00096外刊经贸知识选读04.docx

00096外刊经贸知识选读04.docx

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00096外刊经贸知识选读04

2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

外刊经贸知识选读试题

课程代码：

0096

一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在答题纸相应的位置上。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.Hisemployertransferredhimtoanotheroffice.

A.renovatedB.changed

C.aspiredD.exchanged

2.TheChinesegovernmentplanstospeedupruraldevelopment.

A.distributeB.contribute

C.moderateD.accelerate

3.Thisboominadulteducation,inturn,helpstoraisetheintellectualstandardofthewholecountry.

A.growthB.measure

C.bonusD.behemoth

4.CompanieslikeIBMandDellarestartingtooffercomparablepackagesforopensourcesolutions.

A.similarB.reliable

C.cyclicalD.considerable

5.Asaconsequenceofsomethingwhichhappensinthegame,aplayermustdosomethingsilly.

A.conversationB.payment

C.competitionD.result

6.EUtakesstepstoremoveanobstructionfromChinesetextileimportsheldupatEUfrontiers.

A.unlockB.unload

C.unblockD.unbind

7.Itrequiresthereturnofexcessrevenuetotaxpayerswhenstaterevenueexceedstheamountforecastatthestartofabudgetperiodbymorethan2percent.

A.expensiveB.surplus

C.extensiveD.rough

8.Therecentstatementofthepresidentforecastachangeinthesituation.

A.diminishedB.capitulated

C.concentratedD.foreshadowed

9.Thefactorymustaimatdevelopingnewmodelsofmachines.

A.targetB.outstrip

C.justifyD.enforce

10.TheappointmentofanexperiencedUAEdiplomatwilladdweighttotheUAE’svoiceintheorganization.

A.heightB.importance

C.widthD.appearance

11.RecordoilpricesintheinternationalmarketposenothreattotheSwisseconomyatthemoment.

A.proposeB.possess

C.presentD.protect

12.NorthropCorporationlocatedapurchaserforSwisselevatorsinEgypt.

A.pulledB.found

C.pushedD.chose

13.TheAuditTechniquesGuides（ATGs）focusondevelopinghighlytrainedexaminersforaparticularmarketsegment.

A.divisionB.protection

C.examinationD.innovation

14.MorethanMicrosoft,GoogleismorelikelytomonopolizetheInternetwiththeirprobableGNetandGoogle.

A.constituteB.promote

C.stabilizeD.dominate

15.Thebookdiscusseshisillnessandsubsequentresignationfromthegovernment.

A.yieldingB.successive

C.followingD.speculative

二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

16.most-favorednationtreatment

17.tradesurplus

18.hardcurrency

19.mergerofbanks

20.liquidassets

21.ahermitnation

22.tradenegotiation

23.ataroughestimate

24.ChineseExportCommoditiesFair

25.foreignexchangereserves

三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

26.国民收入

27.国际收支

28.收盘价

29.惩罚性进口关税

30.证券投资

31.商品市场

32.自由市场（无壁垒市场）

33.智囊团/顾问班子

34.产地证明书

35.对等价值

四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）

Passage1

Coca-Cola’sadvanceintoorangesodaisbadnewsforSunkist,whichholdsa1.5%shareofthesoftdrinkmarket,andCrush（around1%）Coca-ColabegantestingMinuteMaidOrangeSodainCanadalastsummer.SomeanalyststhinkitwillquicklychallengeSunkistasthetop-sellingorangedrink.

ThesleeperamongtheproductsmightturnouttobeCherryCoke,whichcontainsnofruitjuiceatall.EmanuelGoldman,abeverageanalystwithMontgomerySecuritiesinSanFrancisco,saysCherryCokehascapturedsharesof4%to8%intestmarkets.Thedrinkprobablywon’tdoaswellwhenitisrolledoutnationally,sinceconsumercouponsandpricepromotionshavebeenhelpingitalong.ButGoldmanbelievesCherryCokecouldeventuallydisplaceDrPepperasthenation’sfifth-best-sellingsoftdrink.

36.WhyisCherryCokedescribedasthe“sleeper”?

37.Whatisatestmarket?

Howdoyouunderstand“pricepromotions”here?

38.Whichbrandoccupiesthefifthplaceonthesoftdrinklistatpresent?

Passage2

Themostvisibleresultofthisbuoyantmarketinbothcentresisaplethoraofnewmulti-storeycommercialandresidentialbuildings.InAbuDhabi,theseprojectsareletthroughtheKhalifahcommitteeortheDepartmentofSocialServicestolocalconsultants,butinDubaithereismoreofaninternationalspread.

Buildingworkapart,consultantspredictafairlywidespreadofprojects.“Weexpectthemarkettoremainbuoyantforthenextcoupleofyears.ThereisafairbitofworkatMinaZayedcomingup,afairbitofroad-workingontheislandandthehinterland,andweexpectsomeairportdevelopmenttorearitsheadinthenottoodistantfuture,”saysonelong-establishedAbuDhabi-basedconsultant.

39.Whoarerentingthemulti-storeycommercialbuildingsinAbuDhabiandDubai?

40.Whatistheprospectofnewbuildingprojects?

41.Pleaseexplain“rearitshead”and“AbuDhabi-based”inthelastsentence.

五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

Passage1

Specificationsaredetaileddescriptionsofthegoodstobesold.Theyincludethecomposition,content,purity,strength,size,etc.ofthegoods.

Thesamekindofgoodsmightalsobeclassifiedintodifferentgrades,suchaslarge,medium,orsmall;GradeA,GradeB,orGradeC.Everygradehasitsownspecifications.Thesegradesaregivenbycommercialchambersorrelevantgovernmentdepartmentsorinformallybytheproducersorthetradersthemselves.Therearenouniforminternationalgradesforgoods,andtheyarenotsoformalasstandards.

Standardsarethespecificationsorgradesofficiallyrecognizedbythegovernmentaldepartmentorcommercialorganizationsofacountry.Theyhavelegaleffectsandhencearebindinguponthetraders.Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththerequirementsdemandedbythestandards,theyarenottobemarketed.

Differentcountrieshavedifferentstandards.Also,mostcountriesmakealterationsandamendmentstotheirstandardsanditisthereforenecessarytostatethequotedpublicationsofthestandardinacontract.

Inthetradingofagriculturalproducts,F.A.Q.（fairaveragequality）isoftenemployedtoindicatethequalityofthegoods.F.A.Q.israthersweeping.Fromatechnicalpointofview,itindicatestheaveragequalityofthecurrentcrop.BesidesF.A.Q.,specificationsarestillnecessaryunlessthetransactionisdonebetweenregulartradingpartners.

TobedifferentfromF.A.Q.,theterm“selected”issometimesemployed.Withthisterm,thesellerneedstostatethespecificationsofthegoodstoshowhowselecteditis.

Forthetradingofwoodandaquaticproducts,G.M.Q.（goodmerchantablequality）isemployedtoindicatethequalityofgoods.G.M.Q.meansthegoodsisfreefromdefectsandisgoodenoughforuseorconsumption.G.M.Q.isusuallynotsupplementedwithspecificationsandwhendisputesarisebecauseofthequalityofthegoods,exporterswillhavetobeinvitedtomakethearbitration.

42.Gradeshavemoredetaileddescriptionsofgoodsthanspecifications.

43.Onemajordifferencebetweenstandards,gradesandspecificationsisthatstandardsareofficial.

44.Itisimportantforexportgoodstomeetthestandardsoftheirtargetcountries.

45.ThedifferencebetweenF.A.Q.and“selected”isthatthelatterinvolveslessgeneralspecifications.

46.GoodswithG.M.Q.areusuallybetterinqualitythanproductswithF.A.Q.

Passage2

LetmetouchonafewareaswhereprogressintheDohaDevelopmentAgendawillhelppoorercountriesreapfurthergainsfromtradeandenhancetheirpotentialforsustainabledevelopment.

Agricultureisandhasalwaysbeenafundamentalsectorformanydevelopingcountries.Agricultureiscriticaltothesuccessfulconclusionofthenegotiations.Ambitiousliberalizationinthissectorcanofferbigpotentialgainsforallcountries,particularlydevelopingcountries.WTOmembersarecommittedtocomprehensivenegotiationsaimedataddressingmarketaccess,exportsubsidiesandtradedistortingdomesticsupport.Morethan50developingcountriesdependonagricultureforoverone-thirdoftheirmerchandiseexportearnings.Theeventualeliminationoftradedistortingmeasureswhichaffectagriculturaltradewillbeatremendousboostforsustainabledevelopment.TheWorldBankhasestimatedthatphasingoutrestrictionsonagriculturecouldleadtohigherincomeindevelopingcountriesofsomeUS$400billionby2015.Thegainsfromthisareseveraltimeslargerthanallthedebtreliefgrantedtodevelopingcountriessofar.

Tariffpeaksandtariffescalation:

aftermanyroundsoftradenegotiations,averagetariffsonnon-agriculturalproductshavebeensignificantlyreduced.Butrelativelyhightariffsstillremainonsomeproductsinwhichdevelopingcountriesarecompetitiveandtariffsgoupasthelevelofprocessingincreases.Tariffescalationpreventsdevelopingcountriesfrommovingawayfromdependenceonafewcommodities.Tariffpeaksandtariffescalationmustbebroughtdownbythenegotiations,ifdevelopingcountriesaretobeabletomeaningfullygainfromworldmerchandisetrade.

47.ThespeakerdiscussesthereasonofwhyDohaDevelopmentAgendahasbeenagreatsuccess.

48.Progressintheagriculturenegotiationsalonecontributessubstantiallytothisdevelopmentagenda.

49.MostoftheexportearningsofAfricacomefromagriculturalproducts.

50.Doingawaywithtradebarriersinagriculturemeansexemptingdevelopingcountriesfromdebts.

51.Becausedevelopedcountriessetalimitontariffs,developingcountriesareexportingabroaderrangeofcompetitivecommodities.

六、翻译题（本大题12分）

52.DuringthepastfewyearsamajorobjectiveoftheChineseauthoritieshasbeentoreducetheproportionofagriculturalexports,whileincreasingthatofindustrialandmineralproducts.AwidevarietyofindustrialgoodsarenowexportedandChinesecapitalequipmenthasbeenusedbyanumberofdevelopingcountriestoestablishprojectsinareassuchasagriculture,forestry,lightindustry,foodprocessing,wate