高考一轮北师版英语 课后分层集训 选修7 Unit 21 Human Biology B卷.docx

高考一轮北师版英语 课后分层集训 选修7 Unit 21 Human Biology B卷.docx

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高考一轮北师版英语课后分层集训选修7Unit21HumanBiologyB卷

课后分层集训

选修7　Unit21　HumanBiology（B卷）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2017·福建高中毕业班质检）TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）saidthatprocessedmeatmaybecarcinogenic（致癌）．Doyoustilldareeatcancerlinkedprocessedmeat?

Herearesomecommentsonthewebsite.

Bill（Australia）I'dratherliveashort，pleasantlifethanalong，unhappyone，denying（拒绝给予）myselftastyfoodjustbecausesomeexpertssayit'snothealthy.Weshouldallenjoytheonelifewehave—ifIhadlistenedtoeverypieceofhealthadviceIwouldnevergoanywhere，eatanythingorenjoylifeinanyway.So，Iwon'tchangemyhabit.Iamgoingtohaveabaconsandwich，glassofwine，burger，canofcokewheneverIfeellikeit.

Tim（America）Ismeatreallyasbadassmoking？

Idon'tthinkso.AccordingtotheWHO34，000peopledieworldwideperyearbecausetheyeatprocessedmeat.In2012，8.2millionpeoplediedofcancerworldwide.Thatmeansifyoueatalotofprocessedmeatyouhaveachanceofbeingamongthe0.41percentofpeopledyingofcancerbecauseofprocessedmeat.I'lltakethechance.

Helen（Switzerland）TheWHOdoesn'tsaythatjustonebiteofmeatcausescancer，itisrathersayingthatpeopleshouldvarytheirdiet.Peoplewhoeatmoremeatoftenhaveotherunhealthyhabits.Theyusuallyeatfewerfruitsandvegetablesandtheyalsooftenexerciseless.

Van（China）Perhapsthisreportwillmakepeopleconsiderbecomingvegetarians（素食者）．Soforyourhealth，theenvironmentandfuturegenerations，itisnotdifficult;itjustneedsachangeofattitude.Thereisavastvarietyofotherdeliciousfoodavailabletoenjoy.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一些网民对于世界卫生组织公布的食用加工肉制品可能致癌这一信息的个人看法。

1．WhatifBillhastochangehishabit?

A．He'llfeelunhappy.

B．He'llliveapleasantlife.

C．He'llgoonadiet.

D．He'llbecomeavegetarian.

A　[推理判断题。

根据第二段的“I'dratherliveashort，pleasantlifethanalong，unhappyone，denying（拒绝给予）myselftastyfoodjustbecausesomeexpertssayit'snothealthy.”可推知，Bill如果改变目前的饮食习惯，他会不开心的。

]

2．WhatdoesTimthinkabouteatingprocessedmeat?

A．Toorisky.B．Fairlysafe.

C．Popularworldwide.D．Veryunhealthy.

B　[推理判断题。

根据第三段的“Ismeatreallyasbadassmoking？

Idon'tthinkso.”和“Thatmeansifyoueatalotofprocessedmeatyouhaveachanceofbeingamongthe0.41percentofpeopledyingofcancerbecauseofprocessedmeat.I'lltakethechance.”可知，Tim认为吃加工肉制品并不是什么要命的事儿，还是比较安全的。

]

3．WhatmaybeHelen'sresponsetoWHO'swarning?

A．Caringlittleaboutit.

B．Eatingwhatevershelikes.

C．Varyingthedietanddoingexercise.

D．Takingadietwithoutmeat.

C　[细节理解题。

根据第四段的“itisrathersayingthatpeopleshouldvarytheirdiet.Peoplewhoeatmoremeatoftenhaveotherunhealthyhabits.Theyusuallyeatfewerfruitsandvegetablesandtheyalsooftenexerciseless.”可知，Helen对WHO的警告的回应是应该饮食多样化并多锻炼身体。

]

4．Whohavethemostsimilarviewpoints?

A．BillandTim.B．TimandHelen.

C．HelenandVan.D．BillandVan.

A　[细节理解题。

根据对文章第二段和第三段的整体理解可知，Bill和Tim都认为是可以吃加工肉制品的。

]

B

（2017·济南高三模拟）Peopleneedtoseekoutnewfoodsbecausetheworldhassomanymouthstofeed.Asof2015，therearemorethansevenbillionpeopleonEarth，accordingtotheUnitedNations.Andby2100thatnumbermaydouble.Feedingallofthesepeoplemeansnotonlyimprovingthewayfoodsaregrown，butalsofindingnewsourcesofnutrition.

Andthat_questisbecomingevermoreurgent.Ifnothingchanges，within35years，theworld'sappetitewillbegreaterthantheamountoffoodsproduced.That'saccordingtoareportreleasedlastyear.ItwaspreparedbytheGlobalHarvestInitiative，aprivateagriculturegroupbasedinWashington，D.C.

Globalwarming，too，ischangingfoodproduction.Scientistspredictthatrisingtemperatureswillreducethegrowthofimportantcropslikewheats，cornsandsoybeans.Lowincomedevelopingcountrieswillbehitthehardest.Whenharvestsfall，cropsbecomemoreexpensive.Andsincethosefoodsarealsousedtofeedanimalslikecowsandpigs，meatprices，too，willrise.

Allovertheworld，researchersareracingagainsttheclocktofigureouthowbesttofeedmorepeopleinafastchangingworld.Andsomesurprisingideashavebeguntocomeup.Twoyearsago，scientistsintroducedthefirstburgermadefrommeatgrowninalab.Theprojectcostmorethan$300，000，butit'sastart.Otherresearchersaredevelopingseedsthatcansurvivehightemperaturesanddrought.Stillothersarefindingwaystoimprovethegenesofmeatanimalssotheyproducemoremeatandcanstandtheheat.

Agloomy（悲观的）forecastfortheplanetisn'ttheonlyreasontostudyfoodsforthefuture.It'sacreativequestthatwillinspirepeoplewhocanthinkinnewwaysaboutexistingplantsandanimals—eveninsects.Theseresearchershaveusedtheirtalentsinwaysthateventheyneverwouldhavepredicted.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。

5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thatquest”inParagraph2referto?

A．Theresearchonfoods.

B．Theincreaseofpopulation.

C．Thevarietyofnutrition.

D．Thechangeofappetite.

A　[词义猜测题。

根据第一段的最后一句及下文的食物研究可知，画线词指对食物的研究。

]

6．Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectlowincomedevelopingcountries?

a．Increasemeatprices.

b．Raisethetemperature.

c．Reducethegrowthofcrops.

d．Leadtothehighcostoflife.

e．Causeahigherpriceforcrops.

A．b→a→c→d→eB．c→a→b→d→e

C．d→e→c→a→bD．b→c→e→a→d

D　[细节理解题。

根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是农作物减产，从而农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。

]

7．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?

A．Newwaysoffarming.

B．Somegreatresearchers.

C．Progressinfoodresearch.

D．Achievementsinlabexperiments.

C　[段落大意题。

根据第四段的第二句“Andsomesurprisingideashavebeguntocomeup”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。

]

8．Whatwillbediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?

A．Examplesofsuccessfulfoodresearchers.

B．Differentopinionsaboutthefuturefood.

C．Methodsofdealingwithglobalwarming.

D．Possibilitiesoffeedingthepresentpopulation.

A　[推理判断题。

根据最后一段的最后一句“Theseresearchershaveusedtheirtalentsinwaysthateventheyneverwouldhavepredicted”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。

]

【导学号：

34802250】

Ⅱ.完形填空

（2016·浙江高考）Duringthewar，myhusbandwasstationedatanarmycampinadesertinCalifornia.Iwenttolivethereinordertobe__1__him.Ihatedtheplace.Ihadnever__2__beensounhappy.Myhusbandwasorderedoutonalongtermduty，andIwasleftinatinyshack（棚屋）alone.Theheatwas__3__—almost125°Fevenintheshadeofacactus（仙人掌）．__4__asoultotalkto.Thewindblewnonstop，andallthefoodIate，andtheveryairIbreathed，were__5__withsand，sand，sand!

IwassosorryformyselfthatIwrotetomyparents.ItoldthemIwas__6__andcomingbackhome.IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.I__7__beinprison！

Myfatheransweredmy__8__withjusttwolines—twolinesthatwillalwayssinginmy__9__—twolinesthatcompletelychangedmylife：

Twomenlookedoutfromprisonbars，

Onesawthemud，theothersawthestars.

Ireadthosetwolines__10__．Iwasashamedofmyself.ImadeupmymindIwouldfindoutwhatwasgoodinmypresent__11__；Iwouldlookforthestars.

Imadefriendswiththenatives，andtheir__12__amazedme.Theygavemepresentsoftheirfavoriteartworkswhichtheyhad__13__toselltotourists.Istudiedthedelightfulformsofthecactus.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets，and__14__forseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanocean__15__．

Whatbroughtaboutthis__16__changeinme?

Thedeserthadn'tchanged，__17__Ihad.Ihadchangedmy__18__．Andbydoingso，Ichangedanunhappyexperienceintothemostamazing__19__ofmylife.IwasexcitedbythisnewworldthatIhaddiscovered.Ihadlookedoutofmyselfcreatedprisonand__20__thestars.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了作者为了陪伴丈夫来到沙漠。

恶劣的生存环境让作者感到不快乐。

而作者父亲回信中的两行话彻底改变了她，让她改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。

1．A.offB．behind

C．nearD．beyond

C　[上文语境题。

根据空格前的wenttolivethere可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近（near）一些。

off离开；behind在……后面；near在……附近；beyond超出，远于。

]

2．A.beforeB．already

C．thenD．still

A　[上下文语境题。

根据上文使用的过去时及下文IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.可知，作者在此之前（before）从未那么不快乐过。

before在……之前；already已经；then然后，那么；still仍然。

]

3．A.inflexibleB．incomprehensible

C．uncontrollableD．unbearable

D　[下文语境题。

由破折号后的almost125°Fevenintheshadeofacactus可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的（unbearable）。

inflexible缺乏弹性的，不可改变的；incomprehensible难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable控制不住的，无法管束的；unbearable无法忍受的，承受不住的。

]

4．A.OnlyB．Not

C．ManyD．Such

B　[上下文语境题。

由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住地方的炎热的天气、永无休止的风、所吃的食物、呼吸的空气都令人无法忍受。

空格处应该指这里没有（not）作者可以与之聊天的人。

only仅仅，只有；not没有；many许多；such那样的。

]

5．A.coveredB．filled

C．buriedD．charged

B　[上下文语境题。

此处各选项均可填入构成短语：

becoveredwith用……覆盖；befilledwith充满……；beburiedwith被……掩埋；bechargedwith被指控犯……（罪）。

由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气，到处都充满了（werefilledwith）沙子。

]

6．A.catchingupB．keepingup

C．givingupD．gettingup

C　[下文语境题。

由后面的IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境，作者打算放弃（giveup）并准备回家。

catchup赶上；keepup保持，维持；giveup放弃；getup起床。

]

7．A.oughttoB．mightwell

C．wouldratherD．hadbetter

C　[上下文语境题。

由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿（wouldrather）去蹲监狱。

oughtto应该；mightwell有充分理由，足以；wouldrather宁愿；hadbetter最好。

]

8．A.requestB．call

C．questionD．letter

D　[上文语境题。

由该段第一句中的Iwrotetomyparents可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。

request请求，要求；call通话，召唤；question问题；letter信。

]

9．A.comparisonB．imagination

C．considerationD．memory

D　[下文语境题。

由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行话总是在她的记忆（memory）里唱响。

comparison对比；imagination想象；consideration考虑，体贴；memory记忆。

]

10．A.overandoverB．byandby

C．upanddownD．nowandthen

A　[上下文语境题。

由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复（overandover）阅读，并为自己感到羞愧。

overandover再三，反复；byandby不久，很快；upanddown上上下下，来回；nowandthen不时，时常。

]

11．A.companyB．occupation

C．situationD．relationship

C　[上文语境题。

由上文可知，空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境（situation）的优势。

company陪伴，公司；occupation工作，占用；situation处境，状况；relationship关系。

]

12．A.movementB．reaction

C．guidanceD．purpose

B　[上下文语境题。

由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的