浙江省普通高校招生选考英语试题及答案.docx

浙江省普通高校招生选考英语试题及答案.docx

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浙江省普通高校招生选考英语试题及答案

2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）

英语试题

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分,满分25分）

  阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

   Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危机）inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn'ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicealsosatisfiesherwanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.

   Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.

   Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestless—thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemustheedalone,though.Merebethsays,“WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.”

21.WhydidMerebethchangedherjob?

 A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.

 B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.

 C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.

 D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.

22.Theword“wanderlust”inparagraph2meansadesireto        .

 A.makemoney

 B.tryvariousjobs

 C.beclosetonature

 D.traveltodifferentplaces

23.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?

 A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.

 B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.

 C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.

 D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.

B

   TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodernworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier.

   “Itiscuriousthatononehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers,Steam,Electricity,andtheMenInventedModernAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrativesolivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.

   Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld”.Kleinwrites,“Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspeditspasswordstheyputittomoreusesthananyoneelse.”

   Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.EdisonperfectedanincandescentbullsthatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.

   Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpowerdelivery.

   Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.

24.WhatisKlein'sunderstandingoftheageifelectricity?

 A.Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.

 B.Itbeganearlierthanproperthought.

 C.Itisalittle-studiedperiodofhistory.

 D.Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.

25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?

 A.HewasborninNewYorkCity.

 B.Hewrotemanyincreasingstories,

 C.Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.

 D.Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.

26.Whatisthetext?

 A.Abiography.    

 B.Abookreview.    

 C.Ashortstory.    

 D.Asciencereport.

C

   Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere'sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist.Newresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentlesslikelytodevelopdementia（失智症）inlaterlife,andistheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssportywomen. 

   LeadresearcherDr.HelenaHorder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:

"Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit'spossiblethatimprovingpeople'scardiovascular（心血管的）fitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheywereexhaustedtomeasuretheirpeak（最大值的）cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat103watts.

   Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevel,or120wattsorhigher.Atotalof92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory;and59womenwereinthelowfitnesscategory,definedasapeakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirexercisetestsstoppedbecauseofhighbloodpressure,chestpainorothercardiovascularproblems.

   Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthattime,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendevelopeddementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlowfitness.

   “However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonlyshowsanassociation.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositiveeffectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismostimportant.”Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwereformSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.

27.Whatisontheever-growinglistmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

 A.Positiveeffectsofdoingexercises.

 B.Exercisessuitableforthemiddle-aged.

 C.Experimentalstudiesondiseases.

 D.Advantagesofsportywomanoverman

28.Whydidtheresearchersaskthewomantodobicycleexercise?

 A.Topredicttheirmaximumheartrate.

 B.Toassesstheircardiovascularcapacity

 C.Tochangetheirhabitsofworkingout

 D.Todetecttheirpotentialhealthproblems

29.WhatdoweknowaboutDr.Horder'sstudy?

 A.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.

 B.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.

 C.Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.

 D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

 A.MoreWomenAreExercisingtoPreventDementia

 B.Middle-AgedWomenNeedtoDoMoreExercise

 C.FitWomenAreLessLikelytoDevelopDementia

 D.BikingImprovesWomen'sCardiovascularFitness

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

  阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

  Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,but1havemadespecificchoicethatallowmetomakethemostofeveryday.andstillfeelhappyandrelaxed._____31____

    Pickthemostimportant.

   ____32_____Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.1chosethelifeofanadviserbecauseIliketoworkwithcompanies,butdon'twantthelifeofabigcompanyCEO.Mychoicesarebasedonthelifestyle1want.

    Combineyouractivities.

   Manypeoplegocrazytryingtofigureouthowtospendtimewithfriends,family,work,play,etc.____33____Findwaystoenjoytheminacombinedmanner.Buildyoursociallifearoundpeopleyourworkenvironment.Findpeopleinyourcompanywhosharecommoninterestsanddevelopyourcareer（职业）aroundthepeopleandactivitiesyoulove.

   ______34______

   Youwouldthinklearning,takesmoretimefromyou,butactuallytherearealwaysnewwaysofdoingthingsthatcansaveyoutimeondailytasks,freeingyouupforthemostimportant.Alwaysbelookingforanewwaytogainbackanhourhereorthere.

    Lightenup.

   Theworldwon'tcometo.anend.inmostcasesjustbecauseyouleftafewthingsundone.Celebrateprogressandkeeprefining（改进）towardahappyproductiveexistence.____35____Everycompletionisasmallvictorythataddsupinabigway.

 A.Speedup.

 B.Beanactivelearner.

 C.Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.

 D.Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.

 E.Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.

 F.Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.

 G.Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.

第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

   阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

   WhenBeverleyBurdeyneyturnedseventyfourlastyear,shestartedhavingpro