英语前缀后缀词根大全.docx
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英语前缀后缀词根大全
词汇篇
课堂精讲笔记
请大家注意:
每一组单词都蕴含着一个庞大的词汇知识体系!
请大家坚信:
千锤百炼方可修成正果!
1、表示方位的前缀
1、pre-/pro-前
predict
propose
progress
prospect
串词造句:
Theheadmasterproposesthatifyoupredictabrightprospect,youshouldmakeprogressfirst.
校长建议:
如果你想预测一个光明的前景,你要先取得进步。
真题链接:
Whenpeopleindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,theyareusually concernedattheprospectoftherbestandbrightestdeparturetoSiliconValleyor tohospitalsanduniversitiesinthedevelopedworld,(2013)
2、fore前
before
foretell
forehead
foremost:
firstandforemost
forearm
foreground,background
真题链接:
mostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.
3.post-后
postwar
postpone
postgraduate:
扩展:
4.re-
含义一:
再,又:
repeat
retell
含义二:
反方向,回
return
reduce
retreat
5.super-上,超级
superman
supermarket
supervisor
superficial
串词成句:
Thesupermanreckonedthesupervisorofthesupermarketverysuperficial.
超人认为超市的督导很肤浅。
6.hyper-:
在上面的,超出的
hypertension
hypercritical
hyperscope潜望镜
补充:
telescope,microscope
7.sub-:
下,下面的
subway
suburb——urban
submarine
substitute
串词成句:
Inthesuburb,thereissubwayunderthegroundjustastherearesubmarinesunderthesea.
在郊区地下面有地铁就如同海下有潜水艇。
8.under-在....以下,过少的
underground
underestimate
underdeveloped
串词成句:
Wecan’tunderestimatethevalueoftheunderdevelopedcountry.
9.in-/im-/intro-/intra:
在里面
include——exclude——exclusive
import_______export
introduce
intrastate
Income
扩展:
paysalary,wage,
pensionbonuscommission(佣金)
freefeetip
interestprofitcapital
allowancecompensation
真题链接:
Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenewcomersintotwocategories:
legalorillegal,goodorbad.
10.ex-:
出...,在...外面
export
exit
11.dis-:
1否定前缀:
不;dislike,dishonest,disappear
Ifyoulookhardenough,you’llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,antiperspirants,(止汗剂)teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.
2、分开,远离:
diseasedistributedispose
Manproposes,Goddisposes.
二、表示否定的前缀
12.dis-同上
13.un-:
unhappyunknownunlockthesecret
14.in-/im-/il-/ir-
invisibleinfamous
impossibleimmature
illegal
irregular
15.anti-反...的、抗....的
antiwar
anticancer
antibiotic
anti-theft
anti-water
16.contra-/contro-相反
counter
contradict
contrast
contrary:
onthecontrary
controversial
真题链接
Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.(2010-Text3)
3、描述性前缀
17、bon-/bene-:
好的=well
bonus
benefit
beneficial
真题链接:
2012-text-3
Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidethe.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms.
18.mal-坏的
malnutrition
maltreat---abuse----spoil
malediction
19.mis-坏的
mistake
misstep
misunderstand
misfortune
20.co-/com-/con-/cor-/col-共同
cooperator
compromise
confirm
corruption
correspond
21.Homo-
homosexual
homogeneous
22.inter-之间
interchange
internet
interfere
Interrupt
23.trans-经过
transport
transform
24.auto-
autobiography
automobile
automate
真题复现:
Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:
Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”(2013-Text1)
overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.(2010-Text3)
学以致用
练习
1.composeimposeexposepropose
disposesupposeoppose
词义分析:
小试牛刀:
________pressureonthejudge
________youareright,Iwillfollowyourproposal.
Man________,God________.
Diamondis________ofcarbon.
Thetruthfinallywas________tothepublic.
2.abstractcontractattractsubtractdistractextract
词义分析:
小试牛刀:
the____________ofthethesis
Thetwocompaniessigneda________
________one’sattention
________orangejuice
depressexpressimpressoppresssuppress
词义分析:
小试牛刀:
_________one’sopinion
Thecleverchild________medeeply.
Therichalways________thepoorintheoldsociety.
________therebellion
Theeconomicisingreat________
词汇篇二
表示数字的前缀
semi/hemi-:
半
demiconductor
hemisphere
hemicycle
semiannual
semifinal
semitropical
:
一
monopoly
mono-log
monotonous
一个
solo:
soloconcert
sole:
thesolesurvivor
solitary
单一
uniform
unilateral
universal
unanimous
unicorn
di-du-:
两个
bicycle
bilingual
dilemma
diploma
duel
duplicate
三
tricycle
triangle
tribe
四
quarter
quadruple
十
decade
decimal
百;kilo-千;milli-千
centimeter
kilogram
kilometer
millimeter
大范围的,宏观的
macroeconomics
macroscopic
macrocosm(cosmos宇宙)
大的,百万的
megaphone
megabyte
mega-city
:
小的
microwave
microscope
micro-soft
13.multi-多的
multimedia
multiply
multiform
补充:
=hand手工的,体力的
manual
manuscript
manufacture
常用词根
=do,act做,动
agent
agency
agenda----ontheagenda
=hear听;声音的
audience
audition听觉
audible
CoryBookerwhobecamemayor13monthsagowithamissiontorevitalizethecity,believesthesurveillance(监视)programwillbethelargestcameraandaudionetworkinanyAmericancity.
ced/cess=go行走
proceed
precede----preceding----precedent---precedented---unprecedented
exceed--excess--excessive
exceedthespeedlimit
anexcessofviolenceinthefilm
excessiveviolence
2007年真题
10.LightninghasbeenthesecondlargeststormkillerintheUSoverthepast40yearsandis____onlybyflood.
Aexceeded Bexcelled Cexcluded Dextended
4.cept=take拿、取
except----exception----exceptional
accept---acceptance----acceptable
2007年阅读真题
theauthor’sview,manyendangeredlanguagesare________.
A.remarkablywell-keptinthismodernworld
B.exceptionallypowerfultoolsofcommunication
C.quitepossibletoberevivedinsteadofdyingout
D.auniquewayofbringingdifferentgroupstogether
5.cid,cis=cut/kill切,杀
decide--decision---decisive---indecisive
concise
precise
2009年真题
'sbookisparticularlyvaluableinthatit_____.
littleuseofmanagementterms
variousstudiesconcisely
asanexitforleadershipresearchers
amodelforcontemporarycorporateleaders
6.claim,clam=cry,shout喊叫
acclaim
exclaim----exclamation
proclaim----proclamation
2008年真题theIOCinrecentyearshasalsotakeninto_33__thehostcity’stimezone.
A.amount B.account C.accord D.acclaim
7.clar=clear清楚,明白
declare
clarity
Clarify
8.clud/clus=close(关闭)
include--inclusion--inclusive
exclude--exclusive---exclusion--exclusionism
conclude--conclusion:
inconclusion
accord---accordance---accordingto
9.di/div-分开
divide----division
divorce
dividend股息,红利
10.cred=believe,trust相信,信任
credit:
oncredit
credible------incredible
credulous----incredulous
练习
1.introduceinducededucereduceproduce
2.attributecontributedistribute
3.evolveevolutioninvolverevolve
overpasscompassbypasssurpass
常用后缀
ible (adj)可…的,能…的
readable
sensible
(adj)具有…性质的,如…的
personal
regional
rural
3.al (n)表动作,人,事物
proposal
professional
criminal
hospital
refusal
ent (n)表人,物,行为
applicant
assistant
correspondent
president
(n)表性质,状态,行为
freedom
wisdom
(n)表动作的承受者
employee
trainee
(n)从事…的人
pioneer
volunteer
(n)物品,机器
washer
lighter
boiler
(v)使变成
harden
shorten
soften
strengthen
en (adj)有…质的,似…的
golden
woolen
9.ess (adj)表女性,雌性
hostess
actress
(adj)充满…的,具有…性质的
cupful
fearful
表身份,状况,性质
neighborhood
manhood
(v)使成…,使…化
magnify
purify
tion 表情况,状态,性质,行为
fashion
decision
似…的,有…的
selfish
childish
表示……主义,行为,…学,…派
realism
tourism
fatalism
modernism
从事…工作的人
socialist
dentist
有…性质的,有…作用的,属于…的
protective
productive
active
ise,yze,yse 以…方式对待,…化
realize
analyze
modernize
19.fearless
useless
20.like 有…性质的,像…的
dreamlike
humanlike
学科
biology
technology
表行为,状态,性质
movement
management
表状态,性质
darkness
kindness
充满…的
dangerous
famous
表状况,状态,身份,技艺,技能
hardship
doctorship
workmanship
像…的,引起…的
troublesome
lonesome
表示人
youngster
gangster
(s) 表方向
upward(s) outward(s)
思考:
able;ful;tive;ous均可做形容词后缀,如何区别
练习
1.respectablerespectfulrespective
2imaginableimaginaryimaginative
3crediblecredulouscredibility
4.sensiblesensitive
学谚语,记单词
1.Afallinthepit,againinyourwit.
sweetwithoutsweat.
thereisawillthereisaway.
hurts,modestybenefits
wasnotbuiltinaday.
helpsthosewhohelpthemselves.
haste,lessspeed.
begunishalfdone.
istheparentofsuccess.
mindsthinkalike.
makesperfect.
sparrowcannotunderstandtheambitionofaswan.
andtidewaitnoman.
youngidler,anoldbeggar.
whiletheironishot.
venture,notinggain.
neverrainsbutitpours.
proposes,Goddisposes.
pain,nogain.
toadvanceistogoback.
21. Allthatglittersisnotgold.
there'soppressionthere'sresistance.
isthekeytosuccess.
isthepoisonoffriendship.
laughsbestwholaughslast.
revealsgenius,fortuneconcealsit.
词汇精讲
1.evolveinvolverevolve
2.consistpersistinsistassist
3.informperformcon