学年人教版英语必修第一册 UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures.docx

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学年人教版英语必修第一册 UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures.docx

学年人教版英语必修第一册UNIT4SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures

SectionⅢ DiscoveringUsefulStructures

supply n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品

vt.供应;供给

(教材P52)Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.

向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。

(1)school/medicalsupplies  学校用品/医疗用品

(2)supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物

supplysb.withsth.为某人提供某物

①Thewatersupplyhasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes.

因工人们在修主要管道,水资源供应被切断。

②TheInternetsuppliesalotofinformationtouseveryday.

因特网每天给我们提供很多信息。

③Thereisnoneedtoworry.Wecansupplyyou_withwhateveryouneed.

=Thereisnoneedtoworry.Wecansupplywhateveryouneedto_you.

没有必要担心,我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。

survive vi.生存;存活

vt.幸存;艰难度过

(教材P52)She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.

她在喂在地震中幸存的婴儿。

(1)AsurviveB(by)...  A比B活得长……

surviveon依靠……生存下来

survivefrom从……存活下来,流传下来

(2)survivorn.幸存者

survivaln.[U]幸存;[C]残存物

①Ofthesixpeopleinjuredintheterribleaccident,onlytwosurvived.

在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中,只有两人活了下来。

②Thetravelertrappedinthelonelyislandsurvivedonthefishcaughtinthesea.

被困在孤岛上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的鱼生存了下来。

③Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.

有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。

④Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothersbytenyears.

那位老妇人比她所有的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。

Hewastheonlysurvivorinthatbadaccident,andafterthesurvival,hehasbeenlivingahappyandhealthylife.

关系代词引导的限制性定语从句

用适当的关系代词填空

1.(教材P50)Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.

2.(教材P50)Twothirdsofthepeoplewho_livedthereweredeadorinjured.

3.(教材P50)Thenumberofpeople_whowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.

4.(教材P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

5.(教材P50)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

6.(教材P52)AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.

      定义

1.在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

2.关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)两类。

      关系代词的基本用法

1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。

◆Thechildrenwhowereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。

(作主语)

◆Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.

丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。

(作宾语)

2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。

◆Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshouldcareabout.

罗丝是你应该关心的人。

◆Theboy(who/whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.

老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。

3.whose既可以指人,也可以指物,表示“所属”关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。

◆Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.

任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。

(修饰人)

◆Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.

他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。

(修饰物)

[即时演练1]——关系代词填空

①Thewomanwhoisshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor.

②Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please.

③ThegirlwhograduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda.

④Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.

⑤Theoldmanwhom/whoyouspoketoisafamousdoctor.

4.which指事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

◆Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.

中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。

(作主语)

◆Theradio(which)heboughtyesterdaydoesn’twork.

他昨天买的收音机坏了。

(作宾语)

◆ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived.

这是我曾经住过的房子。

(作介词in的宾语)

5.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。

习惯上指人多用who,whom,指物多用which。

◆Thisisthenovelthatinterestsme.

这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。

(指物,作主语)

◆Themagazine(that)Iboughtyesterdayislost.

我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。

(指物,作宾语)

◆Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。

(that指人,作主语)

关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语,因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。

[译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。

[误]Thefilm(that/which)wesawitlastnightisveryfrightening.

[正]Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisveryfrightening.

[即时演练2]——关系代词填空

①Look,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet.

②Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?

③Thepicturewhich/thatwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.

      关系词只能用that而不用which的情况

1.当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,much等不定代词时。

◆HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?

李老师讲的你都记下来了吗?

◆Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

所有能做的都做了。

2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

◆ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.

在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

◆ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.

这是我吃过的最美味的食物。

3.先行词被all,every,no,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。

◆I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.

我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。

◆Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。

◆IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.

我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。

4.当先行词既指人,又指物时。

◆Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.

我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。

[即时演练3]——完成句子

①这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。

Thisisthemostbeautifulparkthat_I_have_visited.

②她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。

Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeoplethat_she_was_interested_in.

③聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。

Chattingwasthe_only_thing_thatinterestedhermost.

单句语法填空

1.LastweekendmyroommatesandItalkedaboutthehappydaysthat/whichwehadincollege.

2.Jakeusedtobeabraveboythat/whom/whohisteachersalwayspraised.

3.Ann’sparentsallowedAnntohelpJohnwhosefamilywaspoor.

4.Theyhavegotarobotthat/whichcantakecareoftheoldandbabies.

5.Lucycalledherbrotherthat/whom/whoshehadn’tspokentoforfiveyears.

6.Thefirefighterrescuedthosewhoweretrappedinthelift.

7.IvisitedthecouplelastweekwhosedaughterisstudyingintheUnitedStates.

8.ItisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread.

9.Therearemanythingsthat/whichIneedtobuybeforethetriptoFrance.

10.Martindidn’tbuythenewcellphonewhosepricewastoohighforhim.

11.DoyoulikethefilmTitanicwhosemusicisverybeautiful?

12.I’mnotinterestedinthestorythat/whichisaboutthetriptothemoon.

13.OneHundredYearsofSolitudeisthemostwonderfulbookthatIhavereadsofar.

14.Whenshecamenear,Ifoundthatshewasoneofmyclassmatesthat/whom/whoIhadnotmetsincegraduation.

15.Todaytherearelotsofvideogamesthat/whicheatupourtime.

16.Lucylikesthewomanwriterwhosebooksteachheralot.

17.Johnsonisthestudentwhom/who/thathisteachersareproudof.

18.Iwon’tdoanythingthatharmsmeormyfriendsforever.

19.AllthestoriesthatMrs.Yangwrotehavesomethingtodowithteenagers.

20.Aliceisoneofthegirlsinourschoolwhohavewontheprizethreetimes.

语法与写作

请将下列句子升级为含定语从句的复合句。

1.Wearegoingtointerviewthewriter.Hisnewnovelhasbeenwellreceivedbythepublic.

We_are_going_to_interview_the_writer_whose_new_novel_has_been_well_received_by_the_public.

2.Thewashingmachineisoutoforder.Mrs.Greenboughtthewashingmachineamonthago.

The_washing_machine_(that/which)_Mrs._Green_bought_a_month_ago_is_out_of_order.

3.Thepolicearelookingforthelittlegirl.Thelittlegirlgotlostyesterday.

The_police_are_looking_for_the_little_girl_that/who_got_lost_yesterday.

4.Thegirlismakingaspeechunderthenationalflag.Thegirlisourmonitor.

The_girl_who/that_is_making_a_speech_under_the_national_flag_is_our_monitor.

5.TheyvisitedPeteryesterday.Peter’slegwasinjuredinacaraccident.

They_visited_Peter_yesterday_whose_leg_was_injured_in_a_car_accident.

6.Ivaluethecellphone.Myauntgavemethecellphoneasmybirthdaygiftlastweekend.

I_value_the_cellphone_(that/which)_my_aunt_gave_me_as_my_birthday_gift_last_weekend.

7.Susanisclever.Susan’sdreamistobecomeafamoussinger.

Susan,_whose_dream_is_to_become_a_famous_singer,_is_clever.

8.Marycan’tbelievethenews.Tonytoldherthenewsjustnow.

Mary_can’t_believe_the_news_(that/which)_Tony_told_her_just_now.

阅读理解

A

OnJan.11,amothernamedAmyCalhounhadanextremelyscaringexperiencebeforeaneighborcametohelpher.Afterdrinkingmilkandasmallamountofjuice,her7weekoldsonOliverbegantocry.Hismothergentlypatted(拍打)hisback.Thenhevomited(呕吐).ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose.Hecouldn’tbreathe.

Calhounrandownstairs.Shelaidhimonthehardfloorandwentoutsideandshoutedforhelp.ShetriedCPR.Shewasn’tdoingitright.Shewentoutsideandshoutedagainforhelp.Sheturnedaround.Oliverwasblue.Hiseyeswereclosed.“Hewasgone,”shesaid.Thenextthingsheknewwasthatastrangerwasthere.“Idon’tevenrememberseeinghimcomein,”shesaid.MarcusBrewerrantothehome.Calhounwascrying.Hesawthelifelessbaby.“Shewasjustsaying,‘Mybaby’sdead.’”hesaid.“That’sallIrememberhersaying.”

Brewer,aformervolunteerfirefighter,toldhertocalmdownandtellhimwhathadhappened.HepickedOliverup.Oliver’sarmsandlegshungloosely.Brewerturnedhimoverandstronglypattedhisback.Hesucked(吸)outthevomitandperformedCPR.Afterawhile,BrewersawOliver’sdarkbluelipsshake.AndCalhounheardOlivercry.Oliverhadbeenbroughtbacktolifejustbeforetheambulancearrived.CalhounandherbabyweremovedtoMedicalCenter,wherethedoctorssaidhewasperfectlyhealthy.

Calhounthoughttheincidentcouldbealesson,andencouragedeveryonetolearnCPR.“Theremightbeonedaywhenyou’llhavetouseittosavealovedoneorastranger,”shesaid.“Ifitweren’tforhim,mysonwouldnotbehererightnow.”AsOlivergetsolder,sheplanstotellhimhisstory.

【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。

一个7周大的婴儿因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸,邻居赶来对其实施急救,从而使婴儿得救。

1.WhydidOliverstopbreathing?

A.Hedrankbadmilkandjuice.

B.Somethingharmedhislung.

C.Somethingwasstuckinhisnose.

D.Hismotherwronglypattedhim.

C 解析:

细节理解题。

根据第一段的“ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose.Hecouldn’tbreathe.”可知,Oliver因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸。

2.Calhoundidn’tnoticeBrewercomeintothehomeprobablybecause________.

A.shewas

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