9小时的睡眠

77句的翻译是：

布莱德解释说：

脂肪细胞对睡眠的减少会产生强烈的反应。

1至5题的答案是：

ACDDB

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30℉andthe

sunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic（北极）ishome.

（78）Polarbearshavethickfur，bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwell

preparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact，theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival.But

climatechangeiscausinglargerandlargerareasofsummerseaicetomelt（融化）.Expertssay

thatifwarmingpatternscontinue，theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Theymay

causetwo-thirdsoftheworld's20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.

Polarbearscan'tsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplace

wherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.（79）Althoughthesebearsarestrongswimmers,

theyarenomatchforlightningswiftsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlycleverstrategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebearwaitsmotionlessbesideaseal's

breathinghole，whichisanarrowtunnelthroughtheice.Oftenmanyhourspassbeforethesealcomesupforairandthebearkillsitwithapowerfulblowofitspaw.Insummer,thepolarbearsthatliveonlandeatverylittleandwaitfortheseaicetoreturn.

Withtheseaiceforminglaterintheyearandmeltingearlier，polarbearsdonothaveenough

opportunitytohuntandeat.Lessseaicemakesitharderforthebearstocatchtheseals.The

bearsmustswimlongerdistancesbetweenicepacks（大片浮冰），andtheycan'talwaysmakeit.

Theiceisalsogettingthinner.Theseconditionscancausepolar-bearcubstobecomeseparatedformtheirmothers,whoprovidethemwithfood.

StevenAmstrupisthechiefscientistofPolarBearsInternational.Thegroupaimstosavethe

bearsandtheirhome.“Themorepeoplewhoseepolarbearsandunderstandtheirdifficultsituation,thebetterthechancewe'llalterourwarmingpathintimetosavethem,”hesays.

6.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ClimateChangeintheArctic

C.TheArcticIsHometoPolarBears

B.Howto'ProtecttheEnvironmentD.PolarBearsinDanger

7.Wheredopolarbearsusuallyhuntseals?

A.Onland.

B.Inopenwatar.

C.Inopeningsintheseaice.

D.Atthebottomofthesea.

8.Theword“cubs”inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Starvingpolarbearsareincreasinglycomingintovillages,wheretheymaybekilledeitherforfoodorsafety.

B.Polarbearscanspendtheirentirelivesonlandiftheseaicemeltscompletely.

C.Two-thirdsoftheworld'spolarbearsmaydisappearby2050asglobalwarming

continues.

D.Thegrowingdistancebetweenicepacksisnotaproblemforpolarbears,becausetheyareexcellentswimmers.

10.What'sthemissionofPolarBearsInternational?

A.Savingenergy.B.Conductingscientificresearch.

C.Seekinginternationalcooperation.D.Savingpolarbearsandtheirhome.

这篇短文讲地球变暖使北极熊处境危险。

78句的翻译是：

北极熊有厚密的皮毛、宽大的脚掌以及其他特征，这些特征使他们能够适应艰苦的环境。

79句的翻译是：

尽管北极熊是游泳健将，在水中，他们也无法与快速的敏捷的海豹匹敌。

6至10题的答案是：

DCBCD

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate（有读写能力的）withoutanyformalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach，whichwouldleavetheir

childrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophy

oncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseen

assomehowdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?

Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis（耳濡目染）inanyschool,butasateacher

andprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhenthey

acquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:

qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue（美德）.

Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed（使融入）itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocovera

mistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.（80）It'salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.

Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempt

tostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenastudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,”thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!

”wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:

“Whenyou're

walkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?

”

11.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.'

B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.

C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.

D.RoleplaysareanexcellentwayofgettingstudentstopracticetheirEnglish.

12.Wecaninferfromthefirstperagraphthat.

A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationis

B.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschools

C.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerally